Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity ofCitrus latifoliaTanaka Essential Oil and Limonene in Experimental Mouse Models

The genusCitrus(Rutaceae) includes several species of plants that produce some of the most cultivated fruits in the world, providing an appreciable content of essential oil. In folk medicine, they are used as a cholagogue, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, sedative, and antitoxic effects. Lemon essential oil has been used since ancient times for its antiseptic, carminative, diuretic, and eupeptic effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity ofCitrus latifoliaTanaka essential oil (CLEO) and its main constituent LIM. In the cell viability assay, CLEO and LIM (3, 10, 30, and 90 μg/mL) had low cytotoxicity. In zymosan-induced peritonitis, LIM (500 mg/kg) decreased the infiltration of peritoneal exudate leukocytes and decreased the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes.In vitrochemotaxis revealed that CLEO and LIM (1, 3, and 10 µg/mL) promoted a significant reduction of neutrophil migration toward fMLP and LTB4. LIM (500 mg/kg) also reduced TNF-αlevels but did not alter IL-10 levels in the peritoneal exudate. In conclusion, this study showed that LIM isolated from CLEO had potential anti-inflammatory effects, likely by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators present in inflammatory exudate and leukocyte chemotaxis.

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Exploring the phytochemical and nutraceutical potentials of dasapatrachurnam

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2018-0233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rasajna Nadella ◽

Daniel Hernandez-Baltazar ◽

John Sushma Nannepaga ◽

Balamani Venkata Annapurna Gorthi ◽

Daniel Martinez-Fong

Keyword(s):

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Bacteriostatic Activity ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Green Leafy Vegetables ◽

Viability Assay ◽

Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBackgroundDasapatrachurnam (DPC), a multicurative powder prepared from the leaves of 10 green leafy vegetables, was developed recently with known ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological significance. However, its functional role in curing a disease is not yet scientifically proven. The present study aims at performing the phytochemical screening of DPC and exploring its possible activity as bacteriostatic, antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory.MethodsWe performed qualitative and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to find out the presence of active compounds and tested the bacteriostatic activity in four bacterial strains namely Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus by agar well diffusion method. We further explored the antineoplastic activity in vitro in C6 and HEK293 cell lines by cell viability assay and the anti-inflammatory activity in the ovalbumin-induced inflammation in male Wistar rats.ResultsDPC showed 60% solubility in PBS and showed the presence of flavonoids and glycosides. FTIR results indicated the presence of alkyl, ketone and aldehyde groups. The bacteriostatic activity of DPC was higher (60%) in E.coli and lower (8%) in S.aureus, when compared to streptomycin. The anti-cancerous activity of DPC in C6 and HEK293 cancer cells was similar to their respective positive controls, curcumin and camptothecin. The anti-inflammatory activity of DPC was more evident with local administration in all the parameters studied in brain hippocampus, kidney, liver and spleen in ovalbumin-induced rats.ConclusionOur results, for the first time, suggest the potentiality of the DPC in treating bacterial diseases, cancer and also inflammation. Our results also suggest the possible therapeutic role of DPC in treating chronic kidney disease.

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Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calyces from Physalis peruviana

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1400901111 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Reina M. Toro ◽

Diana M. Aragón ◽

Luis F. Ospina ◽

Freddy A. Ramos ◽

Leonardo Castellanos

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Physalis Peruviana ◽

Edema Model ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Bio Assay

Physalis peruviana calyces are used extensively in folk medicine. The crude ethanolic extract and some fractions of calyces were evaluated in order to explore antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the TPA-induced ear edema model. The antioxidant in vitro activity was measured by means of the superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions. The butanolic fraction was found to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, a bio-assay guided approach was employed to isolate and identify rutin (1) and nicotoflorin (2) from their NMR spectroscopic and MS data. The identification of rutin in calyces of P. peruviana supports the possible use of this waste material for phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.

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Pharmacognostical Standardization, Isolation of Phytoconstituents (β-sitosterol), HPTLC analysis of extracts of Operculina turpethum (Linn.) roots and evaluation of cytotoxic, in vitro & in vivo anti-inflammatory activities

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178618666210413143914 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Akash Ved ◽

Shweta Gupta ◽

Namrata Singh ◽

Karuna S. Shukla ◽

Om Prakash ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Column Chromatography ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Edema Formation ◽

Egg Albumin ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background: Operculina turpethum (Linn.) Silva Manso, family- convolvulaceae, is an important plant in Indian conventional system of medicine which is extensively employed by different tribes in many countries to cure edema and painful conditions like arthritis, back pain; hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, liver disorders, skin disorders and to regulate bowel functions. Objective: The roots of O. turpethum (Linn.) was subjected to physicochemical, phytochemical standardization, the chromatographic separation which was accomplished by column chromatography, TLC, and HPTLC, further, the acute toxicity, cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of Operculina turpethum roots were estimated by in vivo and in vitro models. Materials and Methods: This study includes percentage yield of extraction, organoleptic evaluation along with the analysis of its physicochemical investigations & preliminary phytochemical estimation. The isolation of active phytoconstituents was done by column chromatography, and the isolated compound was then exposed to TLC and HPTLC analysis. Cytotoxic activity was tested by WST-1 based cell viability assay on HepG2 cells. Anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract (ME) was evaluated against inflammation occur by both in vitro and in vivo method. Results: The methanolic extract exhibited the presence of most of the phytoconstituents out of all the extracts, the phytoconstituent phytosterol, i.e., β-sitosterol was isolated by column chromatography, identified and quantified by TLC and HPTLC, which is liable for anti-inflammatory activity. The amount of β-sitosterol was estimated to be 14.09 µg in 10.00 mg fraction of MEOT. MEOT is devoid of toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg in Wistar albino rats. It was analysed that in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of MEOT by egg albumin denaturation method exhibited a incredible decrement in turbidity and increasing the percentage inhibition of albumin denaturation (60.52%) in MEOT treated group as compared with control group. In egg albumin-induced edema in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg reduced the edema formation (3.03 ± 0.02) induced by egg albumin at 4th h. In cotton pellet-induced granuloma in rats, MEOT at the dose of 400 mg/kg displayed maximum granuloma inhibition (51.06%) which is similar to that of indomethacin. Conclusion: From the obtained findings it is confirmed that O. turpethum contains β-sitosterol which is responsible for potent anti-inflammatory activity without causing cytotoxicity to the plant. The results suggested that ME of O. turpethum roots had high potential for application as an anti-inflammatory agent. The recognization and confirmation of the plant can be obtaineded from the study and will present data which is aidful in determining the quality and purity of a crude drug which further helps in preventing its adulteration.

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Veronicastrum axillare Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Suppression of Proinflammatory Mediators and Downregulation of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2016/7934049 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Quanxin Ma ◽

Kai Wang ◽

Qinqin Yang ◽

Shun Ping ◽

Weichun Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Lung Injury ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Signaling Pathway ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Proinflammatory Mediators ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Veronicastrum axillare is a traditional medical plant in China which is widely used in folk medicine due to its versatile biological activities, especially for its anti-inflammatory effects. However, the detailed mechanism underlying this action is not clear. Here, we studied the protective effects of V. axillare against acute lung injury (ALI), and we further explored the pharmacological mechanisms of this action. We found that pretreatment with V. axillare suppressed the release of proinflammatory cytokines in the serum of ALI mice. Histological analysis of lung tissue demonstrated that V. axillare inhibited LPS-induced lung injury, improved lung morphology, and reduced the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the lungs. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory actions of V. axillare were investigated in vitro. We observed that V. axillare suppressed the mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in RAW264.7 cells challenged with LPS. Furthermore, pretreatment of V. axillare in vitro reduced the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB-α which is activated by LPS. In conclusion, our data firstly demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effects of V. axillare against ALI were achieved through downregulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing the production of inflammatory mediators.

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Anti-inflammatory activity of nanoemulsions of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis L.: in vitro and in zebrafish studies

Inflammopharmacology ◽

10.1007/s10787-017-0438-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 1057-1080 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Raphaelle Sousa Borges ◽

Hady Keita ◽

Brenda Lorena Sánchez Ortiz ◽

Tafnis Ingret dos Santos Sampaio ◽

Irlon Maciel Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis L

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Lichens as a source of chemical compounds with anti-inflammatory activity

Herba Polonica ◽

10.2478/hepo-2018-0005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 56-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elżbieta Studzińska-Sroka ◽

Adrianna Dubino

Keyword(s):

Animal Studies ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Medicinal Substances ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Biological Actions

SummarySymptoms of inflammation accompany a number of diseases. In order to mitigate them, folk medicine has used a variety of medicinal substances, including herbs and mushrooms. Lichens are less known organisms, containing specific secondary metabolites with interesting biological properties. One of their biological actions is the anti-inflammatory activity that has been confirmed byin vitroand animal studies. It has been proven that compounds and extracts from lichens inhibit the enzymes involved in the inflammatory process. The following paper is a review of research on the little-known anti-inflammatory properties of lichens.

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Anxiolytic-like effect of Citrus limon (L.) Burm f. essential oil inhalation on mice

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais ◽

10.1590/1983-084x/15_047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 96-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.D.M. VIANA ◽

R.M. CARDOSO ◽

N.K.G.T. SILVA ◽

M.A.P. FALCÃO ◽

A.C.S. VIEIRA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Anxiolytic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Citrus Limon ◽

Cell Viability Assay ◽

Viability Assay ◽

Animal Models Of Anxiety

ABSTRACT Experimental in vivo study aimed to characterize the anxiolytic-like effect of the Citrus limon fruit peel’s essential oil (CLEO) in animal models of anxiety, besides evaluating the viability J774.A1 cells in vitro through the MTT reduction method at the concentrations of 10 and 100 µg/mL. The anxiolytic behavior was evaluated in Swiss mice (n = 8) using the methodology of Elevated Plus-Maze (EPM) and Open-Field (OF). CLEO was tested by inhalation at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 µL, and as control, animals were subjected to inhalation of the vehicle (saline solution 0.9% + Tween80®) and intraperitoneal administration of diazepam (1.5 mg/kg). In the cell viability assay, it was observed that none of the concentrations showed cytotoxicity. OF test showed significant anxiolytic activity at all tested doses of OECL, compared to the control group, without changing the motor performance of the animals. Corroborating OF data, the EPM test confirmed anxiolytic activity in at least two doses of the tested oil (200 and 400 µL), justified by the number of entries and increase in the percentage of time in the open arms. The data analysis of this study evidenced that inhalation of OECL was able to induce an anxiolytic behavior in mice; however, further studies are required to ensure its safe use by the population.

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Topical Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Essential Oils of Alpinia calcarata Rosc., Its Main Constituents, and Possible Mechanism of Action

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/2035671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Madhuvanthi Chandrakanthan ◽

Shiroma M. Handunnetti ◽

Galbada Sirimal Arachchige Premakumara ◽

Selvaluxmy Kathirgamanathar

Keyword(s):

Skin Inflammation ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Proinflammatory Mediators ◽

Mouse Ear ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Dose Dependent ◽

Topical Analgesic

This study aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory potential of essential oil from rhizome and leaf of Alpinia calcarata Rosc. (ACEO) with the focus of its topical anti-inflammatory activity along with its dominant compounds 1,8-cineole and α-terpineol using mouse ear edema model. ACEOs were analyzed by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by studying the inhibition of overproduction of proinflammatory mediators—nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, prostaglandins, cyclooxygenases, and cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharides in murine macrophages. Topical anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activity was studied by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) induced skin inflammation and formalin-induced pain model in mice, respectively. Rhizome oil has 1,8-cineole (31.08%), α-terpineol (10.31%), and fenchyl acetate (10.73%) as major compounds whereas the ACEO from leaves has 1,8-cineole (38.45%), a-terpineol (11.62%), and camphor (10%). ACEOs reduced the production of inflammatory mediators in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, ACEO and its major compounds reduced ear thickness, weight, myeloperoxidase, and cytokines significantly (p<0.01) in mouse ear. Dose-dependent reduction in flinching and licking in both the phases of pain sensation concludes the topical analgesic effect. Our findings suggest the potency of topical use of ACEOs for inflammatory disease conditions.

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Essential oil composition and in vitro antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity of South African Vitex species

South African Journal of Botany ◽

10.1016/s0254-6299(15)30199-x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 611-617 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

E. Nyiligira ◽

A.M. Viljoen ◽

K.H.C. Başer ◽

T. Õzek ◽

S.F. van Vuuren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

South African ◽

Essential Oil Composition ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Oil Composition ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Vitex Species

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Biochemical properties and in vitro biological activities of extracts from seven folk medicinal plants growing wild in southern Tunisia

10.1101/551515 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Hajer Tlili ◽

Najjaa Hanen ◽

Abdelkerim Ben Arfa ◽

Mohamed Neffati ◽

Abdelbasset Boubakri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Proliferative Activity ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Tumour Cell Line ◽

Marrubium Vulgare ◽

Anti Inflammatory

ABSTRACTRecently, much attention has been paid to the extracts obtained from plant species in order to analyse their biological activities. Due to the climate diversity in Tunisia, the traditional pharmacopoeia consists of a wide arsenal of medicinal plant species since long used in folk medicine, in foods as spices, and in aromatherapy. Although many of these species are nearly facing extinction, only a small proportion of them have been scientifically studied. Therefore, this study explores the biochemical properties of seven spontaneous plants, which were harvested in the arid Tunisian desert: Marrubium vulgare L., Rhus tripartita (Ucria) D.C., Thymelaea hirsute (L.) Endl., Plantago ovata Forsk., Herniaria fontanesii J. Gay., Ziziphus lotus and Hyoscyamus albus. Extracts from these plants were found to contain different types of secondary metabolites (polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, crude saponins, carotenoids and alkaloids) that are involved in important biological activities. The biological activity of the extracts obtained from each Tunisian plant was assessed: first of all, leukaemia and colon cancer cell lines (K-562 and CaCo-2 respectively) were treated with different concentrations of extracts, and then the anti-proliferative activity was observed. The results showed, in particular, how the plant extract from Rhus tripartita significantly inhibits cell proliferation, especially on the K-562 tumour cell line. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory activity was also assessed, and the results showed that Herniaria fontanesii and Marrubium vulgare possess the highest activity in the group of analysed plants. Finally, the greatest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect was exhibited by the extract obtained from Rhus tripartita.In conclusion, all the Tunisian plants we analysed were shown to contain a remarkable amount of different bio-active compounds, thus confirming their involvement in several biological activities. Rhus tripartita and Ziziphus lotus were shown to be particularly effective in anti-proliferative activity, while Herniaria fontanesii were shown to have the best anti-inflammatory activity.

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