scholarly journals Gastroprotective Activity of Epitaondiol and Sargaol

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Areche ◽  
Aurelio San-Martín ◽  
Juana Rovinosa ◽  
Beatriz Sepúlveda
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Brown Alga ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity

The effects of epitaondiol (1) and sargaol (2), isolated from the brown alga Stypopodium flabelliforme on HCl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in mice were evaluated and compared with that of lansoprazole. Epitaondiol and sargaol (6.25- 50 mg/kg) dose-dependently inhibited the appearance of gastric lesions in mice, displaying similar values to lansoprazole at 20 mg/kg. Both epitaondiol and sargaol showed gastroprotective activity with ED50 values of 40 mg/kg and 35 mg/kg, respectively. The results suggest that epitaondiol and sargaol protect the gastric mucosa in the HCl/EtOH model in mice.

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT BETWEEN ALGINATE-BASED RAFT-FORMING LIQUID AND ALGINATE LIQUID ON GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE AND GASTRIC ULCER IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Hakim Bangun ◽  
Anayanti Arianto ◽  
Ririn Astya ◽  
Gontar A Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Esophageal Erosion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of the study was to compare the effect between alginate (Alg)-based raft-forming and Alg liquid on healing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and gastric ulcer in rats.Methods: Each of the 18 fasted rats was given 1 ml acidified pepsin. Then, rats were divided into three groups. Each group consisted of six rats. Group 1 (negative control) was orally given 1 ml distilled water, Group 2 was given 1 ml Alg-based raft-forming liquid, and Group 3 was given 1 ml Alg liquid. Then, the abdomen of rats was incised under anesthesia with ketamine, and then both their pylorus and the forestomach were ligated to form gastric reflux. After 4 hrs, all rats were killed with chloroform and their esophagus and stomach were examined macroscopically and microscopically (histopathology).Results: On macroscopic observation, all of the Group 1 rats (negative control) showed esophageal lesions and gastric lesions. Four rats of Group 2 (given Alg-based raft-forming) showed no esophageal lesion and two more rats showed a slight lesion, but all of the tested rats showed gastric lesions. All of the rats of the Group 3 (given Alg liquid) showed esophageal lesions, but no gastric lesion on four rats and slight lesion on two rats. Microscopic observations showed that all of the Group 1 rats (negative control) showed esophageal erosion and gastric mucosa lesions. Rats of the Group 2 (given Alg-based raft-forming) showed almost no esophageal erosion, but all of them showed erosion of gastric mucosa. Rats of the Group 3 (given Alg liquid) showed esophageal erosion in all tested rats, but almost no gastric mucosa lesion.Conclusion: Alg-base raft-forming liquid is more effective in healing of GERD than Alg liquid. However, Alg-liquid is more effective in healing of gastric ulcer than Alg-based raft-forming liquid.

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Activity of Violacein Isolated fromChromobacterium violaceumon Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats: Investigation of Potential Mechanisms of Action

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulrayer Antonisamy ◽  
Ponnusamy Kannan ◽  
Adithan Aravinthan ◽  
Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan ◽  
Mariadhas Valan Arasu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Microvascular Permeability ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Endogenous Prostaglandins ◽  
Ulcer Model

Chromobacterium violaceum, Gram-negative bacteria species found in tropical regions of the world, produces a distinct deep violet-colored pigment called violacein. In the present study, we investigated whether violacein can promote a gastroprotective effect and verified the possible mechanisms involved in this action. For this study, an indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer rat model was used. The roles of biomolecules such as MPO, PGE2, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, caspase-3, NO, K+ATP channels, andα2-receptors were investigated. Violacein exhibited significant gastroprotective effect against indomethacin-induced lesions, while pretreatment with L-NAME and glibenclamide (but not with NEM or yohimbine) was able to reverse this action. Pretreatment with violacein also restored cNOS level to normal and led to attenuation of enhanced apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability. Our results suggest that violacein provides a significant gastroprotective effect in an indomethacin-induced ulcer model through the maintenance of some vital protein molecules, and this effect appears to be mediated, at least in part, by endogenous prostaglandins, NOS, K+ATP channel opening, and inhibition of apoptosis and gastric microvascular permeability.

scholarly journals Pharmacological Correction of Stress-Induced Gastric Ulceration by Novel Small-Molecule Agents with Antioxidant Profile

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Kudryavtsev ◽  
Anna O. Markevich ◽  
Oleksandr V. Virchenko ◽  
Tetyana M. Falalyeyeva ◽  
Tetyana V. Beregova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Antioxidant Profile ◽  
Physicochemical Methods ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Stomach Ulceration

This study was designed to determine novel small-molecule agents influencing the pathogenesis of gastric lesions induced by stress. To achieve this goal, four novel organic compounds containing structural fragments with known antioxidant activity were synthesized, characterized by physicochemical methods, and evaluatedin vivoat water immersion restraint conditions. The levels of lipid peroxidation products and activities of antioxidative system enzymes were measured in gastric mucosa and correlated with the observed gastroprotective activity of the active compounds. Prophylactic single-dose 1 mg/kg treatment with (2-hydroxyphenyl)thioacetyl derivatives ofL-lysine andL-proline efficiently decreases up to 86% stress-induced stomach ulceration in rats. Discovered small-molecule antiulcer agents modulate activities of gastric mucosa tissue superoxide dismutase, catalase, and xanthine oxidase in concerted directions. Gastroprotective effect of (2-hydroxyphenyl)thioacetyl derivatives ofL-lysine andL-proline at least partially depends on the correction of gastric mucosa oxidative balance.

scholarly journals THE OCCURRENCE OF GASTRIC LESIONS IN SLAUGHTERED PIGS AT THE KUMASI ABATTOIR, GHANA

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Laryea ◽  
B. O. Emikpe ◽  
V. Attoh-Kotoku ◽  
O. O. Omotosho ◽  
D. A. Asare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Content Volume ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Glandular Stomach ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
On Farm

Information on the occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs in Ghana is lacking in literature. This study was designed as a preliminary investigation to determine the occurrence and pattern of gastric lesion in pigs in Ghana. Ante-mortem animal assessment and post-slaughter stomach evaluation were conducted on 75 pigs out of a total of 694 slaughtered between October, 2014 and March, 2015 at the Kumasi abattoir. The gross lesions observed on the gastric mucosa were graded using standard technique. Stomach contents were assessed and tissue sections were used for histopathology evaluation. The data obtained were cross tabulated and analyzed using Chi-square and One-way ANOVA. Significance was determined at p < 0.05.The prevalence of gastric lesions in the sampled population was 25.3% while the non-glandular stomach (pars oesophagea) and glandular had a prevalence of 17.3% and 21.3% respectively. The predominant lesions observed were epithelial changes in the pars oesophagea and ulcers in glandular region of the stomach. Epithelial changes were restricted to the non-glandular region and it affected 8 (42.1%) of the stomachs with lesions. Erosions and ulceration were observed in the pars oesophagea and glandular stomach while mucosa damage was restricted to the glandular stomach. Lesions were observed in the two breeds studied and the stomach contents of the pigs were mostly finely grounded compounded feed, millet/maize chaff or cassava based feed. Histopathological evaluation of gastric mucosa tissues revealed erosion, multifocal ulcerations with occasional presence of silver staining micro-organisms. There was no significant association between breed, age, sex and occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs. Stomach content volume and feed type were identified as risk factors. Evidence of stomach infection with spirochetes was also observed. Our findings reveal the occurrence of gastric lesions in pigs in Ghana and its associated risk factors. It is therefore recommended that stake-holders should adopt on-farm and abattoir periodic monitoring of the condition as well as improved animal welfare and hygiene practices both on farm and in transit.

scholarly journals Gene structure of the Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin and evidence of its key role in gastric disease.

1994 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 1653-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Telford ◽  
P Ghiara ◽  
M Dell'Orco ◽  
M Comanducci ◽  
D Burroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Gastric Disease ◽  
Human Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Cytotoxin Gene

The gram negative, microaerophilic bacterium Helicobacter pylori colonizes the human gastric mucosa and establishes a chronic infection that is tightly associated with atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. Cloning of the H. pylori cytotoxin gene shows that the protein is synthesized as a 140-kD precursor that is processed to a 94-kD fully active toxin. Oral administration to mice of the purified 94-kD protein caused ulceration and gastric lesions that bear some similarities to the pathology observed in humans. The cloning of the cytotoxin gene and the development of a mouse model of human gastric disease will provide the basis for the understanding of H. pylori pathogenesis and the development of therapeutics and vaccines.

scholarly journals Effects of Plastoquinones from the Brown Alga Sargassum micracanthum and a New Chromene Derivative Converted from the Plastoquinones on Acute Gastric Lesions in Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1197-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Mori ◽  
Toshimitsu Hayashi ◽  
Makoto Iwashima ◽  
Takayuki Matsunaga ◽  
Haruo Saito
Keyword(s):  
Brown Alga ◽  
Gastric Lesions

scholarly journals Protective effect of β-(1,3 → 1,6)-d-glucan against irritant-induced gastric lesions

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken-ichiro Tanaka ◽  
Yuta Tanaka ◽  
Toshio Suzuki ◽  
Tohru Mizushima
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucosa ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

β-(1,3)-d-Glucan with β-(1,6) branches has been reported to have various pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumour and anti-infection activities, which result from its immunomodulating effects. Gastric lesions result from an imbalance between aggressive and defensive factors. In the present study, we examined the effect of β-(1,3)-d-glucan with β-(1,6) branches isolated fromAureobasidium pullulanson the gastric ulcerogenic response in mice. Oral administration of β-glucan ameliorated gastric lesions induced by ethanol (EtOH) or HCl. This administration of β-glucan also suppressed EtOH-induced inflammatory responses, such as infiltration of neutrophils and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules (CAM) at the gastric mucosa. Of the various defensive factors, the levels of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and mucin but not PGE2were increased by the administration of β-glucan. β-Glucan-dependent induction of the expression of HSP70 and mucin proteins and suppression of the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and CAM were also observed in cultured cellsin vitro.The results of the present study suggest that β-glucan protects the gastric mucosa from the formation of irritant-induced lesions by increasing the levels of defensive factors, such as HSP70 and mucin.

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