Formulasi Whey Fermentasi dengan Penambahan Buah Merah (Pandanus conoideus Lam) sebagai Tabir Surya

Whey produced from cheese processing can be used as non-food products such as sunscreen by fermenting using Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Adding active ingredients such as red fruit oil which contains carotenoids can increase the effectiveness of sunscreen. This study aims to determine the formulation of fermented whey and red fruit oil usage in sunscreen. The study began with the production of fermented whey and sunscreen formulations with ratios of 0, 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (fermented whey: red fruit oil). Furthermore, observe the organoleptic, antioxidant, SPF, pH, and homogeneity value. Adding fermented whey and red fruit oil showed no significant effect (P>0.05) onthe organoleptic test of aroma, but significantly (P<0.05) on color and texture. The antioxidant activity value test showed significantly different results (P<0.05) with IC50 values classified as moderate to high.Determination of the SPF value of sunscreen showed significantly different results (P<0.05), but this value was classified as low protection. Although there was no significant effect on pH testing (P>0.05), the pH of sunscreen cream indicated that it was suitable for topical application. All samples showed homogeneous results and there were no coarse particles or separation between the oil and water phases. The best sunscreen formulation is 1:1 cream with the highest SPF value of 6.86 and strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 56.15 g/mL. Fermented whey and red fruit oil usage as active ingredients are more effective in increasing the protection of the cream against UV rays and free radicals.

Physical-Chemical Constants and Fatty Acid Composition of Zosima absinthifolia Link. Fruit Oil

Zosima absinthifolia is the only species of Zosima genus in Azerbaijan. The aim of this study was to determine the quantitative and qualitative determination of fatty acids in the fruits of the plant Zosima absinthifolia, which is widespread in Absheron, as well as to study its physicochemical and organoleptic properties, possible use in the pharmaceutical and food industries. The oil obtained from the fruits of the plant collected from the Absheron Peninsula (Bibiheybat) was analyzed by gas chromatography. The oil was obtained at 60 °C for 8 h by the extraction of the fruits in a Soxhlet extractor. The yield was 10.36%. Chromatographic analysis of the oil obtained from plant fruits allowed to determine 14 fatty acids. The main component of Z. absinthifolia fruit oil is oleic acid (74.36%). Small amounts of caprylic and palmitic acids were also found to be 8.9% and 5.39%, respectively. The lowest percentage is palmitinoleic acid (0.07%). Physico-chemical constants and organoleptic properties of Z. absinthifolia fruit oil were also analyzed and it was determined that the percentage of free fatty acids in our sample was 2.47%, the peroxide value 34.16 mg O/kg and the saponification number 200.23 mg KOH/g.

Teknologi Produksi Abon Daging Rusa Dengan Penambahan Herbal Sebagai Pangan Unggulan Pada Era Normal Baru

This study aims to improve the nutritional quality of venison floss by modifying the the technology process of floss making with adding red fruit oil (Pandanus conoideus L) and kebar grass extract (Biophytum petersianum) as a source of natural antioxidants. The results showed that the nutritional value of floss was influenced by the use of these herbal. Supplementation of antioxidant is to potentially extend the shelf-life of floss as indicated in decreasing the value of water activity (Aw) and thiobarburic acid (TBA). The Aw value decreased from 0.756 to 0.701, and TBA decreased from 0.139 to 0.055 mg/kg. The protein of floss increased from 33.20 to 35.60%. The result also showed that the content of antioxidant increased which is indicated by the increasing of beta-carotene content from 0.0087 mg /100 gram to 0.81 mg/100 gram. Results also showed that the use of red fruit oil extract and kebar grass extract decreased the content of saturated fatty acids, meanwhile in unsaturated fatty acids it increased arachidonic fatty acids. Keywords: Antioxidant; Beta-caroten; Kebar grass; Red-fruit oil; Venison floss. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kualitas nutrisi abon daging rusa dengan memodifikasi proses teknologi produksinya dengan penambahan ekstrak minyak buah merah (Pandanus conoideus L) dan ekstrak rumput kebar (Biophytum petersianum) sebagai sumber antioksidan alami. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa nilai nutrisi produk olahan daging dipengaruhi oleh adanya penambahan senyawa antioksidan. Pemberian suplementasi bahan sumber antioksidan meningkatkan daya awet pada abon yang ditunjukkan dengan penurunan nilai aktivitas air (Aw) dan nilai thiobarburic acid (TBA). Nilai Aw abon menurun dari 0,756 menjadi 0,701, dan nilai TBA-nya menurun dari 0,139 menjadi 0,055 mg/kg. Nilai nutrisi terjadi pada nilai protein yang meningkat dari 33,20 menjadi 35,60%. Sebagai sumber antioksidan terlihat pada peningkatan kandungan beta-karoten dari 0,0087 mg/100 gram menjadi 0,81 mg/100 gram. Faktor penting lainnya dengan penggunaan ekstrak minyak buah merah dan ekstrak rumput kebar yakni adanya penurunan yang signifikan pada kandungan asam-asam lemak jenuh, akan tetapi pada asam-asam lemak tidak jenuh terjadi peningkatan pada asam lemak arakidonat. Kata kunci: Abon rusa; Beta-karoten; Herbal antioksidant; Minyak buah-merah; Rumput kebar.

Antimalarial, Antitrypanosomal, Antimicrobial Activities and Volatile Oil Profile of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) Rich (Annonaceae)

The resistance of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) to well-recognized antimalarial drugs is now common in nearly every area of its prevalence; consequently, there is a need to explore therapeutic plants that have bioactive compounds which can be utilized in the manufacture of antimalarial drugs. The in vitro potency of the volatile oil (VO) of Xylopia aethiopica (X. aethiopica) was evaluated against P. falciparum 3D7 strain, a human malaria parasite, a good activity against the parasite P. falciparum was recorded with an IC50 of 14 µg/mL. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the fruit oil of X. aethiopica was determined at a concentration of 50 µg/mL against HeLa cells and was found to show no cytotoxicity effect at this concentration; this could be an indication of the safety of the fruit oil as a targeted drug for mammalian organisms. , The antibacterial property of the VO from the fruit of X. aethiopica, was evaluated in vitro; the fruit oil exhibited good antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, with Klebsiella pneumoniae having the highest inhibition zone of 19.0 ± 1.4 mm. The result recorded for MBC/MFC confirms that VO of this plant can be used in therapeutic preparations, particularly in the infections brought about by some of these microorganisms as practiced by traditional healers in folkloric medicines. This appears to justify the numerous folkloric therapeutic uses of the aerial parts of this plant. The hydro distilled volatile oil from X. aethiopica was characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), an abundance of monoterpenes hydrocarbon (58.0%), followed by oxygenated monoterpenes (30.13%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbon (8.96%), and fatty acid (0.74%) were well represented. The significant quantitative constituents of the fruit oil are 1, 8-cineole (16.73%), β-pinene (11.59%), sabinene (10.76%), 1R-α-pinene (8.30%), α-phellandrene (8.34%).

Pomological Descriptors, Phenolic Compounds, and Chemical Monitoring in Olive Fruits Irrigated with Dairy Treated Wastewater

In this work, the pomological characteristics, phenolic composition, and chemical contents modification in response to treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation was studied on olive fruits. The experiment was carried out during two successive years (2016/2017) on olive trees (cv. Chemlali). Three irrigation treatments were adopted and two TWW irrigation levels were applied (T1: 20% ETc; T2: 40% ETc; CT: Control Treatment (rainfed condition)). Results show that TWW irrigation leads to increased fruit fresh weight and water content, whatever the level applied. In addition, fruit oil content remained unaffected by TWW irrigation. Moreover, this agronomic practice preserves some phenolic compound contents like verbascoside, therefore fruits nutritional value. A positive feature was then observed following TWW irrigation. In fact, oleuropein, tyrosol, luteolin-7-glucoside, and pinoresinol amounts were enhanced in treated olive fruits. On the other hand, TWW irrigated trees with a level of 40% ETc (T2) produced olive fruits richer in Mg and K than those cultivated in rainfed conditions (CT). Fruits Zn, Mn, and Pb contents decreased as a result of olive trees TWW irrigation.

Supplementation of Pandanus conoideus Oil in Cryopreservation Diluents for Maintaining the Semen Quality of Ongole Grade Bull

Antioxidants such as tocopherol, ß-carotene, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from red fruit oil of Papua may be used to protect frozen semen. The study is aimed to test the effect of red fruit oil supplementation on motility, viability, and recovery rate of frozen sperm of Ongole-grade bulls. Semen was collected twice a month from eight 4-5-year-old male Ongole grade using an artificial vagina, followed by macro- and microscopical evaluations. Collected semen was divided into four tubes and diluted with tris egg yolk diluents (TEY) as a control, TEY supplemented with 0.5% red fruit oil (RFO) (TEY RFO0.5), TEY supplemented with 1% RFO (TEY RFO1.0), and TEY supplemented with 1.5% RFO (TEY RFO1.5). The diluted semen was then packed into the straw and equilibrated for 2, 4, and 6 h prior to frozen on liquid nitrogen vapor for 10 minutes. The observed variables in this study were sperm motility, sperm viability, and morphology after equilibration, after thawing, and recovery rate. The experimental design is a completely randomized factorial design. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and were further tested using Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that the sperm motility of fresh semen was 81.10±1.42%. The percentage of sperm motility in TEY RFO1.5 treatment at 6 h equilibration was 60.00±1.06%, significantly higher compared to TEY RFO1.0 and TEY RFO0.5. The percentage of post-thawing sperm motility in TEY RFO1.5 treatment was 62.40±1.09%. The best post-thawing sperm viability in TEY RFO1.5 was 80.70±1.20%, significantly increase from the treatment of TEY RFO1.0 and TEY RFO0.5. The recovery rate (RR) for TEY RFO1.5 treatment had the best percentage at 76.94%. In conclusion, RFO supplementation in semen diluents for 2 h of equilibration resulted in the best motility and viability at 0 h of post thawing observation.