scholarly journals The Effect of Electroacupuncture with Different Frequencies on Muscle Oxygenation in Humans

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kimura ◽  
Takayoshi Ryujin ◽  
Makoto Uno ◽  
Ikuro Wakayama
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Baseline Recording ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Tissue Hemoglobin

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) with different frequencies on muscle oxygenation in humans. The subjects were 8 healthy male volunteers. Muscle oxygenation was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were monitored simultaneously. After baseline recording, EA was given for 15 min and recovery was measured for 20 minutes. The procedure of EA at 1 Hz, at 20 Hz, and at control followed in the same subjects. Tissue oxygenation index (TOI) decreased during EA at 20 Hz (P<0.05) and increased during the recovery period. Normalized tissue hemoglobin index (nTHI) also decreased during EA at 20 Hz and increased during the recovery period (P<0.05), whereas TOI and nTHI in the EA at 1 Hz did not change significantly throughout the experiment. The peak TOI and nTHI values at 20 Hz during the recovery period were higher than the values at 1 Hz and in the control (P<0.05). BP and HR remained constant. These data suggest that the supply of oxygen to muscle decreased during EA at 20 Hz and increased after EA at 20 Hz, without any changes in HR and BP.

Which common NIRS variable reflects muscle estimated lactate threshold most closely?

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Takahiro Yoshikawa ◽  
Taketaka Hara ◽  
Hayato Nakao ◽  
Takashi Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tissue Hemoglobin

Various near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) variables have been used to estimate muscle lactate threshold (LT), but no study has determined which common NIRS variable best reflects muscle estimated LT. Establishing the inflection point of 2 regression lines for deoxyhaemoglobin (ΔHHbi.p.), oxyhaemoglobin (ΔO2Hbi.p.), and tissue oxygenation index (TOIi.p.), as well as for blood lactate concentration, we then investigated the relationships between NIRS variables and ventilatory threshold (VT), LT, or maximal tissue hemoglobin index (nTHImax) during incremental cycling exercise. ΔHHbi.p. and TOIi.p. could be determined for all 15 subjects, but ΔO2Hbi.p. was determined for only 11 subjects. The mean absolute values for the 2 measurable slopes of the 2 continuous linear regression lines exhibited increased changes in 3 NIRS variables. The workload and VO2 at ΔO2Hbi.p. and nTHImax were greater than those at VT, LT, ΔHHbi.p., and TOIi.p.. For workload and VO2, ΔHHbi.p. was correlated with VT and LT, whereas ΔO2Hbi.p. was correlated with nTHImax, and TOIi.p. with VT and nTHImax. These findings indicate that ΔO2Hb strongly corresponds with local perfusion, and TOI corresponds with both local perfusion and deoxygenation, but that ΔHHb can exactly determine deoxygenation changes and reflect O2 metabolic dynamics. The finding of strongest correlations between ΔHHb and VT or LT indicates that ΔHHb is the best variable for muscle LT estimation.

Comparison between maximal lengthening and shortening contractions for biceps brachii muscle oxygenation and hemodynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 710-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makii Muthalib ◽  
Hoseong Lee ◽  
Guillaume Y. Millet ◽  
Marco Ferrari ◽  
Kazunori Nosaka
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Systemic Oxygen

Eccentric contractions (ECC) require lower systemic oxygen (O2) and induce greater symptoms of muscle damage than concentric contractions (CON); however, it is not known if local muscle oxygenation is lower in ECC than CON during and following exercise. This study compared between ECC and CON for changes in biceps brachii muscle oxygenation [tissue oxygenation index (TOI)] and hemodynamics [total hemoglobin volume (tHb) = oxygenated-Hb + deoxygenated-Hb], determined by near-infrared spectroscopy over 10 sets of 6 maximal contractions of the elbow flexors of 10 healthy subjects. This study also compared between ECC and CON for changes in TOI and tHb during a 10-s sustained and 30-repeated maximal isometric contraction (MVC) task measured immediately before and after and 1–3 days following exercise. The torque integral during ECC was greater ( P < 0.05) than that during CON by ∼30%, and the decrease in TOI was smaller ( P < 0.05) by ∼50% during ECC than CON. Increases in tHb during the relaxation phases were smaller ( P < 0.05) by ∼100% for ECC than CON; however, the decreases in tHb during the contraction phases were not significantly different between sessions. These results suggest that ECC utilizes a lower muscle O2 relative to O2 supply compared with CON. Following exercise, greater ( P < 0.05) decreases in MVC strength and increases in plasma creatine kinase activity and muscle soreness were evident 1–3 days after ECC than CON. Torque integral, TOI, and tHb during the sustained and repeated MVC tasks decreased ( P < 0.01) only after ECC, suggesting that muscle O2 demand relative to O2 supply during the isometric tasks was decreased after ECC. This could mainly be due to a lower maximal muscle mass activated as a consequence of muscle damage; however, an increase in O2 supply due to microcirculation dysfunction and/or inflammatory vasodilatory responses after ECC is recognized.

scholarly journals Heart Rate and Muscle Oxygenation Kinetics During Dynamic Constant Load Intermittent Breath-Holds

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne Bouten ◽  
Sander De Bock ◽  
Gil Bourgois ◽  
Sarah de Jager ◽  
Jasmien Dumortier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Peripheral Vasoconstriction

Introduction: Acute apnea evokes bradycardia and peripheral vasoconstriction in order to conserve oxygen, which is more pronounced with face immersion. This response is contrary to the tachycardia and increased blood flow to muscle tissue related to the higher oxygen consumption during exercise. The aim of this study was to investigate cardiovascular and metabolic responses of dynamic dry apnea (DRA) and face immersed apnea (FIA).Methods: Ten female volunteers (17.1 ± 0.6 years old) naive to breath-hold-related sports, performed a series of seven dynamic 30 s breath-holds while cycling at 25% of their peak power output. This was performed in two separate conditions in a randomized order: FIA (15°C) and DRA. Heart rate and muscle tissue oxygenation through near-infrared spectroscopy were continuously measured to determine oxygenated (m[O2Hb]) and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration (m[HHb]) and tissue oxygenation index (mTOI). Capillary blood lactate was measured 1 min after the first, third, fifth, and seventh breath-hold.Results: Average duration of the seven breath-holds did not differ between conditions (25.3 s ± 1.4 s, p = 0.231). The apnea-induced bradycardia was stronger with FIA (from 134 ± 4 to 85 ± 3 bpm) than DRA (from 134 ± 4 to 100 ± 5 bpm, p &lt; 0.001). mTOI decreased significantly from 69.9 ± 0.9% to 63.0 ± 1.3% (p &lt; 0.001) which is reflected in a steady decrease in m[O2Hb] (p &lt; 0.001) and concomitant increase in m[HHb] (p = 0.001). However, this was similar in both conditions (0.121 &lt; p &lt; 0.542). Lactate was lower after the first apnea with FIA compared to DRA (p = 0.038), while no differences were observed in the other breath-holds.Conclusion: Our data show strong decreases in heart rate and muscle tissue oxygenation during dynamic apneas. A stronger bradycardia was observed in FIA, while muscle oxygenation was not different, suggesting that FIA did not influence muscle oxygenation. An order of mechanisms was observed in which, after an initial tachycardia, heart rate starts to decrease after muscle tissue deoxygenation occurs, suggesting a role of peripheral vasoconstriction in the apnea-induced bradycardia. The apnea-induced increase in lactate was lower in FIA during the first apnea, probably caused by the stronger bradycardia.

Near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: can the initial cerebral tissue oxygenation index predict ROSC?

2018 ◽  
pp. emermed-2018-207533
Author(s):  
Jumpei Tsukuda ◽  
Shigeki Fujitani ◽  
Kenichiro Morisawa ◽  
Nobuhiko Shimozawa ◽  
Brandon D Lohman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Clinical Factor ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Study objectivesNear-infrared spectroscopy is a modality that can monitor tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and has potential to evaluate return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study’s objectives were to evaluate whether TOI could be associated with ROSC and used to help guide the decision to either terminate CPR or proceed to extracorporeal CPR (ECPR).MethodsIn this observational study, we assessed the patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with non-traumatic cause receiving CPR on arrival at our ED between 2013 and 2016. TOI monitoring was discontinued either on CPR termination after ROSC was reached or on patient death. Patients were classified into two groups: ROSC and non-ROSC group.ResultsOut of 141 patients, 24 were excluded and the remaining 117 were classified as follows: ROSC group (n=44) and non-ROSC group (n=73). ROSC group was significantly younger and more likely to have their event witnessed and bystander CPR. ROSC group showed a higher initial TOI than non-ROSC group (60.5%±17.0% vs 37.9%±13.7%: p<0.01). Area under the curve analysis was more accurate with the initial TOI than without it for predicting ROSC (0.88, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.95 vs 0.79, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.87: p<0.01). TOI cut-off value ≥59% appeared to favour survival to hospital discharge whereas TOI ≤24% was associated with non-ROSC.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated an association between higher initial TOI and ROSC. Initial TOI could increase the accuracy of ROSC prognosis and may be a clinical factor in the decision to terminate CPR and select patients who are to proceed to ECPR.

Non-invasive assessment of tissue oxygenation parameters in diabetic patients foot sole using near infrared spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. Brindha ◽  
N.P. Guhan Seshadri ◽  
R. Periyasamy
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tissue Hardness ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index

Background and Objective: Diabetic problems are more common in the lower extremity and linked with high mortality rate which affects public health system. The present study focused on monitoring the changes in tissue oxygenation concentrations using Near infrared spectroscopy system along with temperature and hardness of the foot tissues. Methods: Control subjects (without diabetes) and diabetic patients without neuropathy were selected for this study and three standard foot risk areas were considered. Standard induced ischemic stimulus was given to assess the response of the designed system and to analyze the changes in oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin levels during venous occlusion. Results: Results showed significant differences in the tissue oxygenation index value in all three standard areas where oxygenation value at the foot areas were significantly low ( p < 0.05) in diabetic group as compared to control group. Also, significant difference were found in tissue hardness value when comparing between groups, where the diabetic group had significantly high ( p < 0.05) tissue hardness at area 5 and area 8 as compared to control groups. Conclusion: Therefore, the present study concludes that high tissue hardness had significant effect on tissue oxygenation index that affects vascular circulation and this condition could be assessable using NIRS technique in order to find risky areas at the foot sole.

Is mean blood saturation a useful marker of tissue oxygenation?

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. H1289-H1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare E. Thorn ◽  
Stephen J. Matcher ◽  
Igor V. Meglinski ◽  
Angela C. Shore
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Delivery ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Type I ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Arterial Blood Volume ◽  
Spontaneous Fluctuations

Increasingly we are monitoring the distribution of oxygen through the microcirculation using optical techniques such as optical reflectance spectroscopy (ORS) and near-infrared spectroscopy. Mean blood oxygen saturation (SmbO2) and tissue oxygenation index measured by these two techniques, respectively, evoke a concept of the measurement of oxygen delivery to tissue. This study aims to establish whether SmbO2 is an appropriate indicator of tissue oxygenation. Spontaneous fluctuations in SmbO2 observed as changes in concentration of oxyhemoglobin ([HbO2]) and deoxyhemoglobin ([Hb]) were measured by ORS in the skin microcirculation of 30 healthy subjects (15 men, age 21–42 yr). Fourier analysis identified two distinctly different spontaneous falls in SmbO2. The first type of swing, thought to be induced by fluctuations in arterial blood volume, resulted from the effects of respiration, endothelial, sympathetic, and myogenic activity. There was no apparent change in [Hb]. In contrast, a second type of swing resulted from a fall in [HbO2] accompanied by a rise in [Hb] and was only induced by endothelial and sympathetic activity. Thus the same fall in SmbO2 can be induced by two distinct responses. A “type I” swing does not suggest an inadequacy in oxygen delivery whereas a “type II” swing may indicate a change in oxygen delivery from blood to tissue. SmbO2 alone cannot therefore be accepted as a definitive marker of tissue oxygenation.

scholarly journals Exercise-Induced Hemodynamic Changes in Muscle Tissue: Implication of Muscle Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qitao Tan ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Tony Lin-Wei Chen ◽  
Duo Wai-Chi Wong ◽  
Fei Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation ◽  
Oxygenation Index ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Wavelet Energy ◽  
Tissue Oxygenation Index ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery

This research aims to investigate the development of muscle fatigue and the recovery process revealed by tissue oxygenation. The tissue hemodynamics were measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during a 30-min pre-exercise rest, a 40-cycle heel-lift exercise and a 30-min post-exercise recovery. Wavelet transform was used to obtain the normalized wavelet energy in six frequency intervals (I–VI) and inverse wavelet transform was applied to extract exercise-induced oscillations from the hemodynamic signals. During the exercise phase, the contraction-related oscillations in the total hemoglobin signal (ΔtHb) showed a decreasing trend while the fluctuations in the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) displayed an increasing tendency. The mean TOI value was significantly higher (p < 0.001) under recovery (65.04% ± 2.90%) than that under rest (62.35% ± 3.05%). The normalized wavelet energy of the ΔtHb signal in frequency intervals I (p < 0.001), II (p < 0.05), III (p < 0.05) and IV (p < 0.01) significantly increased by 43.4%, 23.6%, 18.4% and 21.6% during the recovery than that during the pre-exercise rest, while the value in interval VI (p < 0.05) significantly decreased by 16.6%. It could be concluded that NIRS-derived hemodynamic signals can provide valuable information related to muscle fatigue and recovery.

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