scholarly journals Screening for Bioactive Metabolites in Plant Extracts Modulating Glucose Uptake and Fat Accumulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rime B. El-Houri ◽  
Dorota Kotowska ◽  
Louise C. B. Olsen ◽  
Sumangala Bhattacharya ◽  
Lars P. Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Screening Platform

Dichloromethane and methanol extracts of seven different food and medicinal plants were tested in a screening platform for identification of extracts with potential bioactivity related to insulin-dependent glucose uptake and fat accumulation. The screening platform included a series ofin vitrobioassays, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ-mediated transactivation, adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cell cultures, and glucose uptake in both 3T3-L1 adipocytes and primary porcine myotubes, as well as onein vivobioassay, fat accumulation in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans. We found that dichloromethane extracts of aerial parts of golden root (Rhodiola rosea) and common elder (Sambucus nigra) as well as the dichloromethane extracts of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and carrot (Daucus carota) were able to stimulate insulin-dependent glucose uptake in both adipocytes and myotubes while weekly activating PPARγwithout promoting adipocyte differentiation. In addition, these extracts were able to decrease fat accumulation inC. elegans. Methanol extracts of summer savory (Satureja hortensis), common elder, and broccoli (Brassica oleracea) enhanced glucose uptake in myotubes but were not able to activate PPARγ, indicating a PPARγ-independent effect on glucose uptake.

Beneficial effects of carrots (Daucus carota) on adipocyte differentiation, glucose uptake, and fat accumulation

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Christensen ◽  
D Kotowska ◽  
L Olsen ◽  
S Bhattacharya ◽  
X Fretté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Suppression of PPAR-γ attenuates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake by affecting both GLUT1 and GLUT4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (1) ◽  
pp. E219-E227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liao ◽  
M. T. Audrey Nguyen ◽  
Takeshi Yoshizaki ◽  
Svetlana Favelyukis ◽  
David Patsouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Interfering Rna

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) plays a critical role in regulating insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we identified highly efficient small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences and used lentiviral short hairpin RNA and electroporation of siRNAs to deplete PPAR-γ from 3T3-L1 adipocytes to elucidate its role in adipogenesis and insulin signaling. We show that PPAR-γ knockdown prevented adipocyte differentiation but was not required for maintenance of the adipocyte differentiation state after the cells had undergone adipogenesis. We further demonstrate that PPAR-γ suppression reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake without affecting the early insulin signaling steps in the adipocytes. Using dual siRNA strategies, we show that this effect of PPAR-γ deletion was mediated by both GLUT4 and GLUT1. Interestingly, PPAR-γ-depleted cells displayed enhanced inflammatory responses to TNF-α stimulation, consistent with a chronic anti-inflammatory effect of endogenous PPAR-γ. In summary, 1) PPAR-γ is essential for the process of adipocyte differentiation but is less necessary for maintenance of the differentiated state, 2) PPAR-γ supports normal insulin-stimulated glucose transport, and 3) endogenous PPAR-γ may play a role in suppression of the inflammatory pathway in 3T3-L1 cells.

scholarly journals Effect of Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit on improving regulation of methylglyoxal-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Chi Chen ◽  
Yu-Tang Tung ◽  
Sheng-Yi Chen ◽  
Jer-An Lin ◽  
Gow-Chin Yen
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Tyrosine Phosphatase ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Increase Glucose Uptake

The increasing methylglyoxal (MG) level of body has been found in people with obesity and insulin resistance, resulting from their dietary style and abnormal metabolic functions. MG promotes inflammation, oxidative stress, glycation, and all of which are closely related to insulin resistance and chronic diseases. Phyllanthus emblica L. fruit has various bioactivities such as anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, anti-nonalcoholic fatty liver, and anti-dyslipidemia. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of water extract of P. emblica (WEPE) and its enriched compound, ellagic acid, on MG-induced inflammation, insulin resistance, and lipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The results showed that MG activated the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and CCAAT/ enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), which can increase adipogenesis in adipocytes. In addition, MG enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 protein expression and release through the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway, as well as increasing the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression to cause macrophage infiltration. MG also significantly reduced glucose uptake, indicating that insulin resistance in obese patients may be related to MG generation. WEPE and ellagic acid effectively decreased IL-6 protein expression and cytokine release through inactivation of JNK and p65 pathways. WEPE and ellagic acid significantly increased glucose uptake and reduced insulin resistance by MG treatment. WEPE also decreased the protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B to reduce insulin resistance and inhibited MG-induced fat accumulation related proteins such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, FAS, and p-ACC. Therefore, WEPE may have the potential to ameliorate MG-induced inflammation, increase glucose uptake, and decrease fat accumulation.

In vitro Studies on Antidiabetic Potential of New Dosage Forms of AYUSH 82

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
M Setia ◽  
K Meena ◽  
A Madaan ◽  
Kartar S Dhiman ◽  
JLN Sastry
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
C2c12 Myotubes ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Central Council ◽  
Insulin Dependent

ABSTRACT AYUSH 82 powder is an Ayurvedic antidiabetic formulation developed by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India. It comprises ingredients traditionally used for their beneficial effect in diabetes (Prameha/Madhumeha). The hypoglycemic effects of AYUSH 82 powder have been reported in diabetic subjects. In the current study, the antidiabetic potential of AYUSH 82 powder along with its two new dosage forms – AYUSH 82 mixture extract and AYUSH 82 compound extract- was investigated in vitro for elucidating mechanism of their action by possible α-amylase inhibitory property, insulin-dependent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cell line (C2C12 myotubes), and effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) activity. All the three dosage forms of AYUSH 82 – powder, mixture extract, and compound extract – exhibited inhibition of α-amylase activity. AYUSH 82 mixture extract, however, demonstrated highest extent of inhibition in both methanolic (87.4%) and aqueous (48.2%) format. All the three dosage forms of AYUSH 82 also demonstrated an increase in insulin-dependent glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes as compared with control. However, none of the test items (TIs) exhibited activation of PPAR-γ expression in tested ranges, indicating that antidiabetic potential of TIs may not be mediated via PPAR-γ activation. Results indicated that the new dosage forms of AYUSH 82 (mixture extract and compound extract) may be useful for making new dosage forms of AYUSH 82 as tablets/capsule, etc. How to cite this article Setia M, Meena K, Madaan A, Srikanth N, Dhiman KS, Sastry JLN. In vitro Studies on Antidiabetic Potential of New Dosage Forms of AYUSH 82. J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017;2(1):1-9.

Chrysanthemum Promotes Adipocyte Differentiation, Adiponectin Secretion and Glucose Uptake

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (02) ◽  
pp. 255-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpei Yamamoto ◽  
Takumi Yamane ◽  
Yuichi Oishi ◽  
Makoto Shimizu ◽  
Miki Tadaishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Adipocyte Differentiation ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Pparγ Expression

The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, and its endocrine function is closely related to type 2 diabetes. Edible Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (ECM) possesses several biological properties; however, its effect on adipocytes remains unclear. We investigated the effect of the hot water extract of ECM (HW-ECM) on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. HW-ECM enhanced adipocyte differentiation, adiponectin secretion, and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells. It also increased the mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a regulator of adipocyte differentiation, adiponectin transcription, and GLUT4 expression. In addition, HW-ECM increased the mRNA levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-delta (C/EBPδ), which induces PPARγ expression, but not C/EBPβ, during early adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that HW-ECM enhances adipocyte differentiation, adiponectin secretion, and glucose uptake through C/EBPδ-induced PPARγ expression. These effects of HW-ECM on adipocytes suggest that HW-ECM is potentially beneficial for type 2 diabetes.

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