scholarly journals Apathy and Emotion-Based Decision-Making in Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Bayard ◽  
Jean-Pierre Jacus ◽  
Stéphane Raffard ◽  
Marie-Christine Gely-Nargeot
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Feedback Processing ◽  
The Impact

Background. Apathy and reduced emotion-based decision-making are two behavioral modifications independently described in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).Objectives. The aims of this study were to investigate decision-making based on emotional feedback processing in AD and aMCI and to study the impact of reduced decision-making performances on apathy.Methods. We recruited 20 patients with AD, 20 participants with aMCI, and 20 healthy controls. All participants completed the Lille apathy rating scale (LARS) and the Iowa gambling task (IGT).Results. Both aMCI and AD participants had reduced performances on the IGT and were more apathetic compared to controls without any difference between aMCI and AD groups. For the entire sample, LARS initiation dimension was related to IGT disadvantageous decision-making profile.Conclusions. We provide the first study showing that both aMCI and AD individuals make less profitable decisions than controls, whereas aMCI and AD did not differ. Disadvantageous decision-making profile on the IGT was associated with higher level of apathy on the action initiation dimension. The role of an abnormal IGT performance as a risk factor for the development of apathy needs to be investigated in other clinical populations and in normal aging.

Associations Between Amyloid and Tau Pathology, and Connectome Alterations, in Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Josh King-Robson ◽  
Heather Wilson ◽  
Marios Politis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Diffusion Tractography ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Background: The roles of amyloid-β and tau in the degenerative process of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remain uncertain. [18F]AV-45 and [18F]AV-1451 PET quantify amyloid-β and tau pathology, respectively, while diffusion tractography enables detection of their microstructural consequences. Objective: Examine the impact of amyloid-β and tau pathology on the structural connectome and cognition, in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. Methods: Combined [18F]AV-45 and [18F]AV-1451 PET, diffusion tractography, and cognitive assessment in 28 controls, 32 MCI, and 26 AD patients. Results: Hippocampal connectivity was reduced to the thalami, right lateral orbitofrontal, and right amygdala in MCI; alongside the insula, posterior cingulate, right entorhinal, and numerous cortical regions in AD (all p <  0.05). Hippocampal strength inversely correlated with [18F]AV-1451 SUVr in MCI (r = –0.55, p = 0.049) and AD (r = –0.57, p = 0.046), while reductions in hippocampal connectivity to ipsilateral brain regions correlated with increased [18F]AV-45 SUVr in those same regions in MCI (r = –0.33, p = 0.003) and AD (r = –0.31, p = 0.006). Cognitive scores correlated with connectivity of the right temporal pole in MCI (r = –0.60, p = 0.035) and left hippocampus in AD (r = 0.69, p = 0.024). Clinical Dementia Rating Scale scores correlated with [18F]AV-1451 SUVr in multiple areas reflecting Braak stages I-IV, including the right (r = 0.65, p = 0.004) entorhinal cortex in MCI; and Braak stages III-VI, including the right (r = 0.062, p = 0.009) parahippocampal gyrus in AD. Conclusion: Reductions in hippocampal connectivity predominate in the AD connectome, correlating with hippocampal tau in MCI and AD, and with amyloid-β in the target regions of those connections. Cognitive scores correlate with microstructural changes and reflect the accumulation of tau pathology.

scholarly journals The Role of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors in Maintaining Cognitive Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie E. Marchand ◽  
Majken K. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Global Population

Concern over loss of cognitive function, including descent into Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, grips a growing percentage of men and women worldwide as the global population ages. Many studies, though not all, suggest that maintaining cognitive health, as well as slowing and even preventing cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease, can be achieved by consuming healthy diets over a long enough period of time. This appears to be the case even for those who initiated dietary changes later in life, as evidenced by an intervention study assessing consumption of a healthy diet among those who were >50 years of age. All such diets share the common traits of being rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish or seafood, while also being low in red meat and sweets. A Mediterranean-style diet shares these characteristics and has been associated with an estimated 40% lower risk of cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease in prospective studies, in addition to being associated with both a 65% lower risk of mild cognitive impairment and improved cognitive performance in a notable randomized controlled trial.

Potential Role of Diffusion Tensor MRI in the Differential Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (5) ◽  
pp. 1369-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella B. Parente ◽  
Emerson L. Gasparetto ◽  
Luiz Celso Hygino da Cruz ◽  
Roberto Cortes Domingues ◽  
Ana Célia Baptista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Mri

Spanish version of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale-2 for early detection of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina Boycheva ◽  
Israel Contador ◽  
Bernardino Fernández-Calvo ◽  
Francisco Ramos-Campos ◽  
Verónica Puertas-Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Spanish Version ◽  
Mattis Dementia Rating Scale ◽  
Dementia Rating Scale

scholarly journals Eigenvector alignment: assessing functional network changes in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruaridh Clark ◽  
Niia Nikolova ◽  
William J. McGeown ◽  
Malcolm Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
The Impact

AbstractEigenvector alignment, introduced herein to investigate human brain functional networks, is adapted from methods developed to detect influential nodes and communities in networked systems. It is used to identify differences in the brain networks of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) and healthy controls (HC). Well-established methods exist for analysing connectivity networks composed of brain regions, including the widespread use of centrality metrics such as eigenvector centrality. However, these metrics provide only limited information on the relationship between regions, with this understanding often sought by comparing the strength of pairwise functional connectivity. Our holistic approach, eigenvector alignment, considers the impact of all functional connectivity changes before assessing the strength of the functional relationship, i.e. alignment, between any two regions. This is achieved by comparing the placement of regions in a Euclidean space defined by the network’s dominant eigenvectors. Eigenvector alignment recognises the strength of bilateral connectivity in cortical areas of healthy control subjects, but also reveals degradation of this commissural system in those with AD. Surprisingly little structural change is detected for key regions in the Default Mode Network, despite significant declines in the functional connectivity of these regions. In contrast, regions in the auditory cortex display significant alignment changes that begin in aMCI and are the most prominent structural changes for those with AD. Alignment differences between aMCI and AD subjects are detected, including notable changes to the hippocampal regions. These findings suggest eigenvector alignment can play a complementary role, alongside established network analytic approaches, to capture how the brain’s functional networks develop and adapt when challenged by disease processes such as AD.

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