The Hydrogen Sulfide Donor NaHS Delays Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone Layers by Acting as an Antioxidant

H2S is a signaling molecule in plants and animals. Here we investigated the effects of H2S on programmed cell death (PCD) in barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) aleurone layers. The H2S donor NaHS significantly delayed PCD in aleurone layers isolated from imbibed embryoless barley grain. NaHS at 0.25 mM effectively reduced the accumulation of superoxide anion (·O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA), promoted the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and decreased those of lipoxygenase (LOX) in isolated aleurone layers. Quantitative-PCR showed that NaHS treatment of aleurone tissue led to enhanced transcript levels of the antioxidant genesHvSOD1, HvAPX, HvCAT1, andHvCAT2and repressed transcript levels ofHvLOX(lipoxygenase gene) and of two cysteine protease genesHvEPAandHvCP3-31. NaHS treatment in gibberellic acid- (GA-) treated aleurone layers also delayed the PCD process, reduced the content of·O2-, and increased POD activity while decreasing LOX activity. Furthermore,α-amylase secretion in barley aleurone layers was enhanced by NaHS treatment regardless of the presence or absence of GA. These data imply that H2S acted as an antioxidant in delaying PCD and enhancesα-amylase secretion regardless of the presence of GA in barley aleurone layers.

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Hormonally Regulated Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone Cells

The Plant Cell ◽

10.1105/tpc.11.6.1033 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1033-1045 ◽

Cited By ~ 129

Author(s):

Paul C. Bethke ◽

Jennifer E. Lonsdale ◽

Angelika Fath ◽

Russell L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Aleurone Cells ◽

Barley Aleurone

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Sulfur dioxide alleviates programmed cell death in barley aleurone by acting as an antioxidant

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0188289 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. e0188289 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sha-Sha Wang ◽

Ying-Xin Zhang ◽

Feng Yang ◽

Zhong-Qin Huang ◽

Jun Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Sulfur Dioxide ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Barley Aleurone

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Nitric Oxide Acts as an Antioxidant and Delays Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone Layers

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.002337 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 129 (4) ◽

pp. 1642-1650 ◽

Cited By ~ 242

Author(s):

Maria Veronica Beligni ◽

Angelika Fath ◽

Paul C. Bethke ◽

Lorenzo Lamattina ◽

Russell L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Barley Aleurone

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Old Yellow Enzymes, Highly Homologous FMN Oxidoreductases with Modulating Roles in Oxidative Stress and Programmed Cell Death in Yeast

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m704058200 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 282 (49) ◽

pp. 36010-36023 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Osama Odat ◽

Samer Matta ◽

Hadi Khalil ◽

Sotirios C. Kampranis ◽

Raymond Pfau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ros Generation ◽

Oxidized Glutathione ◽

Wild Type ◽

Antioxidant Genes ◽

Knock Out ◽

Chronological Aging

In a genetic screen to identify modifiers of Bax-dependent lethality in yeast, the C terminus of OYE2 was isolated based on its capacity to restore sensitivity to a Bax-resistant yeast mutant strain. Overexpression of full-length OYE2 suppresses Bax lethality in yeast, lowers endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), increases resistance to H2O2-induced programmed cell death (PCD), and significantly lowers ROS levels generated by organic prooxidants. Reciprocally, Δoye2 yeast strains are sensitive to prooxidant-induced PCD. Overexpression and knock-out analysis indicate these OYE2 antioxidant activities are opposed by OYE3, a highly homologous heterodimerizing protein, which functions as a prooxidant promoting H2O2-induced PCD in wild type yeast. To exert its effect OYE3 requires the presence of OYE2. Deletion of the 12 C-terminal amino acids and catalytic inactivation of OYE2 by a Y197F mutation enhance significantly survival upon H2O2-induced PCD in wild type cells, but accelerate PCD in Δoye3 cells, implicating the oye2p-oye3p heterodimer for promoting cell death upon oxidative stress. Unexpectedly, a strain with a double knock-out of these genes (Δoye2 oye3) is highly resistant to H2O2-induced PCD, exhibits increased respiratory capacity, and undergoes less cell death during the adaptive response in chronological aging. Simultaneous deletion of OYE2 and other antioxidant genes hyperinduces endogenous levels of ROS, promoting H2O2-induced cell death: in Δoye2 glr1 yeast high levels of oxidized glutathione elicited gross morphological aberrations involving the actin cytoskeleton and defects in organelle partitioning. Altering the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione by exogenous addition of GSH fully reversed these alterations. Based on this work, OYE proteins are firmly placed in the signaling network connecting ROS generation, PCD modulation, and cytoskeletal dynamics in yeast.

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Enzymes That Scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species Are Down-Regulated Prior to Gibberellic Acid-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.126.1.156 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 126 (1) ◽

pp. 156-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 143

Author(s):

Angelika Fath ◽

Paul C. Bethke ◽

Russell L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Barley Aleurone

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Vacuolar processing enzymes, AmVPE1 and AmVPE2, as potential executors of ethylene regulated programmed cell death in the lace plant (Aponogeton madagascariensis)

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2017-0184 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (4) ◽

pp. 235-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gaolathe Rantong ◽

Arunika H.L.A.N. Gunawardena

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Leaf Development ◽

Cell Types ◽

Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Developmentally Regulated ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Processing Enzymes ◽

Laser Capture Microscopy

Perforation formation in Aponogeton madagascariensis (Mirb.) H.Bruggen (lace plant) is an excellent model for studying developmentally regulated programmed cell death (PCD). In this study, we isolated and identified two lace plant vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) and investigated their involvement in PCD and throughout leaf development. Lace plant VPE transcript levels were determined during seven different stages of leaf development. PCD and non-PCD cells from “window” stage leaves (in which perforations are forming) were separated through laser-capture microscopy and their transcript levels were also determined. VPE activity was also studied between the cell types, through a VPE activity-based probe JOPD1. Additionally, VPE transcript levels were studied in plants treated with an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG). The two isolated VPEs, AmVPE1 and AmVPE2, are vegetative type VPEs. AmVPE1 had higher transcript levels during a pre-perforation developmental stage, immediately prior to visible signs of PCD. AmVPE2 transcript levels were higher later during window and late window stages. Both VPEs had higher transcript and activity levels in PCD compared with the non-PCD cells. AVG treatment inhibited PCD and associated increases in VPE transcript levels. Our results suggested that VPEs are involved in the execution of the ethylene-related PCD in the lace plant.

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Hormonally Regulated Programmed Cell Death in Barley Aleurone Cells

The Plant Cell ◽

10.2307/3870796 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1033 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paul C. Bethke ◽

Jennifer E. Lonsdale ◽

Angelika Fath ◽

Russell L. Jones

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Aleurone Cells ◽

Barley Aleurone

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Grain filling in barley relies on developmentally controlled programmed cell death

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-01953-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Volodymyr Radchuk ◽

Van Tran ◽

Alexander Hilo ◽

Aleksandra Muszynska ◽

Andre Gündel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Programmed Cell Death ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Cereal Crop ◽

Maternal Plant ◽

Human Diet ◽

Processing Enzymes

AbstractCereal grains contribute substantially to the human diet. The maternal plant provides the carbohydrate and nitrogen sources deposited in the endosperm, but the basis for their spatial allocation during the grain filling process is obscure. Here, vacuolar processing enzymes have been shown to both mediate programmed cell death (PCD) in the maternal tissues of a barley grain and influence the delivery of assimilate to the endosperm. The proposed centrality of PCD has implications for cereal crop improvement.

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