scholarly journals Methods for Detection of Aflatoxins in Agricultural Food Crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex P. Wacoo ◽  
Deborah Wendiro ◽  
Peter C. Vuzi ◽  
Joseph F. Hawumba
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Electrochemical Immunosensor ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Agricultural Food

Aflatoxins are toxic carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced predominantly by two fungal species: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. These fungal species are contaminants of foodstuff as well as feeds and are responsible for aflatoxin contamination of these agro products. The toxicity and potency of aflatoxins make them the primary health hazard as well as responsible for losses associated with contaminations of processed foods and feeds. Determination of aflatoxins concentration in food stuff and feeds is thus very important. However, due to their low concentration in foods and feedstuff, analytical methods for detection and quantification of aflatoxins have to be specific, sensitive, and simple to carry out. Several methods including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mass spectroscopy, enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA), and electrochemical immunosensor, among others, have been described for detecting and quantifying aflatoxins in foods. Each of these methods has advantages and limitations in aflatoxins analysis. This review critically examines each of the methods used for detection of aflatoxins in foodstuff, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each method. Finally, a way forward for overcoming such obstacles is suggested.

Recent Applications of High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and Derivative Spectrophotometry in Pharmaceutical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-689
Author(s):  
Marcin Gackowski ◽  
Marcin Koba ◽  
Katarzyna Mądra-Gackowska ◽  
Piotr Kośliński ◽  
Stefan Kruszewski
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Derivative Spectrophotometry ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
Layer Chromatography

At present, no one can imagine drug development, marketing and post-marketing without rigorous quality control at each stage. Only modern, selective, accurate and precise analytical methods for determination of active compounds, their degradation products and stability studies are able to assure the appropriate amount and purity of drugs administered every day to millions of patients all over the world. For routine control of drugs simple, economic, rapid and reliable methods are desirable. The major focus of current scrutiny is placed on high-performance thin layer chromatography and derivative spectrophotometry methods, which fulfill routine drug estimation’s expectations [1-4]. The present paper reveals state-of-the-art and possible applications of those methods in pharmaceutical analysis between 2010 and 2018. The review shows advantages of high-performance thin layer chromatography and derivative spectrophotometry, including accuracy and precision comparable to more expensive and time-consuming methods as well as additional fields of possible applications, which contribute to resolving many analytical problems in everyday laboratory practice.

scholarly journals Aflatoxin contamination in food crops: causes, detection, and management: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Hardik Pathak ◽  
Seema Bhadauria ◽  
Jebi Sudan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Favorable Conditions

AbstractMycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by several fungal species and molds. Under favorable conditions like high temperature and moisture, they contaminate a large number of food commodities and regional crops during pre and post-harvesting. Aflatoxin is the main mycotoxin that harm animal and human health due to its carcinogenic nature. Aflatoxins are mainly released by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. AFB1 constitutes the most harmful type of aflatoxins and is a potent hepato-carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and it suppresses the immune system. To maintain food safety and to prevent aflatoxin contamination in food crops, combined approaches of using resistant varieties along with recommended farming practices should be followed. This review concentrates on various aspects of mycotoxin contamination in crops and recent methods to prevent or minimize the contamination.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF 10-GINGEROL IN INDIAN GINGER BY VALIDATED HPTLC METHOD OF SAMPLES COLLECTED ACROSS SUBCONTINENT OF INDIA

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Kamran Ashraf ◽  
Syed Adnan Ali Shah ◽  
Mohd Mujeeb
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Aluminum Plates ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>A simple, sensitive, precise, and accurate stability indicating HPTLC (high-performance thin-layer chromatography) method for analysis of 10-gingerol in ginger has been developed and validated as perICH guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The separation was achieved on TLC (thin layer chromatography) aluminum plates pre-coated with silica gel 60F<sub>254</sub> using n-hexane: ethyl acetate 55:45 (%, v/v) as a mobile phase. Densitometric analysis was performed at 569 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This system was found to have a compact spot of 10-gingerol at <em>R</em><sub>F</sub> value of 0.57±0.03. For the proposed procedure, linearity (<em>r</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.998±0.02), limit of detection (18ng/spot), limit of quantification (42 ng/spot), recovery (ranging from 98.35%–100.68%), were found to be satisfactory.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statistical analysis reveals that the content of 10-gingerol in different geographical region varied significantly. The highest and lowest concentration of 10-gingerol in ginger was found to be present in a sample of Patna, Lucknow and Surat respectively which inferred that the variety of ginger found in Patna, Lucknow are much superior to other regions of India.</p>

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