scholarly journals MRMPath and MRMutation, Facilitating Discovery of Mass Transitions for Proteotypic Peptides in Biological Pathways Using a Bioinformatics Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiquito Crasto ◽  
Chandrahas Narne ◽  
Mikako Kawai ◽  
Landon Wilson ◽  
Stephen Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Pathways ◽  
Charge Ratio ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Uniprotkb Database ◽  
Bioinformatics Software ◽  
Product Ions ◽  
Available Information

Quantitative proteomics applications in mass spectrometry depend on the knowledge of the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values of proteotypic peptides for the proteins under study and their product ions. MRMPath and MRMutation, web-based bioinformatics software that are platform independent, facilitate the recovery of this information by biologists. MRMPath utilizes publicly available information related to biological pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. All the proteins involved in pathways of interest are recovered and processed in silico to extract information relevant to quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Peptides may also be subjected to automated BLAST analysis to determine whether they are proteotypic. MRMutation catalogs and makes available, following processing, known (mutant) variants of proteins from the current UniProtKB database. All these results, available via the web from well-maintained, public databases, are written to an Excel spreadsheet, which the user can download and save. MRMPath and MRMutation can be freely accessed. As a system that seeks to allow two or more resources to interoperate, MRMPath represents an advance in bioinformatics tool development. As a practical matter, the MRMPath automated approach represents significant time savings to researchers.

scholarly journals Effect of Ocular Hypertension on D-β-Aspartic Acid-Containing Proteins in the Retinas of Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kanamoto ◽  
Takashi Tachibana ◽  
Yasushi Kitaoka ◽  
Toshio Hisatomi ◽  
Yasuhiro Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ocular Hypertension ◽  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Sds Page

Purpose. To investigate the effect of ocular hypertension-induced isomerization of aspartic acid in retinal proteins. Methods. Adult Wistar rats with ocular hypertension were used as an experimental model. D-β-aspartic acid-containing proteins were isolated by SDS-PAGE and western blot with an anti-D-β-aspartic acid antibody and identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The concentration of ATP was measured by ELISA. Results. D-β-aspartic acid was expressed in a protein band at around 44.5 kDa at much higher quantities in the retinas of rats with ocular hypertension than in those of normotensive rats. The 44.5 kDa protein band was mainly composed of α-enolase, S-arrestin, and ATP synthase subunits α and β, in both the ocular hypertensive and normotensive retinas. Moreover, increasing intraocular pressure was correlated with increasing ATP concentrations in the retinas of rats. Conclusion. Ocular hypertension affected the expression of proteins containing D-β-aspartic acid, including ATP synthase subunits, and up-regulation of ATP in the retinas of rats.

scholarly journals N-Terminomics Strategies for Protease Substrates Profiling

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4699
Author(s):  
Mubashir Mintoo ◽  
Amritangshu Chakravarty ◽  
Ronak Tilvawala
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Biological Mixtures

Proteases play a central role in various biochemical pathways catalyzing and regulating key biological events. Proteases catalyze an irreversible post-translational modification called proteolysis by hydrolyzing peptide bonds in proteins. Given the destructive potential of proteolysis, protease activity is tightly regulated. Dysregulation of protease activity has been reported in numerous disease conditions, including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, and viral infections. The proteolytic profile of a cell, tissue, or organ is governed by protease activation, activity, and substrate specificity. Thus, identifying protease substrates and proteolytic events under physiological conditions can provide crucial information about how the change in protease regulation can alter the cellular proteolytic landscape. In recent years, mass spectrometry-based techniques called N-terminomics have become instrumental in identifying protease substrates from complex biological mixtures. N-terminomics employs the labeling and enrichment of native and neo-N-termini peptides, generated upon proteolysis followed by mass spectrometry analysis allowing protease substrate profiling directly from biological samples. In this review, we provide a brief overview of N-terminomics techniques, focusing on their strengths, weaknesses, limitations, and providing specific examples where they were successfully employed to identify protease substrates in vivo and under physiological conditions. In addition, we explore the current trends in the protease field and the potential for future developments.

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