scholarly journals Four Different Methods Comparison for Extraction of Astaxanthin from Green AlgaHaematococcus pluvialis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengzhao Dong ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Shihui Wang ◽  
Yun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Acetone Extraction

Haematococcus pluvialisis one of the potent organisms for production of astaxanthin. Up to now, no efficient method has been achieved due to its thick cell wall hindering solvent extraction of astaxanthin. In this study, four different methods, hydrochloric acid pretreatment followed by acetone extraction (HCl-ACE), hexane/isopropanol (6 : 4, v/v) mixture solvents extraction (HEX-IPA), methanol extraction followed by acetone extraction (MET-ACE, 2-step extraction), and soy-oil extraction, were intensively evaluated for extraction of astaxanthin fromH. pluvialis. Results showed that HCl-ACE method could obtain the highest oil yield(33.3±1.1%)and astaxanthin content(19.8±1.1%). Quantitative NMR analysis provided the fatty acid chain profiles of total lipid extracts. In all cases, oleyl chains were predominant, and high amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acid chains were observed and the major fatty acid components were oleic acid (13–35%), linoleic acid (37–43%), linolenic acid (20–31%), and total saturated acid (17–28%). DPPH radical scavenging activity of extract obtained by HCl-ACE was73.2±1.0%, which is the highest amongst the four methods. The reducing power of extract obtained by four extraction methods was also examined. It was concluded that the proposed extraction method of HCl-ACE in this work allowed efficient astaxanthin extractability with high antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Effect of Ripening of Reduced-Fat White Cheese in Brine and Vacuum on Its Protein, Fatty Acid and Mineral Profiles, and Antioxidant Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroljub Barać ◽  
Zlatan Sarić ◽  
Tanja Vučić ◽  
Ivana Sredović Ignjatović ◽  
Danijel Milinčić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Reduced Fat ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
White Cheese

Research background. Research background. The ripening of reduced-fat white cheese is affected by numerous factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of ripening environment (brine or vacuum plastic bags without brine) on the chemical composition, protein, fatty acid profiles and mineral content as well as antioxidant properties of industrially produced reduced-fat white cheese. Experimental approach. A low-fat white cheese was manufactured in an industrial scale from milk that remained after the production of kajmak and ripened for 60 days at 4 °C after packaging in a polystyrene container with brine containing 6 % salt or in vacuum-sealed polyethylene bags. The influence of ripening environment on proteolysis was monitored by the change of soluble nitrogen fractions as well as by SDS-PAGE of Tris-HCl extracts of cheese proteins under non-reducing conditions and water-soluble fractions under reducing conditions. An effect that ripening environment had on fatty acid and mineral content was also monitored. The change of antioxidant potential of investigated cheese during ripening was followed by the change of iron(II) chelating ability, reducing power and free-radical scavenging activity. Results and conclusions. The ripening environment differently affected proteolysis, fatty acid composition, mineral profiles and antioxidant properties of reduced-fat white cheese. White cheese ripened in brine had more intensive proteolytic changes than the cheese ripened in a vacuum, but also more intensive diffusion processes, especially between the 40th and 60th day of ripening. The brine ripened cheese had higher values of water-soluble nitrogen content, but lower contents of trichloroacetic acid-soluble and phosphotungstic acid-soluble nitrogen than a vacuum ripened cheese. Cheese ripened in brine had a lower content of almost all investigated macro- and microelements. After 60 days of ripening, in the cheese ripened in brine only myristic (C14:0) and palmitic acid (C16:0) were detected whereas in a vacuum ripened cheese C10:0-C16:0 fatty acids dominated. Vacuum ripened reduced-fat cheese had more favourable reducing power while white brined reduced-fat cheese had better radical scavenging activity and iron(II) chelating activity. Novelty and scientific contribution. Ripening in a vacuum becomes a useful method for obtaining high-valuable reduced-fat white cheese.

scholarly journals Influence of extraction method on antioxidant properties of Rheum ribes root extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Bilgic Alkaya ◽  
Serap Ayaz Seyhan ◽  
Busra Nagihan Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Anthracene Derivatives

AbstractRheum species are important medicinal herbs, often used in pharmacological research, due to the presence of anthracene derivatives in the subterranean parts of the plant. In this study, we intended to assess its antioxidant capacity, in correlation with the method of extraction. For this purpose, Rheum ribes extraction was realized with four solvents of different polarities (50% methanol, 70% ethanol, 80% acetonitrile, and petroleum ether). We used different extraction techniques, such as orbital shaker, ultrasonic stirrer, microwave, and Soxhlet extraction, and the total phenolic content of the Rheum ribes extracts was determined by modified Folin–Ciocalteu method. The reducing power and radical scavenging activity of the extracts were also evaluated. The results shown that the antioxidant activity of the extracts depends on the extraction methods especially through the used solvent and decreases in the order: ethanol > methanol > acetonitrile > petroleum ether.

scholarly journals Strobilanthes heyneanus root extract as a potential source for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Sundaram ◽  
Selvaraju Sadhasivam ◽  
Sivaraj Chandrasekaran ◽  
Raaman Nanjian ◽  
Arjun Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Dermal Fibroblast ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Medicinal Uses

Abstract Background Strobilanthes heyneanus (Nilgirianthus heyneanus) belongs to the family Acanthaceae that contains many species with potential for diverse medicinal uses. It is also called ‘Karun kurinji’ and is commonly found in the South-West regions of India. The species are commonly used in rheumatic complaints, sprain of the ankle, and hernia. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the antioxidant activity, phytochemical analysis, and antibacterial activities of the root extract of S. heyneanus. Results The radical scavenging and reduction assays such as DPPH● radical and OH● radical scavenging assays, as well as phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reducing power assays, were determined for the root extract. The highest DPPH● radical scavenging activity was 88.23 ± 1.32 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 38.52 μg/mL concentration. The highest OH● radical scavenging activity was 51.28 ± 1.06 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 51.28 μg/mL concentration. The highest ABTS●+ radical scavenging activity was 91.28 ± 1.12 at 30 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated IC50 was 33.92 μg/mL concentration. The highest phosphomolybdenum reduction was 87.43 ± 0.90 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 24.74 μg/mL concentration. The highest Fe3+ reduction was 89.38 ± 0.98 at 120 μg/mL concentration, and the calculated RC50 was 31.06 μg/mL concentration. The antibacterial activity of S. heyneanus showed the highest zone of inhibition of 24 mm for Salmonella typhi with 500 μg/mL concentration. The cytotoxicity limits of the root extracts were tested by MTT assay using human dermal fibroblast cell lines, reflecting > 90% cell viability at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Conclusions The current study showed that the root extract of S. heyneanus has better antioxidant properties and potential anti-bacterial compounds. The phytochemical analysis of the root extract showed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, and carbohydrates, which are responsible for the antibacterial root extract of S. heyneanus synergistically.

scholarly journals Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Violeta Mitic ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanovic ◽  
P.D. Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Scavenging Activity

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of the leaves extracts of Ehretia pubescens

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6262-6267
Author(s):  
Krishnamoorthy Meenakumari ◽  
Giridharan Bupesh ◽  
Mayur Mausoom Phukan
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Reducing Power Assay

The foods from plants were known to ensure against degenerative diseases and maturing because of their antioxidant activitycredited to their high content. Information on antioxidant activity of Indian medicinal plant is abundant. To the best of our knowledge, biological properties have not been accounted in the literature for this species of . As a point, this is the first results to assess the anti-oxidant activity of the plant which belongs to the family . The antioxidant activity of Methanol, , Ethyl acetate and Aqueous extracts of E. was determined using the DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay. The DPPH scavenging activity showed higher activity observed in extract (63%) of E. than (54%), (44%) and aqueous (30%). the ABTS assay inhibition in extract (58%) than (43%), (38%) and aqueous (32%) extracts. The reducing power assay of different extracts was increased in extract (54%) than (40%), (34%) and aqueous (28%) extracts. Overall, the and ethyl acetate extract had higher antioxidant properties than other extract. However, in this study, extracts exhibit great potential for antioxidant activity and may be useful for their nutritional and medicinal functions.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Antioxidant Properties of Two Phyllanthus Species Growing in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishrat Nimmi ◽  
Ismet Ara Jahan ◽  
M Hemayet Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Burhan Uddin ◽  
M Sohel Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Volume

A comparative study of antioxidant properties on two varieties of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthus niruiri L. & Phyllanthus urinaria L. leaves) growing in Bangladesh was done in the present study. Five complimentary test methods namely DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power assay, total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents determination were used for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of two species of Phyllanthus. In the present investigation for the evaluation of antioxidant activities the concentration is expressed by the ratio of crude sample per solvent volume instead of extract weight per solvent volume. Based on these concentrations the investigated P. niruri L. and P. urinaria L. leaves extracts exhibited significant results. At 2 mg/ml concentration DPPH radical scavenging capacity of the methanol extract of both the plants was found to show significant (>90%) activity which is comparable to Ascorbic acid and BHA. In case of reducing power tests for both the extract, the activity of P. urinaria is comparable to that of BHA and AA and that of P. niruiri is comparable to BHA. P. niruiri showed better antioxidant potential than that of P. urinaria based on the observed results of their corresponding methanol extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v11i2.14579 Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 11(2): 191-197, 2012 (December)

Antioxidant Properties of Microalgae Protein Hydrolysates Prepared by Neutral Protease Digestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Hu ◽  
Xian Qing Yang ◽  
Lai Hao Li ◽  
Yan Yan Wu ◽  
Wan Ling Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Neutral Protease ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Protease Digestion ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Microalgae protein hydrolysates (MPH) were obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of defatted microalgae meal using neutral protease. The protein recovery, degree of hydrolysis, and the antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates were investigated. The results demonstrated that hydrolysates prepared by neutral protease at 50 °C for 4 h exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Under these conditions, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and the reducing power of the hydrolysates were 68.3%, 50.8% and 1.303, respectively.

Reducing power and radical scavenging activity of four Parmeliaceae species

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Stojanović ◽  
Igor Stojanović ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanović ◽  
Violeta Mitić ◽  
Danijela Kostić
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Flavoparmelia Caperata

AbstractThe methanol extracts of four Parmeliaceae lichens (Hypogymnia physodes, Evernia prunastri, Flavoparmelia caperata and Parmelia sulcata) were screened for antioxidant properties and total phenol content. The H. physodes extract was the most effective at reducing iron(III) and scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals, while the P. sulcata extract was the most effective in reducing molybdenum(VI) in an acidic medium. The E. prunastri and H. physodes extracts contained more Folin-Ciocalteu reagent reactive substances than the F. caperata and P. sulcata extracts. Significant activity of the H. physodes extract in DPPH and reducing Fe(III) assays suggest that this lichen can be considered as a potential source of antioxidants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Depolymerization of Chitosan into Chitooligosaccharides from the Shrimp Shell Waste of Parapeneopsis Stylifera by Non-Specific Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Renuka ◽  
Chandragiri Nagaraja Rao Ravishankar ◽  
Elavarasan Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Abubacker Aliyamveetil Zynudheen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Two different non-specific proteolytic enzymes (papain and pepsin) and two carbohydrase enzymes (α-amylase and β-amylase) were used for the depolymerization of chitosan to produce chitooligosaccharides (COS). The COS produced using papain, pepsin, α-amylase and β-amylase were characterized for physico-chemical, structural, thermal and antioxidant activities. Chitooligosaccharides produced using pepsin enzyme had higher solubility compared to other three COS. Structural variation of chitosan and their oligosaccharides were studied by FTIR analysis and it revealed the existence of various structural difference among the oligosaccharides and chitosan. Thermal behavior of chitosan and oligosaccharides were examined using DSC analysis, and it exhibits difference in the glass transition temperature among the four oligosaccharides and native chitosan. Anti-oxidant analysis such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power revealed the antioxidant ability of chitooligosaccharides. Among the four COS, pepsin-COS had the highest DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power activity. According to the patterns of molecular weight reduction, antioxidant properties, thermal behavior properties, four enzymes α- amylase, β-amylase, pepsin and papain found suitable for hydrolyzing chitosan into chitooligosaccharide. As it is superior to chitosan, chitooligosaccharide can be utilized in food industry as bio-preservatives to enhance the quality, safety and shelf life of the products.

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