Busing students for integration did not please Senator John C. Stennis of Mississippi. “[P]arents,” said he, “are not going to permit their children to be boxed up and crated and hauled around the city and the country like common animals.” Senators thinking there was public support for busing ought to “get [their] ear a little closer to the ground.” To help make his point, Stennis and other southern Senators sought to require that new federal desegregation guidelines be enforced uniformly across the country or dropped altogether. Their strategy was simple: to arouse racial feelings in the North and bring the whole desegregation effort to a screeching halt. “If you have to [integrate] in your area,” Stennis informed his northern colleagues, “you will see what it means to us.” On February 18, 1970, the Senate adopted the Stennis amendment, thanks largely to a speech by Abraham Ribicoff of Connecticut charging the North with “monumental hypocrisy” in condemning segregation in the South while tolerating it in its own backyard. Senator Ribicoff, predictably, was denounced for playing into southern hands. But some in the North felt he had “done a rare and useful thing: He has told his colleagues the truth, which is that many of them would rather flay the dying carcass of southern segregation than face the racism in their own bailiwicks.” Swann had flayed that carcass roundly. The case, said the NewYork Times, reflected “the Court’s belief that the school authorities of Charlotte, N.C., and other Southern districts, have openly defied the 1954 Supreme Court ruling that outlawed the maintenance of dual school systems.” That, precisely, was Swarm’s viewpoint. The Court noted that it dealt only with school systems having a “long history” of official segregation. It cited the traditional precedents of southern recalcitrance, expressed impatience with the South’s “dilatory tactics,” and spoke to all the world as if the transcendent issue was how finally to bring the South into compliance with Brown. It implied that southern and northern racism were different animals, that the South practiced an evil segregation known as de jure, while that of the North was more “natural,” de facto.
Second Report of Accidental Intestinal Myiasis due toEristalis tenax(Diptera: Syrphidae) in Iran, 2015
