scholarly journals Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, and Chondroprotective Activities ofCryptolepis buchananiExtract:In VitroandIn VivoStudies

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nutthiya Hanprasertpong ◽  
Supanimit Teekachunhatean ◽  
Rujirek Chaiwongsa ◽  
Siriwan Ongchai ◽  
Puongtip Kunanusorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Cartilage Explant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Cryptolepis buchananiRoem. & Schult. is widely used in folk medicine in Southeast Asia for treating muscle tension and arthritis. This study aimed to investigate an analgesic activity of the methanol extract ofC. buchanani(CBE) in acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice, and to examine its anti-inflammatory activity in ethyl phenylpropiolate- (EPP-) induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Its effects on cartilage degradation induced by interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in porcine cartilage explant culture were also determined. This study demonstrated that CBE significantly reduced acetic acid-induced writhing response. It also inhibited edema formation in both EPP-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced paw edema models. In cartilage explant culture, CBE significantly reduced the sulfated glycosaminoglycan and hyaluronan released into culture media while it reserved the uronic acid and collagen within the cartilage tissues. It also suppressed the matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity with no effect on cell viability. In conclusion, CBE shows analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and chondroprotective effects in this preliminary study. Therefore, CBE may be useful as an alternative treatment for osteoarthritis.

scholarly journals Andrographolide Exerts Chondroprotective Activity in Equine Cartilage Explant and Suppresses Interleukin-1β-Induced MMP-2 Expression in Equine Chondrocyte Culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriwan Tangyuenyong ◽  
Nawarat Viriyakhasem ◽  
Siriporn Peansukmanee ◽  
Prachya Kongtawelert ◽  
Siriwan Ongchai
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Explant Culture ◽  
Cartilage Explants ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Cartilage Explant ◽  
Chondrocyte Culture ◽  
Degenerative Joint Diseases

Cartilage erosion in degenerative joint diseases leads to lameness in affected horses. It has been reported that andrographolide from Andrographis paniculata inhibited cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes. This study aimed to explore whether this compound protects equine cartilage degradation in the explant culture model and to determine its effect on matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression, a matrix-degrading enzyme, in equine chondrocyte culture. Equine articular cartilage explant culture was induced by 25 ng/mL interleukin-1β, a key inducer of cartilage degeneration, in cultures with or without andrographolide ranging from 10 to 50 μM. After 3–21 days, they were analyzed for the markers of cartilage degradation. It was found that interleukin-1β increased the release of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and hyaluronan from the explants into the culture media consistently with the decrease in uronic acid and collagen content in the cartilage explants. These catabolic effects were inhibited when cotreated with interleukin-1β and andrographolide. In primary equine chondrocytes, andrographolide suppressed interleukin-1β-induced MMP-2 mRNA expression and MMP-2 activity in the culture medium. These results confirmed the in vitro potent chondroprotective activities of this compound which were performed in cartilage explants and on a cellular level. These may indicate the application of andrographolide for therapeutic use in equine degenerative joint diseases.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Property of the Ethanol Extract of the Root and Rhizome ofPogostemon cablin(Blanco) Benth

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Wen Li ◽  
Xiao-Li Wu ◽  
Xiao-Ning Zhao ◽  
Zu-Qing Su ◽  
Hai-Ming Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory property of the ethanol extract of the root and rhizome ofPogostemon cablin(ERP). The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated using four animal models including xylene-induced mouse ear edema, acetic acid-induced mouse vascular permeability, carrageenan-induced mouse pleurisy, and carrageenan-induced mouse hind paw edema. Results indicated that oral administration of ERP (120, 240, and 480 mg/kg) significantly attenuated xylene-induced ear edema, decreased acetic acid-induced capillary permeability, inhibited carrageenan-induced neutrophils recruitment, and reduced carrageenan-induced paw edema, in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathologically, ERP (480 mg/kg) abated inflammatory response of the edema paw. Preliminary mechanism studies demonstrated that ERP decreased the level of MPO and MDA, increased the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, and GRd), attenuated the productions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2and NO, and suppressed the activities of COX-2 and iNOS. This work demonstrates that ERP has considerable anti-inflammatory potential, which provided experimental evidences for the traditional application of the root and rhizome ofPogostemon cablinin inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties of Thai Perilla frutescence fruit oil in animals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narisara Paradee ◽  
Pimpisid Koonyosying ◽  
Winthana Kusirisin ◽  
Rattanaporn Janthip ◽  
Duangta Kanjanapothi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fruit Oil

Perilla frutescens fruits (PFO) is rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and exhibits biological activities. We aimed to investigate analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activities of PFO and PFO-supplemented soybean milk (PFO-SM) in animal models. Analgesic activity was assessed in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice, while anti-inflammatory activity was performed in ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema and carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. Anti-ulcer effects were conducted in water immersion stress, HCl/ethanol, and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Distinctly, PFO (6.96 mg ALA and 2.61 LA mg equivalent/g) did not induce acute toxicity (LD50 >10 mL/kg) in mice. PFO (2.5 and 5 mL/kg) and PFO-SM (0.05 mL PFO equivalence/kg) inhibited incidences of writhing (16.8, 18 and 32.3%, respectively) in acetic acid-induced mice. In addition, topical applications of PFO (0.1 and 1 mL/ear) significantly inhibited EPP-induced ear edema (59.3 and 65.7%, respectively) in rats, while PFO-SM slightly inhibited ear edema (25.9%). However, PFO and PFO-SM did not inhibit carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats. Indeed, PFO (2.5 and 5 mL/kg) significantly inhibited gastric ulcers in rats that induced by water immersion stress (92.4 and 96.6%, respectively), HCl/ethanol (74.8 and 73.3%, respectively) and indomethacin (68.8 and 88.9%, respectively), while PFO-SM did not. PFO displayed potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer properties, while PFO-SM exerted only analgesic properties. Thus, Thai perilla fruit oil and its functional drink offers potential benefits in treatment of analgesic, inflammatory diseases and gastric ulcer.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Activities of Bufalin in Rodents

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Wen ◽  
Yang Huang ◽  
Xianbiao Xie ◽  
Wan Huang ◽  
Junqiang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Open Field Test ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Analgesic Effects ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The aims of this study were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of bufalin, a major component of “Chan-su.” We used a carrageenan-induced paw edema model to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of this compound, and Western blot analysis detected NF-κB signaling during this effect. The antinociceptive activities were evaluated by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, and hot-plate tests; open-field test investigated effects on the central nervous system. Our data showed that bufalin (0.3 and 0.6 mg/kg, i.p.) potently decreased carrageenan-induced paw edema. Bufalin down regulated the expression levels of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) during these treatments. Further studies demonstrated that bufalin significantly inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling. Bufalin also reduced acetic acid-induced writhing and the licking time in the formalin test and increased hot-plate reaction latencies. Naloxone pretreatment (2 mg/kg, i.p.) in the early phases of the formalin test and hot-plate test significantly attenuated the bufalin-induced antinociception effects, which suggests the involvement of the opioid system. A reduction in locomotion was not observed in the open-field test after bufalin administration. Taken together, bufalin treatment resulted in in vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, and bufalin may be a novel, potential drug for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Patchoulene Epoxide Isolated from Patchouli Oil Suppresses Acute Inflammation through Inhibition of NF-κB and Downregulation of COX-2/iNOS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Li Liang ◽  
Jia-Zhen Wu ◽  
Yu-Hong Liu ◽  
Zhen-Biao Zhang ◽  
Qi-Duan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Vascular Permeability ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Unknown Compound ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

According to the GC-MS analysis, compositional variation was observed between samples of patchouli oil, of which an unknown compound identified as patchoulene epoxide (PAO) was found only in the long-stored oil, whose biological activity still remains unknown. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory activity with three in vivo inflammatory models: xylene-induced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, and carrageenan-induced paw edema. Further investigation into its underlying mechanism on carrageenan-induced paw edema was conducted. Results demonstrated that PAO significantly inhibited the ear edema induced by xylene, lowered vascular permeability induced by acetic acid and decreased the paw edema induced by carrageenan. Moreover, PAO markedly decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO), but increased levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). PAO was also shown to significantly downregulate the protein and mRNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS). Western blot analysis revealed that PAO remarkably inhibited p50 and p65 translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus by suppressing IKKβ and IκBα phosphorylation. In conclusion, PAO exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity probably by suppressing the activation of iNOS, COX-2 and NF-κB signaling pathways.

Effect of Nectaroscordum koelzi Methanolic Extract on Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Male Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karam Hossein Hasanvand ◽  
Mojtaba Khaksarian ◽  
Maryam Alipour ◽  
Hormoz Mahmoudvand ◽  
Massumeh Naizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Edema Volume ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

Introduction: The present study deals with the effect of Nectaroscordum koelzi fruit extract on acute and chronic inflammation. Methods: Totally, 84 NMRI mice were used in this study. The extract effect on acute inflammation was analyzed by increasing vascular permeability via acetic acid and xylene induced ear edema among mice. The extract was evaluated in terms of effects on chronic inflammation by means of the cotton pellet test among mice. For the assessment of inflammation degree, the mice paw edema volume was measured by the plethysmometric test. Results: The findings showed that the extract was effective on acute inflammation induced by acetic acid in mice. In the xylene ear edema, N. koelzi extract indicated the significant activity in mice. In the cotton pellet method, the methanol extract produced a significant reduction in comparison with the control and dexamethasone. Mice paw edema volume decreased with the extract. Conclusion: In general, the data from the experiments indicated that the methanol extract of N. koelzi has an anti-inflammatory effect on acute and chronic inflammation. However, the exact contributing mechanisms have not been investigated for the pharmacological effects.

Investigation of Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory, Hypoglycaemic, Neuropharmacological and Cytotoxic Properties of Clerodendrum viscosum (Leaves)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanny SZ ◽  
◽  
Ropuk RS ◽  
Patowary AA ◽  
Lata L ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Depressant Effect ◽  
Sleeping Time ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Cns Depressant ◽  
Croton Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Clerodendrum Viscosum

Clerodendrum viscosum (CV) has been used traditionally to treat medical problems like asthma, ulcer, inflammation, pyrexia, diabetes, malaria, skin diseases, snakebite and tumor by folk practitioners. The present study evaluated the analgesic, antiinflammatory, neuropharmacological and cytotoxic properties C. viscosum (leaves) in rodents. Swiss albino mice of either sex weighing 25-30 gm and SD rats (150-180 mg) were divided into control (DW), standard (model specific) as well as test groups (n=6). Analgesic potential was evaluated using acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin induced pawlicking test. Anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated by xylene and croton oil induced ear edema test. Glucose tolerance was evaluated by OGTT in normal rats. Pentobarbital induced sleeping time test was applied to assess neuropharmacological activity. Also, Brine shrimp lethality bioassay method was employed for cytotoxicity evaluation. The alcoholic extracts showed significant antinociceptive activity in acetic acid test (p<0.01) and formalin test (p<0.05) at the dose of 1000mg/kg bw. The crude extract reduced inflammation significantly (p<0.01) in both xylene and croton oil induced ear edema test. At the dose of 1000mg/kg it increased glucose tolerance significantly (p<0.05) in normal rats. CV extract significantly (p<0.01) increased sleeping time indicating CNS depressant effect. The extract exhibited a potent cytotoxicity against brine shrimp (LC50=316.23μg/ml). C. viscosum leaves showed analgesic, antiinflammatory, hypoglycemic and CNS depressant effect against experimentally induced model mice. It also possessed cytotoxic properties and further studies are required to evaluate these effects and the potential of the plant.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERLIPIDEMIC, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA IN ANIMAL MODELS

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Phebe Hendra ◽  
Fenty . ◽  
Putu Ririn Andreani ◽  
Bernadetha Maria Estika Pangestuti ◽  
Jeffry Julianus
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities ◽  
Enrich Diet ◽  
Digital Caliper

Objective: To investigate the antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of of E. longifolia root extract in animal models.Methods: In this study, glucose-fructose enriched diet-induced hyperlipidemia, carrageenan-induced paw edema and acetic acid-induced writhing were used to evaluate the anti-hypertriglyceridemia, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, respectively. At the end of the experiment of glucose-fructose enriched diet-induced hyperlipidemia, blood samples were collected and estimation of blood lipids were carried out. Edema thickness was measured using digital caliper at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, 330, and 360 min after carrageenan injection. The number of abdominal writhing for each mouse was observed and counted during a period of 1 h post injection of acetic acid.Results: E. longifolia root extract demonstrated a significant reduction of triglyceride levels (p<0.05) compared with the control group in glucose-fructose enrich diet in rats. In anti-inflammatory test, the extract significantly inhibited the carrageenan induced paw edema formation (p<0.05). The extract also significantly decreased the number of writhing in acetic acid-induced mice (p<0.05).Conclusion: E. longifolia root extract shown a significant anti-hypertriglyceridemia, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Further studies are needed to determine mechanisms for its acitivities of E. longifolia root extract.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity, Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Aqueous and Methanol Root Extracts of Maerua triphylla A. Rich. (Capparaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Brian Muyukani Wangusi ◽  
Laetitia Wakonyu Kanja ◽  
Isaac Mpapuluu Ole-Mapenay ◽  
Jared Misonge Onyancha
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Reference Drug ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Aqueous Root Extract

Maerua triphylla root extracts are used by Maasai and Kikuyu communities in Kenya to manage headaches, stomachaches, migraines, and rheumatism. However, scientific data on their safety and efficacy are limited. The current study aims to investigate the safety, phytochemical constituents, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of M. triphylla root extracts. Aqueous and methanol M. triphylla root extracts were prepared by cold maceration, and the extracts’ safety was evaluated using Wistar rats according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (2008) guidelines. Standard qualitative phytochemical screening methods were used for the detection of various phytochemical groups in the extracts. Analgesic activity assay in Swiss albino mice was done using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, while anti-inflammatory activity was determined in Wistar rats using the acetic acid-induced paw edema method. The methanol and aqueous extracts revealed LD50 > 2000 mg/kg bw, classifying them as nontoxic. The presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenols was observed in both extracts. However, saponins were only present in the methanol extract. In the analgesic study, mice that received 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw of aqueous root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg (reference drug) ( p < 0.05 ). Additionally, mice that received 500 mg/kg bw of methanol root extract of M. triphylla had significantly lower acetic acid-induced writhing than mice that received the acetylsalicylic acid 75 mg ( p < 0.05 ). In the anti-inflammatory study, there was no significant difference ( p < 0.05 ) between the inhibitory activity of different doses of the aqueous root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium (reference drug) on acetic acid-induced paw edema in rats. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the inhibitory activity of 100 mg/kg bw and 500 mg/kg bw doses of the methanol root extract of M. triphylla and a 50 mg/kg dose of diclofenac sodium on acetic acid-induced paw edema ( p > 0.05 ). These findings suggest that the roots of M. triphylla may be useful in the safe mitigation of pain and inflammation and therefore support their ethnomedicinal use in the management of pain and inflammation.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Composition ofSenecio salignusKunth

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuauhtemoc Pérez González ◽  
Roberto Serrano Vega ◽  
Marco González-Chávez ◽  
Miguel Angel Zavala Sánchez ◽  
Salud Pérez Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Active Fraction ◽  
Ear Edema ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity ofSenecio salignus. This medicinal plant is often used in Mexico for the treatment of fever and rheumatism. Chloroform and methanol extracts of the plant were tested on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate- (TPA-) induced edema in mice ears. The methanol extract of the plant inhibited edema by36±4.4% compared with the control, while the chloroform extract exhibited an even greater level of inhibition (64.1%). The chloroform extract was then fractionated, and the composition of the active fraction was determined by GC-MS. The anti-inflammatory activity of this fraction was then tested on TPA-induced ear edema in mice, and we found that the active fraction could inhibit edema by 46.9%. The anti-inflammatory effect of the fraction was also tested on carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats at doses of 100 mg/kg; a58.9±2.8% reduction of the edema was observed 4 h after administration of carrageenan, and the effect was maintained for 5 h.

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