scholarly journals Investigation of the Orientation of Ions in the Interlayer of CTAB Pillared Montmorillonite

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semra Karaca ◽  
Ahmet Gürses ◽  
Mehtap Ejder Korucu
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonite ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Scanning Electron

The orientation of CTA+in the interlayer of organic pillared montmorillonite prepared by adding different amounts of surfactant corresponding to the CEC of the pristine clay mineral has been studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra. Morphology of the samples was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results are supported by the measurements of zeta potentials and contact angles of pristine clay and organoclay samples. From the XRD results, a series of arrangement models of CTA+in the interlayer of montmorillonite have been proposed as lateral-bilayer, pseudotrilayer, paraffin-type-monolayer and pseudotrilayer, paraffin-type-bilayer and pseudotrilayer for 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 CEC, respectively. FTIR spectrum and contact angle measurements of pristine montmorillonite and organoclays indicated the incorporation of surfactant and the changing of hydrophility in the different OMts. This study demonstrates that not only the arrangement model of surfactant, but also the morphology of organoclay strongly depends on the surfactant packing density within the montmorillonite interlayer space. In addition, it can be also proposed that, the magnitude of surface charge or its distribution on clay mineral might be an important factor for expansion characteristics of organoclay.

Preparation of TiO2-Pillared Montmorillonite as Photocatalyst and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange

2012 ◽  
Vol 190-191 ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Xia Zhao ◽  
Li Ping Dang ◽  
Xiao Li Zhang ◽  
Na Yang ◽  
Yuan Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Orange ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonite ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Degradation Of Methyl Orange ◽  
Scanning Electron

In order to obtain TiO2-pillared materials, montmorillonite (MMT) from Xinghe Co. of Neimeng as matrix, was used. The tetrabutyl titanate was used as precursor for the preparation of the TiO2-pillared montmorillonite, which was applied to introduce TiO2 into its interlayer space (15 mmol Ti/g clay). The as-prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR). The XRD patterns and the SEM photograph illustrated that the layers of MMT were delaminated and all samples were of the anatase phase. The TiO2-pillared montmorillonite was shown high photoactivity for the photodegradation of methyl orange dyestuff in aqueous solution under UV irradiation. The results showed that TiO2-pillared montmorillonite containing the anatase phase of TiO2 by calcination at 773 K and it was with the highest photocatalytic activity. Comparative photodegradation experiments were also conducted under different conditions. The experimental results demonstrated the feasibility of utilizing TiO2-pillared clays as a catalyst for removing methyl orange from water.

Contact Angle Measurements of Wetting In Pristine and Ion Implanted High Modulus Benzene Derived Graphite Fibers

1984 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. de Hodgins ◽  
M. S. Dresselhaus ◽  
D. Uhlmann
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Structural Disorder ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Graphite Fibers

AbstractMeasurements are reported of the contact angles of benzene-derived carbon fibers with de-ionized water, aminopropyltriethoxy silane and du Pont 5878 polyimide solutions. Both pristine fibers and fibers implanted with 5×1012 cm-2 and 1×1015 cm-2 fluences of 31p ions were investigated. Such implantation was observed to decrease the contact angle in all three solutions. The ion implantation had no significant effect on tensile strength, but did result in increased structural disorder (as reflected in the width of the main wide angle X-ray diffraction peak) and increased surface roughness. The increased disorder and roughness are believed to be principally responsible for the observed change in wetting angle.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of the Alloy Ti-7.5Mo by Anodization for Biomedical Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia do Amaral Escada ◽  
Javier Andres Muñoz Chaves ◽  
Ana Paula Rosifini Alves Claro
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Ammonium Fluoride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Simple Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the TiO2 nanotubes growth and the variation in its diameter to improve the surface properties of Ti-7.5Mo to use for biomedical applications. For the nanotubes TiO2 growth, the samples were anodized in glycerol and ammonium fluoride and divided according to the anodizing potential at 5V to 10V and 24 hour time. The surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray analysis (XRD) and contact angle measurements. The average tube diameter, ranging in size from 13 to 23 nm, was found to increase with increasing anodizing voltage. It was also observed a decrease in contact angle in accordance with the increase in the anodizing potential. The X-ray analysis showed the presence of anatase phase in samples whose potential was 10V and this condition represents a simple surface treatment for Ti-7.5Mo alloy that has high potential for biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Mechanical Activation of Smectite-Based Nanocomposites for Creation of Smart Fertilizers

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 809
Author(s):  
Maxim Rudmin ◽  
Santanu Banerjee ◽  
Boris Makarov ◽  
Kanipa Ibraeva ◽  
Alexander Konstantinov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Soil Leaching ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

This research presents the mechanical creation of smart fertilizers from a mixture of smectite and urea in a 3:2 ratio by using the planetary milling technique. The smectite–urea composites show intercalation between urea and mineral, which increases steadily with increasing activation time. A shift of X-Ray Diffraction basal reflections, intensities of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) peaks, and weight losses in thermogravimetric analysis (TG) document the systematic crystallo-chemical changes of the composites related to nitrogen interaction with activation. Observations of the nanocomposites by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) corroborate the inference. Nitrogen intercalates with smectite in the interlayer space and remains absorbed either within micro-aggregates or on the surface of activated smectites. Soil leaching tests reveal a slower rate of nitrogen than that of traditional urea fertilizers. Different forms of nitrogen within the composites cause their differential release rates to the soil. The formulated nanocomposite fertilizer enhances the quality and quantity of oat yield.

Room temperature conversion of X0.3V2O5· nH2O phase into X2V6O16· nH2O phase Influence of the nature of the cation X+

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Durupthy ◽  
Saïd Es-salhi ◽  
Nathalie Steunou ◽  
Thibaud Coradin ◽  
Jacques Livage
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Phases ◽  
New Phase ◽  
Supernatant Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTVarious cations (Li+, Na+, K+, NH4+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+) were introduced during the formation of a V2O5. nH2O gel. Cation intercalated Xy V2O5. nH2O (y = 0.3 for X = Li+, Na+, K+, NH4+ or y = 0.15 for Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+) were first obtained at room temperature but some of them evolve upon ageing into a new phase: XV3O8. nH2O for X = Na+, K+, NH4+ and Cs+ or XV6O16. nH2O for X = Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+. All the vanadium oxide phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy (IR); the supernatant solutions were analysed by 51V NMR spectroscopy. These vanadium oxide phases exhibit a layered structure with cations and water molecules intercalated within the interlayer space. The formation of the different phases depends mainly on the pH of the supernatant solution and on the nature of the cation.

Effect of electron irradiation on the Crystallite size, Grain size and Contact angle of electrodeposited Cadmium Telluride thin films

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Gangawane ◽  
V. P. Malekar ◽  
V. J. Fulari
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Cdte Thin Films

In this paper, the effects of electron beam irradiation on the CdTe thin films are studied. The CdTe thin films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and contact angle measurements for different bath concentration. The thin film layers are subjected to irradiation of 6 MeV electrons. Finally the effect of irradiation is correlated to crystal size, grain size and contact angle measurements of the CdTe thin films

Preparation of N, O-Carboxymethyl Chitosan with Different Substitutional Degree and its Application for Hemostasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 1061-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wei Zhao ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Xiang Han ◽  
Jing Guan
Keyword(s):  
Carboxymethyl Chitosan ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ubbelohde Viscometer

We prepared N, O-carboxymethyl chitosans (CMCSs) with different substitutional degrees (SDs) to evaluate their effects of hemostasis, and provided experimental basis on biomedical materials. Chloroethanoic acid was used to synthesize CMCSs. The structure were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD). Potentiometric titration and Ubbelohde viscometer were adopted to determine the SD and intrinsic viscosity of CMCSs. Contact angle measurements were investigated to determine surface wettability. Method of dynamic clotting time and coagulation test in vivo were used to evaluate their effects of hemostasis. SDs of CMCSs were from 50% to 110%. As the SD increased, molecular weight decreased. CMCS powder with SD 63% possessed excellent hemostasis both in vitro and in vivo. CMCS powder owned hemostatic capability prior to CS. CMCS powder with SD 63% (neither too high, nor too low) possessed excellent hemostasis both in vitro and in vivo.

scholarly journals An Investigation on the Effect of Solvent and Heat to Clay Minerals in Shaly Sandstone

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1230
Author(s):  
Wan Zairani Wan Bakar ◽  
Ismail Mohd Saaid ◽  
Mohd Riduan Ahmad ◽  
Husna Hayati Jarni ◽  
Siti Qurratu’ Aini Mahat
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Effect Of Solvent ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Shaly Sand ◽  
Shaly Sandstone ◽  
Scanning Electron

Core cleaning could be complicated for samples that contain a high amount of clays. Some clays are delicate and exposure to solvent and heat would damage or alter its properties. In this study, we investigated the effect of direct exposure of solvent and heat to clay mineral properties based on petrographical data from X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). Experiments were performed on sidewall core samples taken in a shaly sand zone. The FTIR data did not show any changes at the molecular level to the clay mineral after direct contact with the selected solvent. The FESEM images showed some illite floccules collapse in the samples exposed to oven-drying at 60 °C.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Deposition of Thermochromic VO2 Thin Films from Peroxide-based Chemical Solutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Van Zele ◽  
Hannes Rijckaert ◽  
Davy Deduytsche ◽  
Christophe Detavernier ◽  
Isabel Van Driessche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Optical Transmission ◽  
Solar Modulation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Thermochromic Properties ◽  
Chemical Solutions ◽  
Vo2 Thin Films

In this paper, a novel synthesis for a chemical precursor for nanocrystalline VO2 coatings is elaborated. The compatibility of the precursor towards the substrate is optimized for spin coating. This is done by subjecting multiple solvents to contact angle measurements. A suitable thermal treatment is developed to densify the coating and to induce crystallization. Afterwards the microstructure of the coating is investigated using X-Ray diffraction, electron microscopy and ellipsometry techniques. To assess the thermochromic properties of the fabricated device, optical transmission experiments were conducted both at room temperature and at elevated temperature. A correlation between these thermochromic properties and coating thickness was investigated in order to obtain an optimized thermochromic device, where both high visual transparency and prominent thermochromic switching abilities are aimed for. In this work, an optimal coating thickness is proposed for a thermochromic coating with high switching ability and solar modulation.

Surface Treatments of Titanium Alloy for Preparing Laminated Composite Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 1101 ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vladimirovna Sibileva ◽  
Andrey Leonidovich Botanogov ◽  
Nikolay Vadimovich Trofimov ◽  
Ludmila Viktorovna Zaharova
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Adhesive Bond ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Alloy Vt20 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Laminated Composite Material

In this investigation surface treatment of titanium alloy VT20 is carried out by phosphating and anodization in order to increase the adhesive bond strength. The surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), profilometry, contact angle measurements. The joined titanium specimens were shear tested before and after exposure to high humidity to a period of three months.

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