scholarly journals The Vertical Distribution of Sediment Archaeal Community in the “Black Bloom” Disturbing Zhushan Bay of Lake Taihu

Archaea ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfang Fan ◽  
Peng Xing
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Lake Taihu ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Bloom Formation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Biomass Transformation ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Using the Illumina sequencing technology, we investigated the vertical distribution of archaeal community in the sediment of Zhushan Bay of Lake Taihu, where the black bloom frequently occurred in summer. Overall, the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group (MCG), Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Group 6 (DHVEG-6), andMethanobacteriumdominated the archaeal community. However, we observed significant difference in composition of archaeal community among different depths of the sediment. DHVEG-6 dominated in the surface layer (0–3 cm) sediment.Methanobacteriumwas the dominating archaeal taxa in the L2 (3–6 cm) and L3 (6–10) sediment. MCG was most abundant in the L4 (10–15 cm) and L5 (15–20 cm) sediment. Besides, DHVEG-6 was significantly affected by the concentration of total phosphorus (TP). And loss on ignition (LOI) was an important environmental factor forMethanobacterium. As the typical archaeal taxa in the surface layer sediment, DHVEG-6 andMethanobacteriummight be more adapted to abundant substrate supply from cyanobacterial blooms and take active part in the biomass transformation. We propose that DHVEG-6 andMethanobacteriumcould be the key archaeal taxa correlated with the “black bloom” formation in Zhushan Bay.

scholarly journals Effects of Cyanobacteria on Phosphorus Cycling and Other Aquatic Organisms in Simulated Eutrophic Ecosystems

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2265
Author(s):  
Peng Gu ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xin Luo ◽  
Weizhen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Lake Taihu ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Bloom Formation

Cyanobacterial blooms caused by eutrophication in Lake Taihu have led to ecological threats to freshwater ecosystems. A pilot scale experiment was implemented to investigate the relationship between cyanobacteria and other aquatic plants and animals in simulated eutrophic ecosystems under different phosphorus (P) regimes. The results of this study showed that cyanobacteria had two characteristics favorable for bloom formation in eutrophic ecosystems. One is the nutrient absorption. The presence of alkaline phosphatase was beneficial for algal cells in nutrition absorption under low P concentration. Cyanobacteria exhibited a stronger ability to absorb and store P compared to Vallisneria natans, which contributed to the fast growth of algal cells between 0.2 and 0.5 mg·L−1 of P (p < 0.05). However, P loads affected only the maximum biomass, but not the growth phases. The growth cycle of cyanobacteria remained unchanged and was not related to P concentration. P cycling indicated that 43.05–69.90% of the total P existed in the form of sediment, and P content of cyanobacteria showed the highest increase among the organisms. The other is the release of microcystin. Toxic microcystin-LR was released into the water, causing indirectly the growth inhibition of Carassius auratus and Bellamya quadrata and the reduction of microbial diversity. These findings are of importance in exploring the mechanism of cyanobacterial bloom formation and the nutrient management of eutrophic lakes.

scholarly journals Linking Meteorology, Turbulence, and Air Chemistry in the Amazon Rain Forest

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (12) ◽  
pp. 2329-2342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose D. Fuentes ◽  
Marcelo Chamecki ◽  
Rosa Maria Nascimento dos Santos ◽  
Celso Von Randow ◽  
Paul C. Stoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Cloud Condensation Nuclei ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Condensation Nuclei ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Abstract We describe the salient features of a field study whose goals are to quantify the vertical distribution of plant-emitted hydrocarbons and their contribution to aerosol and cloud condensation nuclei production above a central Amazonian rain forest. Using observing systems deployed on a 50-m meteorological tower, complemented with tethered balloon deployments, the vertical distribution of hydrocarbons and aerosols was determined under different boundary layer thermodynamic states. The rain forest emits sufficient reactive hydrocarbons, such as isoprene and monoterpenes, to provide precursors of secondary organic aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei. Mesoscale convective systems transport ozone from the middle troposphere, enriching the atmospheric boundary layer as well as the forest canopy and surface layer. Through multiple chemical transformations, the ozone-enriched atmospheric surface layer can oxidize rain forest–emitted hydrocarbons. One conclusion derived from the field studies is that the rain forest produces the necessary chemical species and in sufficient amounts to undergo oxidation and generate aerosols that subsequently activate into cloud condensation nuclei.

scholarly journals The Vertical Distribution of Marine Macroplankton. II. The Pelagic Young of Teleostean Fishes in the Day-time in the Plymouth Area, with a Note on the Eggs of certain Species

1926 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Teleostean Fish ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

1. Horizontal hauls were made with a “stramin” ring-trawl and a silk net at different depths in 1924 and 1925 to determine the vertical distribution of the pelagic post-larval stages of Teleostean fish in daylight. The depths at which the nets fished on every occasion were obtained by means of a graphic depth-recorder.2. It was indicated that there are specific differences in the behaviour of the post-larvae of various fishes as to their vertical distribution in daylight, some preferring the surface layers, others apparently indifferently distributed from surface to bottom, and others preferring the deeper layers and avoiding the surface; of these last it was found that somespecies became abundant at deeper levels than others. A tentative list of distribution types is given on page 107. 3. Eesults emphasise the necessity when examining the horizontal distribution of young fish of sampling all layers : oblique hauls are to be desired fishing at as many levels as possible. 4. Mention is made of seasonal distribution : the year 1924 appeared to differ from 1925 in that certain post-larvae which were prevalent in the plankton well into June or July in the former year were cut short a month earlier in 1925.The post-larvae of Molva molva and of Lophius piscatorius were unusually abundant in 1924 ; post-larval Gobies (Gobiidce) and Wrasses (Labridce) were extremely scarce in 1925 during the months April to beginning of August.

scholarly journals The Vertical Distribution of Marine Macroplankton. IX. The Distribution of the Pelagic Young of Teleostean Fishes in the Daytime in the Plymouth Area

1930 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Recording Instrument ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Depth Recording ◽  
Made In

In continuation of the study of the vertical distribution of the pelagic young of Teleostean fishes, already reported on for 1924 and 1925 (1), a further fifteen stations were made with the two-metre stramin net in the daytime between April and September in 1926. The collections were made in a manner exactly similar to that for those of the previous years, hauls of ten minutes' duration being made almost always at six different depths with the net towed horizontally as near as possible at the same speed on each occasion. The Admiralty depth-recording instrument was used at every station, and the results for each haul are given in Figures 6 and 7 on pages 666 and 667, which show the graphic records of the path of the net through the water for each haul. (That for June 25th is not included, an unsatisfactory record being obtained on that day owing to the drum of the recorder not having been fully screwed down, see 4, p. 431.)

scholarly journals Vertical distribution of zooplankton in the water column of Lago Amapá, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erlei Cassiano Keppeler ◽  
Elsa Rodrigues Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis ◽  
Intermediate Disturbance ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hypothesis Model ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Vertical Distribution ◽  
Disturbance Hypothesis

The aim of investigation was to study the model of vertical distribution in Lago Amapá, taking into consideration the seasonality of its zooplanktonic composition. Lago Amapá (10º2'36"S and 67º50'24"W) is located in the floodplain of the Rio Acre. Samplings were conducted at three different depths of the water column, to study the vertical distribution of zooplankton populations and determine some physico-chemical and biological parameters of Lago Amapá. Weekly samples were taken with a Van Dorn sampler. The species showed greater concentrations at the by means of water column. Thirty-eight zooplankton species were found in the samples represented by Rotifera (30), Cladocera (5) and Cyclopoida (3). The temperature of the water column showed a tendency toward relatively high values (about 30ºC) with little variation, consequently resulting in low viscosity. Based of Jaccard's index, it was seen that during the low-water phase, S1 and S3 of the three sampling stations studied, had greater similarity (Cj = 0.7058) in the middle of the water column. Lago Amapá showed characteristics in line with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis model, favoring colonization by opportunistic species such as rotifers.

scholarly journals The Vertical Distribution of Marine Macroplankton IV. The Apparent Importance of Light Intensity as a Controlling Factor in the Behaviour of Certain Species in the Plymouth Area.

1926 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
External Factor ◽  
Controlling Factor ◽  
Calanus Finmarchicus ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Results of collections with the ring-trawl to obtain evidence on the vertical distribution of plankton animals in daylight at different times of the year and at night are given.The vertical distribution of Calanus finmarchicus and Cosmelira pilosella is discussed in relation to the distribution of light intensity in the sea.Results show that light intensity is apparently the external factor of greatest importance in determining the vertical distribution of these plankton animals in this region.Many more observations at sea correlated with simultaneous records of light intensity at different depths are required, together with laboratory experiments on the effects of various factors on the behaviour of plankton animals kept under different conditions of light intensity.

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