scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Bone Resorption Interplay as a Possible Trigger for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Cervellati ◽  
Gloria Bonaccorsi ◽  
Eleonora Cremonini ◽  
Arianna Romani ◽  
Enrica Fila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Type I ◽  
Bone Homeostasis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase

The underlying mechanism in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PO) is an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. This study was conducted to investigate whether oxidative stress (OxS) might have a role in this derangement of bone homeostasis. In a sample of 167 postmenopausal women, we found that increased serum levels of a lipid peroxidation marker, hydroperoxides, were negatively and independently associated with decreasedbone mineral density(BMD) in total body (r=-0.192,P<0.05), lumbar spine (r=-0.282,P<0.01), and total hip (r=-0.282,P<0.05), as well as with increased bone resorption rate (r=0.233,P<0.05), as assessed by the serum concentration of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-1). On the contrary, the OxS marker failed to be correlated with the serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), that is, elective marker of bone formation. Importantly, multiple regression analysis revealed that hydroperoxides is a determinant factor for the statistical association between lumbar spine BMD and CTX-1 levels. Taken together, our data suggest that OxS might mediate, by enhancing bone resorption, the uncoupling of bone turnover that underlies PO development.

Alpha-Ketoglutarate Decreases Serum Levels of C-terminal Cross-Linking Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTX) in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia: Six-Month Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip ◽  
Pierzynowski ◽  
Lindegard ◽  
Wernerman ◽  
Haratym-Maj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Skeletal Development ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Several studies have shown that α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG) increases serum levels of proline and has beneficial effects on skeletal development. We studied the effect of α-ketoglutaric (AKG) acid calcium salt (6 g AKG and 1.68 Ca/day) or calcium alone (1.68 Ca/day) on serum C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin (OC), as well as on lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in a randomized, parallel group, double-blind, 6-month study conducted on 76 postmenopausal women with osteopenia. The maximum decrease of the mean CTX level in the AKG-Ca group was observed after 24 weeks (37.0%, p = 0.006). The differences in CTX between study groups were statistically significant after 12 and 24 weeks. The OC serum level was not affected by treatments. The BMD of the AKG-Ca group increased by 1.6% from baseline; however, the difference between treatment groups was estimated as 0.9% (non-significant). This study suggests the potential usefulness of AKG-Ca in osteopenic postmenopausal women. AKG-Ca induced beneficial changes in serum CTX, which was consistent with preserving the bone mass in the lumbar spine; however, the long-term effect needs to be further investigated.

scholarly journals Experience in using Prolia in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis in clinical practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (12-2) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
I A Skripnikova ◽  
O V Kosmatova ◽  
E S Abirova ◽  
V E Novikov ◽  
L M Murashko
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Major Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Open Prospective Study

Aim. To evaluate the efficiency and safety of long-term Prolia therapy in patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). Subjects and methods. The open prospective study enrolled 98 women (mean age, 68±9 years; mean menopause duration, 17±4 years) with postmenopausal OP, who were followed up in an outpatient setting at the National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine and who had been treated with denosumab 60 mg subcutaneously every 6 months for 12 months or more. The maximum follow-up period was 4 years: 48, 29, 11, and 10 patients were treated for 12, 24, 36, and 48 months, respectively. The patients were allocated into 2 groups: those who received and those who had not previously received antiosteoporotic therapy. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray densitometry of the lumbar spine (L—L) and proximal femur (PF). The ten-year probability of major osteoporotic fractures was estimated once in 72 patients not previously receiving antiosteoporotic therapy before the prescription of denosumab. Results. In the patients not previously receiving therapy, the median 10-year probability of major fractures using the FRAX algorithm was 14.9%; that of femoral neck (FN) fractures was 3.7%. During denosumab treatment, the BMD increase in the lumbar spine was 4.2% at 12 months, 7.5% at 24 months, was 8.8% at 36 months; that in FN was 3.1, 3.9, and 5.3%, that in PF was 2.8, 4.1, and 5%; and that in the 1/3 forearm was 0.9, 1.4, and 2.6%, respectively (p < 0.001). In the persons receiving and not previously receiving the therapy, the BMD increase was similar, i.e. there was an additional positive effect when switching to denosumab. The decrease in the serum concentration of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I) was 54% at 6 months after initiation of denosumab therapy (p < 0.001) and 72% at 12 months (p

scholarly journals Reduced Bone Mineral Density and Increased Bone Metabolism Rate in Young Adult Patients with 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

2006 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 4453-4458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariateresa Sciannamblo ◽  
Gianni Russo ◽  
Debora Cuccato ◽  
Giuseppe Chiumello ◽  
Stefano Mora
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase

Abstract Context: Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) receive glucocorticoids as replacement therapy. Glucocorticoid therapy is the most frequent cause of drug-induced osteoporosis. Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism in CAH patients. Design: This was a cross-sectional observational study. Setting: The study was conducted at a referral center for pediatric endocrinology. Patients and Other Participants: Thirty young patients with the classical form of CAH (aged 16.4–29.7 yr) treated with glucocorticoid from diagnosis (duration of treatment 16.4–29.5 yr) and 138 healthy controls (aged 16.0–30.0 yr) were enrolled. Main Outcome Measures: BMD was measured in the lumbar spine and whole body by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Bone formation and resorption rates were estimated by serum measurements of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, respectively. Results: CAH patients were shorter than controls (women −6.8 and men −13.3 cm). Therefore, several methods were used to account for the effect of this difference on bone measurements. Whole-body BMD measurements were significantly lower, compared with controls (P &lt; 0.03), after controlling for height (on average −2.5% in females and −9.3% in male patients). No differences were found in lumbar spine measurements. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen serum concentrations were higher in CAH patients than control subjects (P &lt; 0.04). BMD measurements and bone metabolism markers did not correlate with the actual glucocorticoid dose or mean dose over the previous 7 yr. Conclusions: Young adult patients with the classical form of CAH have decreased bone density values, compared with healthy controls. This may put them at risk of developing osteoporosis early in life.

scholarly journals Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis with Bisphosphonates Alone, Vitamin D Alone or a Combination Treatment in Eastern Asians: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1653-1662
Author(s):  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Hongzhuo Li
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis and fractures have become a serious problem for Eastern Asians. Bisphosphonates (BPs), vitamin D and a combination treatment are effective methods to prevent and treat GC-induced osteoporosis. Objective: The study aimed to compare the efficacy of BPs, vitamin D and a combination treatment for preventing and managing GC-induced osteoporosis in Eastern Asians. Methods: A comprehensive search in the PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL databases was undertaken for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of BPs, vitamin D and the combination treatment on GCs-induced osteoporosis in Eastern Asian populations. Primary outcome measures were the change in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers. The final search was performed in March 2019. Results: Nine RCTs were included. A total of 545 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared with vitamin D, BPs and the combination treatment significantly alleviated osteoporosis of the spine and femoral neck in Eastern Asians with GC-induced osteoporosis. At the same time, the change in serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and serum C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) levels was observed to be significantly less with BPs and the combination treatment with vitamin D alone. No significant difference was found between BPs and the combination treatment in the markers mentioned above. Conclusion: Compared with vitamin D alone, BPs alone and the combination treatment were significantly effective on Eastern Asians with GC-induced osteoporosis. Compared with the combination treatment, BPs alone were observed to be effective enough to increase the BMDs of the spine and femoral neck on both sides and thus prevent GC-induced osteoporosis in Eastern Asians.

scholarly journals A Special Ingredient (VtR) Containing Oligostilbenes Isolated fromVitis thunbergiiPrevents Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice:In VitroandIn VivoStudy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Ling Huang ◽  
Yen-Wenn Liu ◽  
Yu-Jou Huang ◽  
Wen-Fei Chiou
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Osteoporosis Therapy ◽  
Interleukin 7 ◽  
Induced Changes

Vitis thunbergiiis used in Taiwan as a botanical supplement for inflammatory bone diseases. This study aims to examine its direct effect on bone metabolism. Three-month-old female mice were randomly divided into ovariectomized control (OVX), sham operated (SHAM), and ovariectomy treated with either 17β-estradiol or a special ingredient (VtR) fractionated from an ethanol extract ofV. thunbergiistarted two weeks after ovariectomy. VtR treatment for 8 weeks significantly ameliorated the deterioration of bone mineral density and reversed all the ovariectomy-induced changes in  μ-CT parameters. The antiosteoporotic effect of VtR accompanied decrease in serum levels of C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (CTx), interleukin-7, and ration of RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) but rise in osteocalcin concentration. Sparse calcified microarchitecture and less alkaline-phosphatase- (ALP-) positive cells were observed at the femur and vertebral sites in OVX mice while VtR remarkably restored such variation. HPLC analysis showed (+)-vitisin-A, (−)-vitisin-B, and ampelopsin C predominated in VtR. Both (−)-vitisin B and ampelopsin C increased ALP activity and bone nodule formation in cultured osteoblasts. Instead of stimulating osteoblastogenesis, (+)-vitisin A dramatically repressed osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption. The results suggested VtR composed of diverse components to reciprocally drive osteoblastogenesis and interdict osteoclastogenesis may serve as a potential botanic drug for osteoporosis therapy.

scholarly journals Genetic polymorphisms and their influence on therapeutic response to alendronate-a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (Vol.10, No.3) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Alina Deniza CIUBEAN ◽  
Laszlo IRSAY ◽  
Rodica Ana UNGUR ◽  
Viorela Mihaela CIORTEA ◽  
Ileana Monica BORDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Turnover Markers ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Turnover Markers

Introduction: Osteoporosis has a strong genetic contribution, and several genes have been shown to influence bone mineral density. Variants in the human genome are considered important causes of differences in drug responses observed in clinical practice. In terms of bone mineral density, about 26–53% of patients do not respond to amino-bisphosphonate therapies, of which alendronate is the most widely used. Material and method: The current study is prospective, observational, analytical, longitudinal and cohort type. It included 25 postmenopausal women treated with alendronate for 1 year. Bone mineral density at lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured and bone turnover markers (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and procollagen 1N-terminal propeptide) were evaluated at 0 and 12 months of treatment. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms in osteoporosis-candidate genes were genotyped (FDPS rs2297480, LRP5 rs3736228, SOST rs1234612, VKORC1 rs9934438, GGPS1 rs10925503 and RANKL rs2277439). Treatment response was evaluated by percentage changes in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers. Results: The heterozygous CT of FDPS rs2297480 showed lower increases in BMD values in the lumbar spine region and the homozygous CC of the GGPS1 rs10925503 showed lower increases in terms of BMD at the total hip region. No association was found for LRP5 rs3736228, SOST rs1234612, VKORC1 rs9934438 and RANKL rs2277439. Conclusions: Romanian postmenopausal women with osteoporosis carrying the CT genotype of FDPS rs2297480 or the CC genotype of GGPS1 rs10925503 could have an unsatisfactory response to alendronate treatment. Key words: osteoporosis; genetic polymorphism; alendronate; bone mineral density; bone turnover markers,

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LOVASTATIN NANO DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY (BMD) AND BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF TIBIA BONES OF WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
RAMANDEEP KAUR ◽  
Makula Ajitha
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Type I Procollagen ◽  
Nanoemulsion Gel ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: In the present study, transdermal nanoemulsion (NE) gel of lovastatin was investigated for its anti-osteoporosis effect on the long bones of rat i.e. tibia. Methods: Male wistar rats (n=30, weighing 180-200g) were taken for this study and grouped as: 1) control (normal saline daily), 2) Dex (dexamethasone sodium; 25 mg/kg subcutaneously twice a week), 3) Dex+LNG5 (lovastatin nanoemulsion gel; 5 mg/kg/d transdermally daily), 4) Dex+LNG10 (lovastatin nanoemulsion gel; 10 mg/kg/d transdermally daily), and 5) Dex+ALN (alendronate sodium; 0.03 mg/kg/d orally daily). All the treatments were carried out for 60 d. At the end of the experiment, all animals were anesthetized using diethyl ether and collected blood samples from retro-orbital venous plexus of rats in dry eppendorf tubes followed by the sacrifice of animals by cervical dislocation method and collected tibia bones of both the legs for analysis. Results: Bone formation biomarkers (OC: osteocalcin, b-ALP: bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, PINP: N-terminal propeptides of type I procollagen) were significantly improved and resorption biomarkers (CTx: C-terminal cross-linking telopeptides of type-I collagen, TRAcP5b: isoform 5b of tartarate resistant acid phosphatase) were significantly reduced in the LNG5 (p<0.05) and LNG10 (p<0.05) treatment groups when compared to Dex. In vivo anti-osteoporotic results demonstrated the formation of new bone in osteoporotic rat tibias. Biomechanical strength testing demonstrated increased load-bearing capacity of rat tibias in the treated animals in comparison with the osteoporotic group (p<0.05 for LNG5 and p<0.01 for LNG10). Conclusion: Thus, the transdermal NE gel formulation of lovastatin demonstrated the greater potential for the treatment of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Association Between Polymorphisms of VDR, COL1A1, and LCT Genes and Bone Mineral Density in Belarusian Women With Severe Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Marozik ◽  
Irma Mosse ◽  
Vidmantas Alekna ◽  
Ema Rudenko ◽  
Marija Tamulaitienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vdr Gene ◽  
Predisposition Genes

Background and Objective. Variation of osteoporosis in the population is the result of an interaction between the genotype and the environment, and the genetic causes of osteoporosis are being widely investigated. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), type I collagen (COL1A1), and lactase (LCT) genes and severe postmenopausal osteoporosis as well as bone mineral density (BMD). Material and Methods. A total of 54 women with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis and 77 controls (mean age, 58.3 years [SD, 6.2] and 56.7 years [SD, 7.42], respectively) were included into the study. The subjects were recruited at the City Center for Osteoporosis Prevention (Minsk, Belarus). Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density at the lumbar spine and the femoral neck. Severe osteoporosis was diagnosed in the women with the clinical diagnosis of postmenopausal osteoporosis and at least 1 fragility fracture. The control group included women without osteoporosis. Polymorphic sites in osteoporosis predisposition genes (ApaI, BsmI, TaqI, and Cdx2 of the VDR gene, G2046T of the COL1A1 gene, and T-13910C of the LCT gene) were determined using the polymerase chain reaction on the deoxyribonucleic acid isolated from dried bloodspots. Results. The data showed that the ApaI and BsmI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and T- 13910C of the LCT gene were associated with severe postmenopausal osteoporosis in the analyzed Belarusian women (P<0.01). A statistically significant positive correlation between the VDR risk genotypes ApaI and TaqI and bone mineral density was found (P<0.05). Conclusions. The findings of this study suggest that at least the ApaI and BsmI polymorphisms of the VDR gene and T-13910C of the LCT gene are associated with the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis in our sample of the Belarusian women.

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