scholarly journals Incidental Extracardiac Findings and Their Characterization on Cardiac MRI

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gravina ◽  
Luca Pio Stoppino ◽  
Grazia Casavecchia ◽  
Angelo Pio Moffa ◽  
Roberta Vinci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Noninvasive Imaging Modality ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) has recently emerged as a new noninvasive imaging modality that offers superior structural and functional assessment of the heart. cMRI benefits from a large field of view but, consequently, may capture incidental extracardiac findings (IEFs). We aimed to evaluate the frequency and significance of IEFs reported from clinically indicated cMRI scans. Methods. 742 consecutive patients (402 males and 340 females) referred to the Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Center of our University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2016 for clinically indicated cMRI were retrospectively enrolled for the evaluation of IEF prevalence and relevance. The median age of the subjects was 51 years (range: 5–85 years). Results. A significant number of patients who underwent cMRI had incidental and clinically significant IEFs (2% of the population, 11.4% of cases). cMRI allowed a correct diagnosis in 116/131 cases with a diagnostic accuracy value of 88.5%. Conclusions. IEFs on cMRI are not uncommon and lesions with mild or no clinical significance represent the most frequent findings. cMRI can characterize incidental findings with high accuracy in most cases.

scholarly journals Pyogenic and tuberculous discitis: magnetic resonance imaging findings for differential diagnosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiano Gonzaga de Souza ◽  
Emerson Leandro Gasparetto ◽  
Edson Marchiori ◽  
Paulo Roberto Valle Bahia
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Vertebral Bodies

Spondylodiscitis represents 2%–4% of all bone infections cases. The correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment can prevent complications such as vertebral collapse and spinal cord compression, avoiding surgical procedures. The diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical and radiographic findings and confirmed by blood culture and biopsy of the disc or the vertebra. The present study was developed with Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital patients with histopathologically and microbiologically confirmed diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, submitted to magnetic resonance imaging of the affected regions. In most cases, pyogenic spondylodiscitis affects the lumbar spine. The following findings are suggestive of the diagnosis: segmental involvement; ill-defined abscesses; early intervertebral disc involvement; homogeneous vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs involvement. Tuberculous spondylodiscitis affects preferentially the thoracic spine. Most suggestive signs include: presence of well-defined and thin-walled abscess; multisegmental, subligamentous involvement; heterogeneous involvement of vertebral bodies; and relative sparing of intervertebral discs. The present pictorial essay is aimed at showing the main magnetic resonance imaging findings of pyogenic and tuberculous discitis.

scholarly journals Histology results of systematic prostate biopsies by in-bore magnetic resonance imaging vs. transrectal ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alon Lazarovich ◽  
Gil Raviv ◽  
Yael Laitman ◽  
Orith Portnoy ◽  
Orit Raz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: We aimed to compare systematic biopsies (SBs) of in-bore magnetic resonance-guided prostate biopsy (MRGpB) with those performed under transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guidance in the clinical setting. Methods: Data on all 161 consecutive patients undergoing prostate biopsy in our institution between November 2017 and July 2019 were retrospectively collected. The patients were referred to biopsy due to elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and/or abnormal digital rectal examination and/or at least one Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) lesion score of ≥3 on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI). We included patients with PSA levels ≤20 ng/ml and those with 8–12 core biopsies. Histology results of SBs performed by in-bore MRGpB were compared to TRUS SBs. Chi-squared, Fischer’s exact, and multivariate Pearson regression tests were used for statistical analysis (SPSS, IBM Corporation). Results: In total, 128 patients were eligible for analysis. Their median age was 68 years (interquartile range [IQR] 61.5–72), mean prostate size 55±29 cc, and mean PSA and PSA density levels 7.6±3.5 ng/ml and 0.18±0.13 ng/ml/cc, respectively. Thirty-five patients (27.3%) had suspicious digital rectal examination findings. Both biopsy groups were similar for these parameters. Thirty-eight (62.3%) MRGpB patients had a previous biopsy vs. 5 (7.1%) TRUS-SB patients (p<0.0001). The number of patients diagnosed with clinically significant and non-significant disease was similar for both groups. High-risk disease was more prevalent in the TRUS-SB group (22.4% vs. 4.9%, p<0.01). Conclusions: Our data suggest that in-bore MRGpB is no better than TRUS for guiding SBs for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer.

Comparison of spinal magnetic resonance imaging and myelography in cancer patients.

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1663-1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hagenau ◽  
W Grosh ◽  
M Currie ◽  
R G Wiley
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Surface Coil ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Spinal involvement by systemic malignancy is common, and often leads to extradural compression of the spinal cord and/or nerve roots by metastases. Rapid, anatomically accurate diagnosis is essential to the successful management of these patients. We compared spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with conventional myelography in a series of 31 cancer patients being evaluated for myelopathy (N = 10), or back/radicular pain (N = 21). All patients were evaluated between April 1985 and July 1986, and underwent both studies within ten days of each other (median, two days). MRI was performed on a 0.5 Tesla Technicare unit with a body surface coil, and results compared with standard contrast myelography. All studies were reviewed separately and in a "blinded" fashion. MRI and myelography were comparable in detecting large lesions that produced complete subarachnoid block (five of ten patients with myelopathy, three of twenty-one patients with back/radicular pain). In 19 of 31 patients, smaller but clinically significant extradural lesions were found. In nine of 19 cases, these lesions were demonstrated equally well by both modalities; in nine of 19 cases, these lesions were demonstrated by myelography alone; in one of 19, a lesion was demonstrated by MRI alone. Given our current technology, myelography appeared superior to MRI as a single imaging modality. However, MRI may be an alternative in patients where total myelography is technically impossible or unusually hazardous.

scholarly journals Utility of enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in Kounis syndrome: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anthony Matta ◽  
Khaled Elenizi ◽  
Frederic Bouisset ◽  
Jerome Roncalli
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Mri Imaging ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Kounis Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Kounis syndrome is the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome precipitated by an allergic reaction in the presence or absence of underlying coronary artery disease. The syndrome is explained by the effect of released inflammatory mediators on the coronary arteries and platelets. Case summary We report an uncommon case of Kounis syndrome Type II in a 65-year-old man 24 h after being bitten by a hymenoptera. Clinical context, electrocardiogram, coronary angiography, and enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging modality are presented. Discussion Awareness and understanding of this syndrome is essential for starting early and appropriate therapy, thereby preventing life-threatening events. Accordingly, we highlight the importance of enhanced cardiac MRI to complete the assessment of this entity.

scholarly journals Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in early diagnostics of myocardial inflammation after COVID-19: Case series and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-336
Author(s):  
Marija Zdravković ◽  
Slobodan Klašnja ◽  
Maja Popović ◽  
Predrag Đuran ◽  
Andrea Manojlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
Resonance Imaging

Although, in the beginning, it was considered a respiratory infection with bilateral pneumonia as its main manifestation, COVID-19 is more of a multisystemic disease with various extrapulmonary manifestations. Cardiovascular manifestations are caused by direct viral involvement or by the effects of different cytokines on the myocardium and can occur during the acute phase of the disease or in the post-acute stadium. The most common cardiovascular symptoms in the post-acute COVID-19 stadium are fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, and palpitations. Routine cardiovascular diagnostics in these patients is usually without significant findings, although underlying myocardial inflammation may be present. Myocardial damage can also be the substrate for the worsening of heart failure and different potentially life-threatening arrhythmias, which is extremely important for further treatment and prognosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a sophisticated, non-radiating imaging modality that can provide important information regarding left and right ventricle volumes and function, tissue characterization, and scar quantification. It is the golden standard in non-invasive diagnostics of myocarditis. In patients with prior COVID-19 infection and cardiovascular symptoms, typical signs of myocarditis, including myocardial edema, necrosis, and myocardial scarring, may be seen in cardiac magnetic resonance. Also, there are sophisticated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging modalities that can register subtle changes in the myocardium, in terms of myocardial inflammation, without visible signs in standard sequences. We present a case series of patients with different myocardial inflammation patterns, followed by a comprehensive review of potential pathophysiological mechanisms, complications, treatment and prognosis of patients with myocarditis or pericarditis after COVID-19.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Noncardiac Findings in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. May ◽  
William T. Mansfield ◽  
Andrew B. Landes ◽  
Adrian M. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Abnormalities ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact

Purpose. We sought to determine the prevalence of clinically significant non-cardiac abnormalities found in pediatric and adult patients undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), and understand the impact of age on it’s occurrence.Methods. We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing CMRI between May 2004 and July 2007. Findings were considered significant if they required radiographic or clinical follow-up.Results. A total of 408 patients underwent CMRI during the study period. Twenty two (16%) pediatric patients (age < 19 years,n=135) were found to have a total of 22 non- cardiac abnormalities, 3 of which were clinically significant. Sixty four (23%) adult patients (age > 19 years,n=273) were found to have a total of 77 non-cardiac abnormalities, 33 of which were clinically significant. The prevalence of clinically significant non-cardiac abnormalities was 2% in the pediatric cohort and 11% in the adult cohort (P=0.05). Within the adult population, the prevalence of significant non-cardiac abnormalities increased with advancing age (P=0.05).Conclusions. In a population of unselected patients undergoing CMRI, unanticipated noncardiac abnormalities were frequently seen. A small number of these were significant, with the prevalence increasing with age.

scholarly journals 1.5-Tesla Multiparametric-Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Cristian Popita ◽  
Anca Raluca Popita ◽  
Adela Sitar-Taut ◽  
Bogdan Petrut ◽  
Bogdan Fetica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Clinically Significant

Background and aims. Multiparametric-magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) is the main imaging modality used for prostate cancer detection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of mp-MRI at 1.5-Tesla (1.5-T) for the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer.Methods. In this ethical board approved prospective study, 39 patients with suspected prostate cancer were included. Patients with a history of positive prostate biopsy and patients treated for prostate cancer were excluded. All patients were examined at 1.5-T MRI, before standard transrectal ultrasonography–guided biopsy.Results. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for mp-MRI were 100%, 73.68%, 80% and 100%, respectively.Conclusion. Our results showed that 1.5 T mp-MRI has a high sensitivity for detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and high negative predictive value in order to rule out significant disease.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and Myocarditis: Findings from Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Endomyocardial Biopsies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Greulich ◽  
Karin Klingel
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
T2 Mapping ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Cardiac Biomarkers ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients

AbstractDiagnosing myocarditis is still challenging due to its varying presentation ranging from none or mild symptoms to sudden cardiac death. Clinical presentation, electrocardiography, and cardiac biomarkers seem not to be sufficient for a reliable diagnosis. In fact, an unequivocal myocardial characterization is needed, applying endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), a technique which demonstrates high accuracy to histology. Besides the assessment of functional parameters (volumes, ejection fraction), established late gadolinium enhancement and recent T1 and T2 mapping techniques including the calculation of extracellular volume fraction allow distinct myocardial tissue analysis by a noninvasive approach without the need of radiation. However, EMB is the only method which allows the identification of the underlying etiology of cardiac inflammation. Since myocardial damage and inflammation seem to be prevalent in a considerable number of patients even in the mid-term range after COVID-19, CMR and EMB seem to be adequate tools to further investigate these findings. In this article, we will (1) review current knowledge about the role of CMR in the COVID-19 pandemic and (2) report about our own EMB findings in COVID-19 patients in the Cardiopathology Center of our University Hospital.

Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Epilepsy

US Neurology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heath Pardoe ◽  
Ruben Kuzniecky ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Channel ◽  
Epilepsy Diagnosis ◽  
Noninvasive Imaging Modality ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most commonly used noninvasive imaging modality for epilepsy diagnosis, etiologic classification, and management. The availability of 3T scanners and multiple channel coils mean isotropic T2-weighted MRI can also be readily obtained with a similar spatial resolution to T1w MRI. These acquisitions in combination with quantitative morphometric techniques can be used to detect subtle cortical and subcortical brain abnormalities associated with epilepsy. Functional MRI (fMRI) methods including electroencephalography (EEG)-fMRI and resting state imaging have been used to study network activity, such as language and memory in surgical candidates. Diffusion MRI can be used to map white matter pathways and provide an alternative structural view of connections between brain regions. These techniques will increase the yield of abnormalities in epilepsy patients previously considered nonlesional.

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