scholarly journals Multiple Genetic Associations with Irish Wolfhound Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Simpson ◽  
Mark D. Dunning ◽  
Serena Brownlie ◽  
Janika Patel ◽  
Megan Godden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
Multiple Loci ◽  
Disease Mutations ◽  
Risk Of Disease

Cardiac disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs and humans, with dilated cardiomyopathy being a large contributor to this. The Irish Wolfhound (IWH) is one of the most commonly affected breeds and one of the few breeds with genetic loci associated with the disease. Mutations in more than 50 genes are associated with human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), yet very few are also associated with canine DCM. Furthermore, none of the identified canine loci explain many cases of the disease and previous work has indicated that genotypes at multiple loci may act together to influence disease development. In this study, loci previously associated with DCM in IWH were tested for associations in a new cohort both individually and in combination. We have identified loci significantly associated with the disease individually, but no genotypes individually or in pairs conferred a significantly greater risk of developing DCM than the population risk. However combining three loci together did result in the identification of a genotype which conferred a greater risk of disease than the overall population risk. This study suggests multiple rather than individual genetic factors, cooperating to influence DCM risk in IWH.

scholarly journals Genetics of Human and Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siobhan Simpson ◽  
Jennifer Edwards ◽  
Thomas F. N. Ferguson-Mignan ◽  
Malcolm Cobb ◽  
Nigel P. Mongan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Genetic Loci ◽  
The Third ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in both humans and dogs. Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) accounts for a large number of these cases, reported to be the third most common form of cardiac disease in humans and the second most common in dogs. In human studies of DCM there are more than 50 genetic loci associated with the disease. Despite canine DCM having similar disease progression to human DCM studies into the genetic basis of canine DCM lag far behind those of human DCM. In this review the aetiology, epidemiology, and clinical characteristics of canine DCM are examined, along with highlighting possible different subtypes of canine DCM and their potential relevance to human DCM. Finally the current position of genetic research into canine and human DCM, including the genetic loci, is identified and the reasons many studies may have failed to find a genetic association with canine DCM are reviewed.

scholarly journals Acute Effects of Pimobendan on Cardiac Function in Dogs With Tachycardia Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Abbott-Johnson ◽  
Kursten V. Pierce ◽  
Steve Roof ◽  
Carlos L. del Rio ◽  
Robert Hamlin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mitral Regurgitation ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Survival Benefit ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Post Dose

Background: Pimobendan provides a significant survival benefit in dogs with cardiac disease, including degenerative mitral valve disease and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Its positive inotropic effect is well-known, however, it has complex effects and the mechanisms behind the survival benefit are not fully characterized. Secondary hemodynamic effects may decrease mitral regurgitation (MR) in DCM, and the benefits of pimobendan may extend to improved cardiac relaxation and improved atrial function.Hypothesis/Objectives: Our objective was to investigate the acute cardiac effects of pimobendan in dogs with a DCM phenotype. We hypothesized that pimobendan would increase left atrial (LA) contractility, reduce mitral regurgitation, improve diastolic function, and lower circulating NT-ProBNP levels.Animals: Seven purpose-bred Beagles were studied from a research colony with tachycardia induced DCM phenotype.Methods: The effects of pimobendan were studied under a placebo-controlled single-blinded cross-over design. In short, dogs underwent baseline and 3 h post-dose examinations 7 days apart with echocardiography and a blood draw. Dogs were randomized to receive oral placebo or 0.25 mg/kg pimobendan after their baseline exam. Investigators were blinded to treatments until all measurements were compiled.Results: When treated with pimobendan, the dogs had significant increases in systolic function and decreases in MR, compared to when treated with placebo.There were no detectable differences in left atrial measures, including LA size, LA emptying fraction, LA functional index or mitral A wave velocity. Heart rate decreased significantly with pimobendan compared to placebo. There was also a decrease in isovolumetric relaxation time normalized to heart rate. NT-proBNP levels had a high degree of variability.Conclusions: Improved mitral regurgitation severity and improved lusitropic function may contribute to the reported survival benefit for dogs with cardiac disease administered pimobendan. Pimobendan did not overtly improve LA function as assessed by echocardiography, and NT-proBNP was not significantly changed with a single dose of this medication. Further studies are needed to better characterize LA effects with other imaging modalities, to better quantify the total improvement of MR severity, and to assess chronic use of pimobendan on diastolic function in DCM.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia in Children with Congestive Heart Failure due to Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goetz Christoph Mueller ◽  
Emmy Lou Schlueter ◽  
Florian Arndt ◽  
Ali Dodge-Khatami ◽  
Jochen Weil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Age Classes ◽  
Clinical Appearance ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Medical Attendance ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Introduction. Anemia is prevalent in adult heart failure patients and appears to be an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this work is to determine the prevalence of anemia in children with heart failure from dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and to evaluate its influence on morbidity and mortality.Methods. A homogenous group of 58 children with congestive heart failure from DCM was evaluated for heart failure symptoms, appearance of anemia, hospitalization, age of first clinical appearance, necessity of transfusion, and death during medical attendance. Anemic and nonanemic patients were analyzed for differences in age distribution, morbidity, and mortality.Results. Anemia was present in 64% of DCM patients. Hospitalization secondary to heart failure was significantly elevated in heart failure patients with anemia (mean versus days per year, ). However, mortality was not elevated. Significant relations of age and prevalence of anemia or age and severity of anemia did not appear.Conclusion. Anemia is prevalent in pediatric patients with congestive heart failure from DCM and appears in all age classes. Hospitalization as a surrogate of morbidity is elevated in heart failure patients developing anemia, but mortality risk did not increase.

Dilated cardiomyopathy: the role of genetics, highlighted in a family with Filamin C (FLNC) variant

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. heartjnl-2021-319682
Author(s):  
Jason N Dungu ◽  
Samantha G Langley ◽  
Amy Hardy-Wallace ◽  
Brian Li ◽  
Rossella M Barbagallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Significant Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Cascade Screening ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Familial Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Filamin C

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heterogenous group of disorders characterised by left ventricular dilatation and dysfunction, in the absence of factors affecting loading conditions such as hypertension or valvular disease, or significant coronary artery disease. The prevalence of idiopathic DCM is estimated between 1:250 and 1:500 individuals. Determining the aetiology of DCM can be challenging, particularly when evaluating an individual and index case with no classical history or investigations pointing towards an obvious acquired cause, or no clinical clues in the family history to suggest a genetic cause. We present a family affected by DCM associated with Filamin C variant, causing sudden cardiac death at a young age and heart failure due to severe left ventricular impairment and myocardial scarring. We review the diagnosis and treatment of DCM, its genetic associations and potential acquired causes. Thorough assessment is mandatory to risk stratify and identify patients who may benefit from primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy according to international guidelines. Genetic testing has some limitations, and is positive in only 20%–35% of DCM, but should be considered in specific cases to identify families who may benefit from cascade screening after appropriate counselling. The management of often complex familial cardiomyopathy requires specialist input for every case, and the appropriate infrastructure to coordinate investigations.

scholarly journals Allostatic Load Indices With Cholesterol and Triglycerides Predict Disease and Mortality Risk in Zoo-Housed Western Lowland Gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117727192091458
Author(s):  
Ashley N Edes ◽  
Katie L Edwards ◽  
Barbara A Wolfe ◽  
Janine L Brown ◽  
Douglas E Crews
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Physiological Dysregulation ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Western Lowland Gorillas ◽  
Load Indices ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Lowland Gorillas

Allostatic load, or the physiological dysregulation accumulated due to senescence and stress, is an established predictor of human morbidity and mortality and has been proposed as a tool for monitoring health and welfare in captive wildlife. It is estimated by combining biomarkers from multiple somatic systems into allostatic load indices (ALIs), providing a score representing overall physiological dysregulation. Such ALIs have been shown to predict disease and mortality risk in western lowland gorillas. In these prior analyses, we were unable to include lipid markers, a potential limitation as they are key biomarkers in human models. Recently, we were able to assay serum cholesterol and triglycerides and add them to our previous ALI. We then re-examined associations with health outcomes using binomial generalized linear models. We constructed ALIs using 2 pooling strategies and 2 methods. By itself, a 1-unit increase in allostatic load was associated with higher odds of all-cause morbidity and mortality, but results were mixed for cardiac disease. However, the best fit models for all-cause morbidity and cardiac disease included only age and sex. Allostatic load was retained alongside age in the best fit models for mortality, with a 1-unit increase associated with 23% to 45% higher odds of death. Compared with previous results, ALIs containing cholesterol and triglycerides better predict disease risk in zoo-housed western lowland gorillas, as evidenced by larger effect sizes for some models and better goodness of fit for all ALIs. Based on these results, we address methodology for future allostatic load research on wildlife.

scholarly journals PTU-055 The association of co-existent non-ischaemic cardiac disease with morbidity and mortality following liver transplantation

Gut ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. A206.2-A206
Author(s):  
H Steed ◽  
J A Leithead ◽  
K Kandiah ◽  
B K Gunson ◽  
J W Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 infection in an infant with severe dilated cardiomyopathy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Aslak Widerøe Kristoffersen ◽  
Per Kristian Knudsen ◽  
Thomas Møller
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Fluid Balance ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Normal Heart ◽  
The Past ◽  
Normal Heart Rate

Abstract A four- and a half-month-old girl with severe dilated cardiomyopathy due to neonatal enterovirus myocarditis, treated with diuretics and milrinone for the past 4 months, was infected with SARS-CoV-2. The disease course was characterised by high fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Cardiac function, as measured by echocardiography, remained stable. The treatment focused on maintaining a normal heart rate and a stable fluid balance. In children with severe underlying cardiac disease, even a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection can require close monitoring and compound treatment.

Ten-year experience with surgical treatment of adults with congenital cardiac disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Wauthy ◽  
Jacques Massaut ◽  
Ahmed Sanoussi ◽  
Hélène Demanet ◽  
Marielle Morissens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Curative Treatment ◽  
Previous Operation ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease

AbstractThe number of adults with congenital cardiac disease continues to increase, and adult patients are now more numerous than paediatric patients. We sought to identify risk factors for perioperative death and report our results with surgical management of adult patients with congenital cardiac disease. We retrospectively analysed in-hospital data for 244 consecutive adult patients who underwent surgical treatment of congenital cardiac disease in our centre between January, 1998 and December, 2007. The mean patient age was 27.2 plus or minus 11.9 years, 29% were in functional class III or IV, and 25% were cyanosed. Of the patients, half were operated on for the first time. A total of 61% of patients underwent curative operations, 36% a reoperation after curative treatment, and 3% a palliative operation. Overall mortality was 4.9%. Predictive factors for hospital death were functional class, cyanosis, non-sinus rhythm, a history of only palliative previous operation(s), and an indication for palliative treatment. Functional class, cyanosis, type of initial congenital cardiac disease (single ventricle and double-outlet right ventricle), and only palliative previous operation were risk factors for prolonged intensive care stay (more than 48 hours). The surgical management of adult patients with congenital cardiac disease has improved during recent decades. These generally young patients, with a complex pathology, today present a low post-operative morbidity and mortality. Patients having undergone palliative surgery and reaching adulthood without curative treatment present with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Univentricular hearts and double-outlet right ventricles were associated with the highest morbidity.

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