scholarly journals Hierarchical Order of Influence of Mix Variables Affecting Compressive Strength of Sustainable Concrete Containing Fly Ash, Copper Slag, Silica Fume, and Fibres

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sakthieswaran Natarajan ◽  
Ganesan Karuppiah
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Ratio Increase ◽  
Polypropylene Fibres ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Hierarchical Order

Experiments have been conducted to study the effect of addition of fly ash, copper slag, and steel and polypropylene fibres on compressive strength of concrete and to determine the hierarchical order of influence of the mix variables in affecting the strength using cluster analysis experimentally. While fly ash and copper slag are used for partial replacement of cement and fine aggregate, respectively, defined quantities of steel and polypropylene fibres were added to the mixes. It is found from the experimental study that, in general, irrespective of the presence or absence of fibres, (i) for a given copper slag-fine aggregate ratio, increase in fly ash-cement ratio the concrete strength decreases and with the increase in copper slag-sand ratio also the rate of strength decrease and (ii) for a given fly ash-cement ratio, increase in copper slag-fine aggregate ratio increases the strength of the concrete. From the cluster analysis, it is found that the quantities of coarse and fine aggregate present have high influence in affecting the strength. It is also observed that the quantities of fly ash and copper slag used as substitutes have equal “influence” in affecting the strength. Marginal effect of addition of fibres in the compression strength of concrete is also revealed by the cluster analysis.

scholarly journals Strength Determination of High Strength Concrete Blended with Copper Slag and Fly Ash

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 1198-1203
Author(s):  
Jamshed Alam
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Free Water ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Free Water Content

An experimental analysis was conducted to study the effects of using copper slag as a fine aggregate (FA) and the effect of fly ash as partial replacement of cement on the properties high strength concrete. In this analysis total ten concrete mixtures were prepared, out of which five mixes containing different proportions of copper slag ranging from 0% (for the control mix) to 75% were prepared and remaining five mixes containing fly ash as partial replacement of cement ranging from 6% to 30% (all mixes contains 50% copper slag as sand replacements). Concrete matrix were tested for compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength tests. Addition of copper slag as sand replacement up to 50% yielded comparable strength with that of the control matrix. However, further additions of copper slag, caused reduction in strength due to an increment of the free water content in the mix. Concrete mix with 75% copper slag replacement gave the lowest compressive strength value of approximately 80 MPa at 28 days curing period, which is almost 4% more than the strength of the control mix. For this concrete containing 50% copper slag, fly ash is introduced in the concrete to achieve the better compressive, split and flexural strengths. It was also observed that, introduction of the fly ash gave better results than concrete containing 50% copper slag. When concrete prepared with 18 % of fly ash, the strength has increased approximately 4%, and strength decreased with further replacements of the cement with fly ash. Hence, it is suggested that 50% of copper slag can be used as replacement of sand and 18% fly ash can be used as replacement of cement in order to obtain high strength concrete.

scholarly journals Use of Recycled Tyre Rubber in Non-structural Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 06001
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Waris ◽  
Hussain Najwani ◽  
Khalifa Al-Jabri ◽  
Abdullah Al-Saidy
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Concrete Blocks

To manage tyre waste and conserve natural aggregate resource, this research investigates the use of waste tyre rubber as partial replacement of fine aggregates in non-structural concrete. The research used Taguchi method to study the influence of mix proportion, water-to-cement ratio and tyre rubber replacement percentage on concrete. Nine mixes were prepared with mix proportion of 1:2:4, 1:5:4 and 1:2.5:3; water-to-cement ratio of 0.25, 0.35 and 0.40 and rubber to fine aggregate replacement of 20%, 30% and 40%. Compressive strength and water absorption tests were carried out on 100 mm cubes. Compressive strength was directly proportional to the amount of coarse aggregate in the mix. Water-to-cement ratio increased the strength within the range used in the study. Strength was found to be more sensitive to the overall rubber content than the replacement ratio. Seven out of the nine mixes satisfied the minimum strength requirement for concrete blocks set by ASTM. Water absorption and density for all mixes satisfied the limits applicable for concrete blocks. The study indicates that mix proportions with fine to coarse aggregate ratio of less than 1.0 and w/c ratio around 0.40 can be used with tyre rubber replacements of up to 30 % to satisfy requirements for non-structural concrete.

scholarly journals SUITABILITY OF BURNT AND CRUSHED COW BONES AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-690
Author(s):  
NM Ogarekpe ◽  
JC Agunwamba ◽  
FO Idagu ◽  
ES Bejor ◽  
OE Eteng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Average Compressive Strength ◽  
Curing Age

The suitability of burnt and crushed cow bones (BCCB) as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete was studied. The percentages of replacements of fine aggregates of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%, respectively of BCCB were tested considering 1: 2: 4 and 1: 11/2 :3 concrete mix ratios. The cow bones were burnt for 50 minutes up to 92oC before being crushed. Ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1: 2: 4 mix ratio and ninety-six (96) concrete cubes of 1 : : 3 mix ratio measuring 150x150x150mm were tested for the compressive strength at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. The research revealed that the BCCB acted as a retarder in the concrete. Water-cement ratio increased with the increase in the percentage of the BCCB. The mixes of 1:2:4 and 1::3 at 28 days curing yielded average compressive strengths in N/mm2 ranging from 16.49 - 24.29 and 18.71 - 29.73, respectively. For the mix ratios of 1:2:4 and 1:: 3 at 28 days curing age,  it was observed that increase in the BCCB content beyond 40 and 50%, respectively resulted to the reduction of the average compressive strength below recommended minimum strength for use of concrete in structural works.http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.4

scholarly journals USING FLY ASH AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR FINE AGGREGATE IN CONCRETE AND ITS EFFECTS ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES UNDER DIFFERENT CURING TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maliduwa Liyanage Chamini Surangi ◽  
Parnthep Julnipitawong ◽  
Somnuk Tangtermsirikul ◽  
Yoshifumi Ohgi ◽  
Yusuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Surface Resistivity ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Heat Curing ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Curing Method ◽  
Class F Fly Ash

A shortage of natural fine aggregates has occurred worldwide, especially due to excessive consumption of them in construction activities. For this, the availability of sustainable alternative materials for natural fine aggregate is researched. Fly ash is identified as one such material that can partially replace fine aggregate in concrete. The current study demonstrates the feasibility of using fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete and its effects on the compressive strength and some significant durability properties when cured under different curing temperatures. Fine aggregate and cement were partially replaced with Class F fly ash in different percentages. The curing methods (used in this study) were isothermal heat curing at 30ºC, 50ºC, and 70ºC, and one-day accelerated heat curing. The compressive strength test, carbonation depth test, rapid chloride penetration test, and surface resistivity test were performed for concrete mixtures with different fly ash replacement levels and curing temperatures. Test results reveal that the use of fly ash as a partial fine aggregate replacing material in concrete gives higher compressive strength than that of concrete with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material at both an early age and a later age. One-day accelerated curing is the most beneficial curing method, regarding the compressive strength at all the tested ages. Moreover, concrete with fine aggregate replacement gives better results for carbonation resistance, chloride penetration resistance, and surface resistivity when compared with the control mixture and mixtures with fly ash as a partial cement replacing material.

scholarly journals Inquiry on Mechanical Properties of M30 Grade Concrete with Partial Replacement of Copper Slag and Dolomite Powder for Fine Aggregate and Cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4219-4223
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Chemical Admixture

Concrete plays an important role in every construction. This paper is an experimental investigation to study the mechanical properties of the concrete with partial replacement of cement by dolomite powder and fine aggregate by copper slag. So, in this investigation, by usage of Dolomite powder in concrete on one side improves density and other side improves strength and hardness. Copper slag also increases density of concrete and toughness of concrete. The cement content replaced with dolomite and fine aggregate replaced with copper slag from 5% to 25% at regular intervals of 5%. In the designed mix proportion of M30 grade concrete is 1:2.17:2.95. The Superplasticizer Master Rheobuild 920SH of 0.5% dosage used as chemical admixture is added to the concrete to maintain 0.45 the water-cement ratio. The concrete cubes, cylinders were casted. The different mechanical properties like compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength were tested after 3 days, 7 days and 28 days of curing from 5 to 25% at regular intervals of 5% replacement of cement with dolomite powder and 10% to 50% at regular intervals of 10% replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag.

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