scholarly journals Gastroprotective Activity of Violacein Isolated fromChromobacterium violaceumon Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats: Investigation of Potential Mechanisms of Action

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulrayer Antonisamy ◽  
Ponnusamy Kannan ◽  
Adithan Aravinthan ◽  
Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan ◽  
Mariadhas Valan Arasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Microvascular Permeability ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Endogenous Prostaglandins ◽  
Ulcer Model

Chromobacterium violaceum, Gram-negative bacteria species found in tropical regions of the world, produces a distinct deep violet-colored pigment called violacein. In the present study, we investigated whether violacein can promote a gastroprotective effect and verified the possible mechanisms involved in this action. For this study, an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat model was used. The roles of biomolecules such as MPO, PGE2, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, caspase-3, NO, K+ATP channels, andα2-receptors were investigated. Violacein exhibited significant gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced lesions, while pretreatment with L-NAME and glibenclamide (but not with NEM or yohimbine) was able to reverse this action. Pretreatment with violacein also restored cNOS level to normal and led to attenuation of enhanced apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability. Our results suggest that violacein provides a significant gastroprotective effect in an indomethacin-induced ulcer model through the maintenance of some vital protein molecules, and this effect appears to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous prostaglandins, NOS, K+ATP channel opening, and inhibition of apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana on aspirin and histamine-induced gastric ulcer in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Abubakar ◽  
Hassan Muhammad Yankuzo ◽  
Yusha'u Shuaibu Baraya ◽  
Mu'azu Abubakar Gusau
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Ulcer Index ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Ulcer Model

Background: Peptic ulcer disease remains endemic in our society affecting about four million people every year worldwide. Hannoa klaineana is used traditionally in the treatment of various gastrointestinal diseases including ulcer.Aim: This study aims at evaluating the gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the leaves of Hannoa klaineana (Simaroubaceae).Methods: The gastroprotective effect of ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana (50, 100 and 200mg/kg b.wt) was evaluated using aspirin and histamine induced ulcer models.Results: In aspirin-induced ulcer model, the ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana demonstrated significant (p<0.001) decreased in mean ulcer index with the maximum protective effect (99.84%) at 200 mg/kg against the gastric damages. While histamine-induced ulcer model, the solvent fraction significantly (p<0.001) decreased mean ulcer index with the protective effect up to 99.83% against the gastric lesions. In both models, a significant (p<0.001) increased in pH value coupled with significant (p<0.001) decreased in gastric volume, free and total acidity in rats pre-treated with varying doses of the ethylacetate fraction was found.Conclusion: The mechanism of gastroprotective effects of ethylacetate fraction of the Hannoa klaineana could be attributed to its ability to stimulate prostaglandins secretion or possess prostaglandins like-substances or suppression of histamine-induced vasospastic effect and gastric secretion.   

scholarly journals Mulinum crassifolium Phil; Two New Mulinanes, Gastroprotective Activity and Metabolomic Analysis by UHPLC-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Areche ◽  
Ronald Fernandez-Burgos ◽  
Teresa Cano de Terrones ◽  
Mario Simirgiotis ◽  
Olimpo García-Beltrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Etoac Extract ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ulcer Model

Mulinum crassifolium Phil. (Apiaceae) is an endemic shrub from Chile commonly used as infusion in traditional medicine to treat diabetes, bronchial and intestinal disorders and stomach ailments, including ulcers. From the EtOAc extract of this plant, the new mulinane-type diterpenoids 3 and 5 were isolated along with three known diterpenoids. The gastroprotective effect of the infusion of the plant was assayed to support the traditional use and a fast HPLC analysis using high resolution techniques was performed to identify the bioactive constituents. The EtOAc extract and the edible infusion showed gastroprotective effect at 100 mg/kg in the HCl/EtOH induced gastric ulcer model in mice, reducing lesions by 33% and 74%, respectively. Finally, a metabolomic profiling based on UHPLC-ESI-MS/HRMS of the edible infusion was performed and thirty-five compounds were tentatively identified including quercetin, caffeic acid, apigenine glucoside, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acids, and caffeoylquinic acids, which have been associated previously with gastroprotective and antiulcer properties. This scientific evidence can support the contribution of polyphenols in the gastroprotective activity of the edible infusion of this plant, and can validate at least in part, its ethnopharmacological use.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Effect and Chemical Constituents of Flabellaria paniculata (Malpighiaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986034
Author(s):  
Margaret O. Sofidiya ◽  
Elizabeth Taiwo ◽  
Victoria Awolola ◽  
James Habila ◽  
Neil A. Koorbanally
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Flavonoid Glycoside ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Pylorus Ligation ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Ulcer Model

Leaves from Flabellaria paniculata Cav (Malpighiaceae) are used in traditional medicine for wound dressing, and to treat ulcers and inflammation in Nigeria. The present study evaluates the gastroprotective activity of the ethyl acetate fraction of the methanolic leaf extract and reports on the chemical constituents from the fraction. The methanolic crude extract and solvent fractions (100 mg/kg, PO) were screened using an ethanol-induced ulcer model. The activity of the most active EtOAc fraction (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, PO) was further evaluated in indomethacin and pylorus ligation-induced ulcer models. The EtOAc fraction was chromatographed and chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The MeOH extract of F. paniculata and EtOAc fraction from this extract displayed significant gastroprotective effects. Two triterpenoids (friedelin and friedelinol), two steroids (sitosterol and sitosterol-β-d-glucoside), and a flavonoid glycoside (kaempferol-3- O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside) were identified from the EtOAc fraction. This is the first report on the isolation of these compounds from the plant. The identified compounds could be responsible in part for the observed gastroprotective effect of the EtOAc fraction.

scholarly journals Endogenous Prostaglandins and Afferent Sensory Nerves in Gastroprotective Effect of Hydrogen Sulfide against Stress-Induced Gastric Lesions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0118972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Magierowski ◽  
Katarzyna Jasnos ◽  
Slawomir Kwiecien ◽  
Danuta Drozdowicz ◽  
Marcin Surmiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Endogenous Prostaglandins

scholarly journals An allosteric transport mechanism for the AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump

eLife ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Guizhen Fan ◽  
Corey F Hryc ◽  
James N Blaza ◽  
Irina I Serysheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Drug Transport ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
Protein Assemblies ◽  
Multidrug Efflux Pump ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Activated State

Bacterial efflux pumps confer multidrug resistance by transporting diverse antibiotics from the cell. In Gram-negative bacteria, some of these pumps form multi-protein assemblies that span the cell envelope. Here, we report the near-atomic resolution cryoEM structures of the Escherichia coli AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump in resting and drug transport states, revealing a quaternary structural switch that allosterically couples and synchronizes initial ligand binding with channel opening. Within the transport-activated state, the channel remains open even though the pump cycles through three distinct conformations. Collectively, our data provide a dynamic mechanism for the assembly and operation of the AcrAB-TolC pump.

Gastroprotective effect of Cymbopogon citratus infusion on acute ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 134-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Sagradas ◽  
Gustavo Costa ◽  
Artur Figueirinha ◽  
Maria Margarida Castel-Branco ◽  
António Manuel Silvério Cabrita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Acute Ethanol

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Activity of Epitaondiol and Sargaol

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Areche ◽  
Aurelio San-Martín ◽  
Juana Rovinosa ◽  
Beatriz Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Brown Alga ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity

The effects of epitaondiol (1) and sargaol (2), isolated from the brown alga Stypopodium flabelliforme on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice were evaluated and compared with that of lansoprazole. Epitaondiol and sargaol (6.25- 50 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the appearance of gastric lesions in mice, displaying similar values to lansoprazole at 20 mg/kg. Both epitaondiol and sargaol showed gastroprotective activity with ED50 values of 40 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg, respectively. The results suggest that epitaondiol and sargaol protect the gastric mucosa in the HCl/EtOH model in mice.

Mechanisms by which endogenous glucocorticoid protects against indomethacin-induced gastric injury in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (5) ◽  
pp. G1082-G1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Filaretova ◽  
Akiko Tanaka ◽  
Tohru Miyazawa ◽  
Shinichi Kato ◽  
Koji Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Motility ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Microvascular Permeability ◽  
Gastric Injury ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

We investigated the mechanisms underlying the protective action of glucocorticoids against indomethacin-induced gastric lesions. One-week adrenalectomized rats with or without corticosterone replacement (4 mg/kg sc) were administered indomethacin (25 mg/kg sc), and gastric secretion (acid, pepsin, and mucus), motility, microvascular permeability, and blood glucose levels were examined. Indomethacin caused gastric lesions in sham-operated rats, with an increase in gastric motility and microvascular permeability as well as a decrease in mucus secretion. Adrenalectomy significantly worsened the lesions and potentiated these functional disorders. Glucose levels were lowered by indomethacin in sham-operated rats, and this response was enhanced by adrenalectomy. The changes observed in adrenalectomized rats were prevented by supplementations of corticosterone at a dose mimicking the indomethacin-induced rise in corticosterone, whereas the protective effect of corticosterone was attenuated by RU-38486, a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist. We conclude that the gastroprotective action of endogenous glucocorticoids may be provided by their support of glucose homeostasis and inhibitory effects on enhanced gastric motility and microvascular permeability as well as maintaining the production of mucus.

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