scholarly journals Utilization of Waste Materials for Microbial Carrier in Wastewater Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Le ◽  
N. Jantarat ◽  
W. Khanitchaidecha ◽  
K. Ratananikom ◽  
A. Nakaruk
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

This research focused on the ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) removal from the domestic wastewater using the attached growth reactors. Two types of waste material of corncob (biodegradable material) and concrete (nonbiodegradable material) were used as the carrier for microorganisms’ attachment. During operation, both reactors achieved absolutely high performance of ammonium removal (up to 99%) and total nitrogen removal (up to 95%). The significant advantage of corncob carrier was that the corncob was able to be a source of carbon for biological denitrification, leading to no external carbon requirement for operating the system. However, the corncob caused an increasing turbidity of the effluent. On the other hand, the concrete carrier required the minimal external carbon of 3.5 C/N ratio to reach the good performance. Moreover, a longer period for microorganisms’ adaptation was found in the concrete carrier rather than the corncob carrier. Further, the same physiological and biochemical characteristics of active bacteria were found at the two carriers, which were negative gram, cocci shape, and smooth and white-turbid colony. Due to the effluent quality, the concrete was more appropriate carrier than the corncob for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Isomalto-Oligosaccharides Produced by Endodextranase Shewanella sp. GZ-7 From Sugarcane Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2095328
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Tian Deng ◽  
Xueqin Liu ◽  
Xiaohua Lai ◽  
Yanli Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Oligosaccharides have important alimental and medical applications. Dextranase has been used to produce isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOs). In this study, we isolated dextranase-producing bacteria from sugarcane-cultivated soil. Identification of the isolate based on its phenotypical, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid gene sequencing yielded Shewanella sp. strain GZ-7. The molecular weight of the dextranase produced by this strain was 100-135 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH for dextranase production were 40 °C and 7.5, respectively. The enzyme was found to be stable at the pH range of 6.0-8.0 and the temperature range of 20 °C-40 °C. Thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography of the enzymolysis products of the substrate confirmed the enzyme to be endodextranase. Under the optimal conditions, the ratio of IMOs could reach 91.8% of the hydrolyzate. The final products were found to efficiently scavenge the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals. In general, dextranase and hydrolyzates have high potential prospects for application in the future.

scholarly journals Chemical Oxygen Demand and Ammonia Nitrogen Mycoremediation from Domestic Wastewater Effluent using Ganoderma lucidum in a Batch System.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silambarasi Mooralitharan ◽  
Zarimah Hanafiah ◽  
Teh Sabariah Abd Manan ◽  
Hassimi Hasan ◽  
Henritte Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Abstract The fungi-based technology, wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum (WSGL) as myco-alternative to existing conventional microbial-based wastewater treatment is introduced in this study as a potential alternative treatment. The mycoremediation is highly persistent for its capability to oxidatively breakdown pollutant substrates and widely researched for its medicinal properties. Utilizing the non-hazardous properties and high degradation performance of WSGL, this research aims to find optimum conditions and model the mycoremediation treatment design for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) removal in domestic wastewater via response surface methodology (RSM). Combined process variables were temperature (⁰C) (Model 1) and the volume of mycelial pellets (%) (Model 2) against treatment time (hour). Response variables for these two sets of central composite design (CCD) were the removal efficiencies of COD (%) and AN (%). The regression line fitted well with the data with R2 values of 0.9840 (Model 1-COD), 0.9477 (Model 1-AN), 0.9988 (Model 2-COD) and 0.9990 (Model 2-AN). The lack of fit test gives the highest value of Sum of Squares equal to 9494.91 (Model 1- COD), 9701.68 (Model 1-AN), 23786.55 (Model 2-COD) and 13357.02 (Model 2-AN), with probability F values less than 0.05 showing significant models. The optimum conditions were established corresponding to the percentage of COD and AN removal obtained were 95.1% and 96.3%, accordingly at the optimum temperature 25°C at the treatment time of 24 h, meanwhile 0.25% of mycelial pellet with 76.0% and 78.4% COD and AN removal, respectively. The high performance achieved demonstrates that the mycoremediation of G. lucidum is highly potential as part of the wastewater treatment system in treating domestic wastewater of high organic loadings.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Multi Soil Layering (MSL) System in A Household Scale of Wastewater Treatment Using Environmental Friendly Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Badrus Zaman ◽  
Wiharyanto Oktiawan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Soil Layering ◽  
The First Variation ◽  
The Second Variation ◽  
Required Quality

Most community settlements in Indonesia do not have a household scale of a wastewater treatment plant. Fatal impacts on the environment and human health can occur at any time, including (a) causing environmental damage (disaster), (b) damaging beauty/aesthetics for the scenery will be unpleasant and foul-smelling, (c) polluting water bodies, and (d ) endangering health. The purpose of this study is to optimize the Multi Soil Layering (MSL) System to treat domestic wastewater (greywater) using environmentally friendly materials that are available in Indonesia. The research method used the MSL system with the first variation using a batch system with Hydraulic retention time (HRT) for 24 hours and the second variation using an intermittent system with 3, 6, 9 hours HRT. The results showed that the MSL system was able to eliminate COD well. The highest COD removal efficiency was 93.44% at 9 hours HRT, but the effluent quality did not meet the required quality standards. The development of MSL systems that produces an effluent quality that meets the quality standards needs to be studied further.

scholarly journals Fate and mass loading of antibiotics in hospital and domestic wastewater treatment plants in Bangkok, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donwichai Sinthuchai ◽  
Suwanna Kitpati Boontanon ◽  
Pitchaya Piyaviriyakul ◽  
Narin Boontanon ◽  
Ranjna Jindal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Excessive and inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment, especially in low- to middle-income countries. This study investigated the occurrence, relative abundance, and fate of eight antibiotics at each treatment stage in four domestic and four hospital wastewater treatment plants (dWWTPs and hWWTPs, respectively), as well as mass loadings into the receiving water environments in Bangkok, Thailand. Samples were prepared by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Antibiotic concentrations were higher in hWWTPs than dWWTPs; approximately 60 times for influents and 10 times for effluents. Ciprofloxacin concentration increased in most dWWTPs, especially in the aeration unit and return sludge, suggesting that it predominantly occurred in the solid phase. Sulfamethoxazole predominantly occurred in the dissolved form, which is more difficult to degrade, and exhibited high concentrations in effluent. Moreover, antibiotic pollutant loadings were approximately 30–3,530 times higher from dWWTPs than from hWWTPs due to higher daily discharges from the domestic sector. These plants are a major point source of antibiotic residue release to aquatic environments; thus, their efficiency should be improved by incorporating advanced treatment processes to ensure effective removal of antibiotics.

Natural wastewater treatment in Hungary

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szabó ◽  
A. Osztoics ◽  
F. Szilágyi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Natural Treatment ◽  
Poplar Plantations

Over the last few decades more and more natural wastewater treatment systems have been built in Hungary. The present study is the first step in creating a broad database on the water quality parameters and on the pollutant removal efficiency of these systems. The investigation included 78 plants out of which we analysed 16 systems in detail. Four types of natural methods are evaluated: wetlands, ponds, bio-mechanical combined oxidation (BMKO) systems, and poplar plantations. Pond systems are efficient in ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) removal, reducing it with 83% (41-88%). Their chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) removal capacity is only 55% (37-81%). The only BMKO system that could be evaluated performs high CODCr (77%) and total suspended solid (TSS) (89%) removal. Removal of NH4-N and total nitrogen (TN) declines during the years of operation giving an average value of 39% and 49%, respectively. The system is not efficient in phosphorus removal (13%). In wetlands the 71% CODCr (53-96%), and 57% TSS (33-91%) removal provides satisfactory effluent quality most of the time. Wetlands performed low nutrient removal, i.e., 17% (-21-46%) for TN and 26% (-20-92%) for phosphorus. Poplar plantations are very effective in pollutant removal. Even the average removal of each nutrient type is above 75%. Several problems have occurred in the operation of natural treatment systems. However, if carefully planned and constructed, and the required maintenance work is done properly, they can be possible alternatives for wastewater treatment.

Intermittent Aeration for Nitrogen Removal in Small Aerated Lagoon

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koottatep ◽  
C. Leesanga ◽  
H. Araki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Save Energy

Intermittent aeration has been proved to be an efficient method in nitrogen removal in many biological treatment processes. Aerated lagoon has been used as domestic wastewater treatment for a small housing estates in Thailand for quite sometime. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intermittent aeration of aerated lagoon could provide efficient nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater. The experiment was carried out using pilot scale aerated lagoon at Chiangmai University. The result showed that 45% of total nitrogen removal could be achieved by aeration and non-aeration of 12 hours each cycle. The intermittent aeration did not affect organic substances removal of the process. Sludge recycle during non-aeration period may improve total nitrogen removal. The method could be introduced to save energy of small wastewater treatment plant.

Rural domestic wastewater treatment in Norway and Poland: experiences, cooperation and concepts on the improvement of constructed wetland technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Paruch ◽  
T. Mæhlum ◽  
H. Obarska-Pempkowiak ◽  
M. Gajewska ◽  
E. Wojciechowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment

This article describes Norwegian and Polish experiences concerning domestic wastewater treatment obtained during nearly 20 years of operation for constructed wetland (CW) systems in rural areas and scattered settlements. The Norwegian CW systems revealed a high performance with respect to the removal of organic matter, biogenic elements and faecal indicator bacteria. The performance of the Polish CW systems was unstable, and varied between unsatisfied and satisfied treatment efficiency provided by horizontal and vertical flow CWs, respectively. Therefore, three different concepts related to the improvement of CW technology have been developed and implemented in Poland. These concepts combined some innovative solutions originally designed in Norway (e.g. an additional treatment step in biofilters) with Polish inspiration for new CWs treating rural domestic wastewater. The implementation of full-scale systems will be evaluated with regard to treatment efficiency and innovative technology; based on this, a further selection of the most favourable CW for rural areas and scattered settlements will be performed.

Implementation of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs)-Based Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ho Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Air Cathode ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Secondary Clarifier ◽  
Balance Analysis

This paper provides feasibility estimation for actual domestic wastewater treatment under assumptions of a flow of 10,000 m3/d (about 40,000 capita), when air cathode MFCs configurations were adopted. Temperature-phased (mesophilic-ambient) process configurations in which can achieve either better effluent quality (i.e. maximizing treatment) or high energy recoveries is schematized. The performance used in the mass balance analysis of the treatment process conducted here compared with typical values in conventional biological wastewater treatment. Various advantages of using MFCs for wastewater treatment, including energy saving, less sludge production (and perhaps the lack of a need for a secondary clarifier), and no need for sludge handling, etc., were also addressed.

Simultaneous COD and Nitrogen Removal in Up-Flow Microaerobic-Oxic (M/O) Process for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 2739-2744
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhao ◽  
Cui Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

A novel process for improving the energy use and treatment efficiency of the biological nitrogen removal process, up-flow microaerobic-oxic (M/O) process which is composed of up-flow micro-aerobic and aeration was proposed based on a laboratory scale for domestic wastewater treatment, the dissolved oxygen (DO) in up-flow micro-aerobic was in the range of (0~0.5) mg/L. The M/O process performance under different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and Internal return ratio (r) was investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the average removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) were 89.1%, 64.1%, and 96.6 % with effluent concentrations of COD, TN and NH4+-N less than 50,15 and 8mg/L, respectively. The distribution of sludge particles diameter and microbial activity of activated sludge were also measured, the mean particle diameter was in the range of 180~250μm and the SOURT was 13.11 mgO2/(gMLVSSh). Up-flow micro-aerobic (M/O) reactor has the advantages of more stable performance and better resistance to the load shock than the conventional A/O process within continuous running period of 130 days.

Biofilm/membrane filtration for reclamation and reuse of rural wastewaters

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2145-2152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kil-Soo Hyun ◽  
Seok-Ju Lee
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Water Quality And Quantity ◽  
Filter Bed

To cost-effectively meet water quality and quantity requirements for rural areas, the objective of this research was to evaluate the performances of a three-stage process of anaerobic-oxic-anoxic biofilm filtration (AOBF) and membrane filtration (MF) processes and to assess the potential for reclamation and reuse of blended wastewater contained domestic wastewater, black water, and landfill leachate. The AOBF process at < LV 30 m/day showed good removal results of >90% for conventional pollutants (>75% for COD) and >70% for nutrient. Influent step-feeding with 0.8Q into filter bed 1 and 0.2Q into filter bed 2 achieved denitrification efficiency of 5–10% higher than without step feed. Efficiencies of plate membrane removal were greater than 90% for COD and more than approximate 75% for nutrients and heavy metals, respectively. The AOBF/MF system showed excellent removal results of >90–95% for soluble nutrients as well as nonsoluble fractions such as TSS, particulate COD. The effluent of AOBF/MF system met the reuse standard for industrial and agricultural water, while effluent of AOBF met the standard for the effluent quality of wastewater treatment plants. These results indicate that the AOBF/MF system was suitable for rural integrated wastewater treatment by achieving cost-effectively an effluent quality able to be used for industrial, agricultural and water bodies recharge purposes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document