scholarly journals Peanut Cultivar Response to Flumioxazin Applied Preemergence and Imazapic Applied Postemergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Grichar ◽  
P. A. Dotray ◽  
M. R. Baring
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Effect On Yield

Field studies were conducted during 2009 and 2010 in Texas at Yoakum and Lamesa to determine peanut cultivar response to flumioxazin applied preemergence (0.053, 0.107, and 0.214 kg ai ha−1) and imazapic applied postemergence (0.035, 0.071, and 0.141 kg ai ha−1). At Yoakum, two cultivars (Tamrun OL01, Tamrun OL07) were evaluated while at Lamesa, four cultivars (FlavorRunner 458, Tamrun OL01, Tamrun OL02, and Tamrun OL07) were evaluated. In 2009, no stunting was noted at Yoakum with any herbicide regardless of cultivar. At Lamesa, FlavorRunner 458 and Tamrun OL01 were stunted at least 6% with the 0.21 kg ha−1rate of flumioxazin and 6 to 17% with the 0.07 and 0.14 kg ha−1rate of imazapic. Tamrun OL02 was stunted by all rates of flumioxazin (5%) and imazapic (5 to 18%) while Tamrun OL07 was stunted by all rates of flumioxazin (6 to 12%) and imazapic (7 to 15%) with the exception of flumioxazin at 0.05 kg ha−1. Flumioxazin did not have an effect on yield while all imazapic rates reduced yields when compared with the non-treated control. In 2010 at Yoakum, little (<2%) or no herbicide stunting was noted on any cultivar and only imazapic at 0.14 kg ha−1caused significant stunting (7%). No yield differences were noted between herbicides regardless of cultivar. At Lamesa, all cultivars were affected (6 to 9% stunting) by herbicide treatments. No peanut stunting was noted with flumioxazin at 0.05 kg ha−1while imazapic at 0.04 kg ha−1and flumioxazin at 0.11 kg ha−1resulted in 4 and 6% stunting, respectively. Flumioxazin at 0.21 kg ha−1and imazapic at 0.07 kg ha−1resulted in 12% stunting and imazapic at 0.14 kg ha−1stunted peanut 19%. Both Tamrun OL01 and Tamrun OL07 produced lower yields (≤6369 kg ha−1) than FlavorRunner 458 (7252 kg ha−1). Tamrun OL02 yields were intermediate (6889 kg ha−1). Peanut yields from herbicide treatments were not different from the non-treated control.

Weed management in white beans with postemergence herbicide tankmixes

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Robert E. Nurse ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Density And Biomass

Soltani, N., Nurse, R. E. and Sikkema, P. H. 2013. Weed management in white beans with postemergence herbicide tankmixes. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 669–674. Weed control efficacy of cloransulam-methyl, halosulfuron, bentazon, fomesafen and their tankmixes applied post-emergence (POST) for weed management in white bean was evaluated in field studies conducted in four Ontario locations during 2008–2011. Cloransulam-methyl, halosulfuron, bentazon, fomesafen, bentazon plus fomesafen, cloransulam-methyl plus bentazon, cloransulam-methyl plus fomesafen, cloransulam-methyl plus bentazon plus fomesafen, halosulfuron plus bentazon, halosulfuron plus fomesafen, and halosulfuron plus bentazon plus fomesafen caused white bean injury ranging from 1 to 18%. Control for AMARE, AMBEL and CHEAL ranged from 47 to 92%, 66 to 98% and 36 to 91%, respectively, among herbicide treatments. Similar results were observed for weed density and biomass of AMARE, AMBEL, and CHEAL. Cloransulam-methyl, halosulfuron, and cloransulam-methyl plus fomesafen reduced the yield of white bean by 34, 21, and 17%, respectively, compared with the weed-free control. However, bentazon, fomesafen, bentazon plus fomesafen, cloransulam-methyl plus bentazon, cloransulam-methyl plus bentazon plus fomesafen, halosulfuron plus bentazon, halosulfuron plus fomesafen, and halosulfuron plus bentazon plus fomesafen had no adverse effect on yield of white bean. Based on these results, tankmixes of cloransulam-methyl and halosulfuron with bentazon and fomesafen can reduce crop injury and provide control of broadleaf weeds in white bean.

Evaluation of weed control in acetyl coA carboxylase-resistant rice with mixtures of quizalofop and auxinic herbicides

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-505
Author(s):  
Tameka L. Sanders ◽  
Jason A. Bond ◽  
Benjamin H. Lawrence ◽  
Bobby R. Golden ◽  
Thomas W. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
And Control

AbstractRice with enhanced tolerance to herbicides that inhibit acetyl coA carboxylase (ACCase) allows POST application of quizalofop, an ACCase-inhibiting herbicide. Two concurrent field studies were conducted in 2017 and 2018 near Stoneville, MS, to evaluate control of grass (Grass Study) and broadleaf (Broadleaf Study) weeds with sequential applications of quizalofop alone and in mixtures with auxinic herbicides applied in the first or second application. Sequential treatments of quizalofop were applied at 119 g ai ha−1 alone and in mixtures with labeled rates of auxinic herbicides to rice at the two- to three-leaf (EPOST) or four-leaf to one-tiller (LPOST) growth stages. In the Grass Study, no differences in rice injury or control of volunteer rice (‘CL151’ and ‘Rex’) were detected 14 and 28 d after last application (DA-LPOST). Barnyardgrass control at 14 and 28 DA-LPOST with quizalofop applied alone or with auxinic herbicides EPOST was ≥93% for all auxinic herbicide treatments except penoxsulam plus triclopyr. Barnyardgrass control was ≥96% with quizalofop applied alone and with auxinic herbicides LPOST. In the Broadleaf Study, quizalofop plus florpyrauxifen-benzyl controlled more Palmer amaranth 14 DA-LPOST than other mixtures with auxinic herbicides, and control with this treatment was greater EPOST compared with LPOST. Hemp sesbania control 14 DA-LPOST was ≤90% with quizalofop plus quinclorac LPOST, orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST, and triclopyr EPOST or LPOST. All mixtures except quinclorac and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac LPOST controlled ivyleaf morningglory ≥91% 14 DA-LPOST. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl or triclopyr were required for volunteer soybean control >63% 14 DA-LPOST. To optimize barnyardgrass control and rice yield, penoxsulam plus triclopyr and orthosulfamuron plus quinclorac should not be mixed with quizalofop. Quizalofop mixtures with auxinic herbicides are safe and effective for controlling barnyardgrass, volunteer rice, and broadleaf weeds in ACCase-resistant rice, and the choice of herbicide mixture could be adjusted based on weed spectrum in the treated field.

Foliar Penetration and Phytotoxicity of Paraquat as Influenced by Peanut Cultivar1

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wehtje ◽  
J. W. Wilcut ◽  
J. A. McGuire ◽  
T. V. Hicks
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Foliar Absorption ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Peanut Cultivars

Abstract Field studies were conducted over a three year period to examine the sensitivity of four peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (Florunner, Sunrunner, Southern runner, and NC 7) to foliar applications of paraquat (1, 1′-dimethyl-4, 4′-bipyridinium ion). Treatments included an untreated control and four herbicide treatments: paraquat applied alone at 0.14 and 0.28 kg/ha, or tank mixed with alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] at 4.40 kg/ha. Weeds were hand-removed so that only herbicidal treatments were variables. Paraquat phytotoxicity did not differ between cultivars. No cultivar evaluated was abnormally sensitive nor tolerant to any paraquat-containing treatment. Laboratory studies utilizing radio labelled paraquat revealed that foliar absorption and translocation of paraquat did not vary between peanut cultivars. Yield differences were attributed to differences in yield potential between cultivars.

The Influence of Weed Management in Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Stubble on Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays)

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore M. Webster ◽  
John Cardina ◽  
Mark M. Loux
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Giant Ragweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Postharvest Treatment ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Wheat Stubble

The objectives of this study were to determine how the timing of weed management treatments in winter wheat stubble affects weed control the following season and to determine if spring herbicide rates in corn can be reduced with appropriately timed stubble management practices. Field studies were conducted at two sites in Ohio between 1993 and 1995. Wheat stubble treatments consisted of glyphosate (0.84 kg ae/ha) plus 2,4-D (0.48 kg ae/ha) applied in July, August, or September, or at all three timings, and a nontreated control. In the following season, spring herbicide treatments consisted of a full rate of atrazine (1.7 kg ai/ha) plus alachlor (2.8 kg ai/ha) preemergence, a half rate of these herbicides, or no spring herbicide treatment. Across all locations, a postharvest treatment of glyphosate plus 2,4-D followed by alachlor plus atrazine at half or full rates in the spring controlled all broadleaf weeds, except giant ragweed, at least 88%. Giant foxtail control at three locations was at least 83% when a postharvest glyphosate plus 2,4-D treatment was followed by spring applications of alachlor plus atrazine at half or full rates. Weed control in treatments without alachlor plus atrazine was variable, although broadleaf control from July and August glyphosate plus 2,4-D applications was greater than from September applications. Where alachlor and atrazine were not applied, August was generally the best timing of herbicide applications to wheat stubble for reducing weed populations the following season.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Herbicide Programs in Florida Cabbage Production

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Nathan S. Boyd ◽  
Peter J. Dittmar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Significant Problem ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Herbicide Programs

In Florida, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is typically grown without a plastic mulch and as a result, weeds are a significant problem in most fields. Experiments were conducted from Nov. 2015 to Apr. 2016 in Balm, Citra, and Parrish, FL, to evaluate weed control and ‘Bravo’ cabbage tolerance to multiple herbicide programs applied pretransplanting (PRE-T), posttransplanting (POST-T), PRE-T followed by (fb) a sequential application at 3 weeks after transplanting (WATP), and POST-T fb sequential application at 3 WATP. PRE-T herbicide treatments of 277 g a.i./ha clomazone, 280 g a.i./ha oxyfluorfen, and 798 g a.i./ha pendimethalin and POST-T herbicide treatments of 6715 g a.i./ha dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA) were ineffective, and weed control never exceeded 70% in Balm and provided <50% weed control in Citra and Parrish at 6 and 8 WATP, respectively. POST-T applications of napropamide + S-metolachlor at 2242 + 1770 g a.i./ha, DCPA + S-metolachlor at 6715 + 1170 g a.i./ha, and S-metolachlor POST-T fb clopyralid at 1170 g a.i./ha fb 210 g ae/ha were the most effective herbicide treatments and consistently provided >70% weed control. In addition, results showed that all of the herbicide treatments evaluated except the PRE application of clomazone at 277 g a.i./ha are safe for cabbage with no adverse effect on yield.

Response of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and Imidazolinone-Resistant Corn (Zea mays) to AC 263,222

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John S. Richburg ◽  
F. Robert Walls
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Ac 263,222 ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field studies were conducted in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate AC 263,222 applied postemergence (POST) alone and as a mixture with atrazine or bentazon for weed control in imidazolinone-resistant corn. Nicosulfuron alone and nicosulfuron plus atrazine were also evaluated. Herbicide treatments were applied following surface-banded applications of two insecticides, carbofuran or terbufos at planting. Crop sensitivity to POST herbicides, corn yield, and weed control was not affected by insecticide treatments. AC 263,222 at 36 and 72 g ai/ha controlled rhizomatous johnsongrass 88 and 99%, respectively, which was equivalent to nicosulfuron applied alone or with atrazine. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled large crabgrass 99% and redroot pigweed 100%, and this level of control exceeded that obtained with nicosulfuron alone. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled sicklepod and morningglory species 99 and 98%, respectively. Nicosulfuron alone or with atrazine controlled these two species less than AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha. Addition of bentazon or atrazine to AC 263,222 did not improve control of any species compared with the higher rate of AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha applied alone. Corn yield increased over the untreated control when POST herbicide(s) were applied, but there were no differences in yield among herbicide treatments.

Integration of residual herbicides with cover crop termination in soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Whalen ◽  
Lovreet S. Shergill ◽  
Lyle P. Kinne ◽  
Mandy D. Bish ◽  
Kevin W. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Residual Herbicide ◽  
Herbicide Programs

AbstractCover crops have increased in popularity in midwestern U.S. corn and soybean systems in recent years. However, little research has been conducted to evaluate how cover crops and residual herbicides are effectively integrated together for weed control in a soybean production system. Field studies were conducted in 2016 and 2017 to evaluate summer annual weed control and to determine the effect of cover crop biomass on residual herbicide reaching the soil. The herbicide treatments consisted of preplant (PP) applications of glyphosate plus 2,4-D with or without sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron at two different timings, 21 and 7 d prior to soybean planting (DPP). Cover crops evaluated included winter vetch, cereal rye, Italian ryegrass, oat, Austrian winter pea, winter wheat, and a winter vetch plus cereal rye mixture. Herbicide treatments were applied to tilled and nontilled soil without cover crop for comparison. The tillage treatment resulted in low weed biomass at all collection intervals after both application timings, which corresponded to tilled soil having the highest sulfentrazone concentration (171 ng g−1) compared with all cover crop treatments. When applied PP, herbicide treatments applied 21 DPP with sulfentrazone had greater weed (93%) and waterhemp (89%) control than when applied 7 DPP (60% and 69%, respectively). When applied POST, herbicide treatments with a residual herbicide resulted in greater weed and waterhemp control at 7 DPP (83% and 77%, respectively) than at 21 DPP (74% and 61%, respectively). Herbicide programs that included a residual herbicide had the highest soybean yields (≥3,403 kg ha−1). Results from this study indicate that residual herbicides can be effectively integrated either PP or POST in conjunction with cover crop termination applications, but termination timing and biomass accumulation will affect the amount of sulfentrazone reaching the soil.

Volunteer Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Interference in Canola (Brassica campestrisandB. napus)

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. O'Donovan ◽  
Arvind K. Sharma ◽  
Ken J. Kirkland ◽  
E. Ann De St. Remy
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Financial Losses ◽  
Barley Crop

The yield potential and the effect on yield loss of canola of different densities of volunteer barley were investigated at three locations in western Canada. Field studies were conducted from 1982 to 1986. Rectangular hyperbolic models based on data pooled over years, locations, and canola cultivars, and incorporating different densities of volunteer barley and canola accurately portrayed field responses in most instances. Results indicated that volunteer barley severely reduced canola yield. However, financial losses due to reduced canola yield were partly offset by the volunteer barley crop.

Weed Control Economics in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) with Napropamide and Hand Weeding

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thomas Lanini ◽  
Michelle Le Strange
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Weed Cover ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Time Required

Field studies were conducted in 1990 and 1991 at Davis and Five Points, CA to evaluate weed control with napropamide and hand-weeding and the effect on yield and profitability in transplanted bell pepper. Weed cover 8 wk after transplanting averaged less than 10% in plots hand-weeded biweekly for 6 wk after transplanting. Weed cover at harvest was less than 30% in plots hand-weeded at 8 wk after transplanting. Napropamide treatment reduced weed cover at 8 wk after transplanting an average of 34% compared to untreated plots, but differences declined to 14% at harvest. Time required to hand-weed plots was greater if the interval between weeding was 4 instead of 2 wk. The time needed to hand-weed plots was reduced from 38% to 71% by napropamide treatment. When weeds were excluded by hand-weeding for the entire season, bell pepper yielded 25 810 kg/ha and was 4% to 18% higher than other treatments. Net returns were greater for plots that were hand-weeded the entire season or when napropamide was combined with hand-weeding at 4 and 8 wk after transplanting, compared to other treatments.

Weed control with reduced rates of imazaquin and imazethapyr in no-till narrow-row soybean (Glycine max)

Weed Science ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
William G. Johnson ◽  
Jeffrey S. Dilbeck ◽  
Michael S. DeFelice ◽  
J. Andrew Kendig
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
No Till ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Narrow Row

Field studies were conducted at three locations in 1993 and 1994 to evaluate weed control and crop response to metolachlor plus combinations of 0.5 × and 1 × label rates of imazaquin applied preplant and imazethapyr applied early postemergence or postemergence in no-till narrow-row soybean production. Giant foxtail, common ragweed, common cocklebur, and large crabgrass population reductions were greater with sequential preplant metolachlor plus imazaquin followed by early postemergence or postemergence imazethapyr than with preplant metolachlor plus imazaquin or early postemergence/postemergence imazethapyr alone. Ivyleaf morningglory was not effectively controlled by any herbicide program. Pennsylvania smartweed populations were reduced with all herbicide treatments. Soybean yields with treatments utilizing 0.5 × rates were usually equal to 1 × rates if imazethapyr was applied early postemergence or postemergence. Net income with reduced herbicide rates was equal to full-label rates and provided no greater risk to net income.

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