Neuroprotective and Antiamnesic Effects ofMitragyna inermisWilld (Rubiaceae) on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice

Aim. To assess memory improvement and neuroprotective and antioxidant effects ofMitragyna inermis(M. inermis) leaf decoction on the central nervous system.Methodology. Leaf decoction ofM. inermiswas tested on learning and memory in normal and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice using memory behavioral tests such as the Morris water maze, object recognition task, and elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress enzymes—catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, a product of lipid peroxidation—were quantified. In each test, mice 18 to 25 g were divided into groups of 5.Results. The extract reversed the effects of scopolamine in mice. The extract significantly increased discrimination index in the object recognition task test and inflexion ratio in the elevated plus maze test. The times spent in target quadrant in MWM increased while the transfer latency decreased in mice treated byM. inermisat the dose of 196.5 mg/kg. The activity levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased, whereas the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was significantly decreased after 8 consecutive days of treatment withM. inermisat the dose of 393 mg/kg.Conclusion. These results suggest thatM. inermisleaf extract possess potential antiamnesic effects.

Download Full-text

Antioxidant activity levels and oxidative stress as blood markers of allergic response to drugs

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/o00-085 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 78 (6) ◽

pp. 691-698

Author(s):

Cristina Pérez-Gómez ◽

José M Segura ◽

Miguel Blanca ◽

Maite Asenjo ◽

José M Matés

Keyword(s):

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Enzymatic Activities ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Type I ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidant

Antioxidant enzymes work together in human blood cells against toxic reactive oxygen species. Although their relationship with several pathophysiologic processes has been stated, not much is known about the connection between antioxidant defence and allergy. This study was designed to determine the enzymatic activities and the oxidative indices in the blood and serum proteins in patients suffering from allergy to drugs. We hypothesize that serum and blood reactions may serve as useful clinical marker for the allergic state. We used enzymatic antioxidant activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and carbonyl contents of proteins as suitable markers. We determined superoxide dismutases, glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities in each cell type. After antihistaminics plus steroids were given as part of a protocol treatment, enzymatic antioxidant activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, and carbonyl contents were used as recovering markers for the disease. We found a relationship between antioxidant enzymatic activities, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels, and carbonyl contents for allergic reactions belonging to several type I and type IV allergies, as well as cross-reactive intolerance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and an anaphylactoid reaction to a radiocontrast media. A similar pattern also exists for analogous allergic manifestations and disease-like status.Key words: allergy, blood, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase.

Download Full-text

Intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species during nonhypoxic lung ischemia

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.2.l294 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 272 (2) ◽

pp. L294-L300 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. B. Al-Mehdi ◽

H. Shuman ◽

A. B. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Conjugated Dienes ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Rat Lungs

Surface fluorometry with 40 microM hydroethidine (HE) as a probe was used to detect oxidant generation in isolated, ventilated rat lungs during lung ischemia. Ethidium fluorescence due to HE oxidation was continuously monitored with 470 nm excitation and 610 nm emission. Fluorescence increased with ischemia in O2-ventilated lungs [0.98 +/- 0.08 arbitrary fluorescence units (AFU)/min vs. 0.58 +/- 0.07 with control perfusion]. HE oxidation during ischemia was prevented by N2 ventilation but was unaltered by preperfusion with superoxide dismutase. Ethidium fluorescence in homogenate prepared from lungs subjected to 1 h of nonhypoxic ischemia was increased (16.8 +/- 1.5 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.4 AFU/mg protein in control) but was unchanged in lungs that had been N2 ventilated. Microfluorographs of HE perfused and fixed lung sections demonstrated marked generalized increases in ethidium fluorescence with ischemia compared with control perfusion. Ischemia resulted in significant increases in tissue thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (176 +/- 13 vs. 44 +/- 3 pmol/mg protein for control) and in lung conjugated dienes (0.90 +/- 0.07 vs. 0.48 +/- 0.06 U/mg protein for control), indicating peroxidation of lung lipids. These results indicate that lung ischemia leads to intracellular oxidant generation that can be continuously monitored by surface fluorometry.

Download Full-text

IN VIVO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF LIMNOPHILA HETEROPHYLLA AND MICHELIA CHAMPACA

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i12.22013 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raja S, ◽

Ravindranadh K.

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Reducing Ability ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Michelia Champaca ◽

Different Doses

Objective: The present study was aimed at investigating the in-vivo antioxidant activity of the methanol extracts of Limnophila heterophylla and Michelia champaca leaves.Methods: Methanol extract of both plants were administered to rats separately at three different doses of 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg for 21 d to evaluate oxidative stress parameters such as ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and to evaluate antioxidant enzyme levels of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD).Results: The methanol extracts of both the plants significantly (p<0.05) elevated the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) on days 7, 14 and 21 of treatment. Significant (p<0.05) decrease of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels along with an increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme level in the liver and kidney at three different doses both the plants was observed. Treatment at a dose of 500 mg/kg b. w of both plants caused a significant increase only in the level of CAT in the liver and kidney. However, there was no significant effect of a thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the heart and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in liver, heart and kidney at three different doses both the plants.Conclusion: These outcomes recommend that the leaves of Limnophila heterophylla and Michelia champaca have a potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported pharmacological actions.

Download Full-text

Mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase in rat hypertensive target organs

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1995.268.4.h1418 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 268 (4) ◽

pp. H1418-H1421 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. Ohtsuki ◽

M. Matsumoto ◽

K. Suzuki ◽

N. Taniguchi ◽

T. Kamada

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Hypertensive Rats ◽

Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Target Organs ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Brain

Mitochondrial respiratory chains leak a large amount of superoxide anion radicals, which chain react with membrane phospholipid to develop lipid peroxidation. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is then inducible and catalyzes superoxide detoxification within mitochondria. We examined mitochondrial thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, an end product of lipid peroxidation, and MnSOD concentration in hypertensive target organs of spontaneously hypertensive and deoxycorticosterone acetate salts-induced hypertensive rats. Normotensive rats showed significant increases in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and MnSOD in the brain as they matured. Mature spontaneously hypertensive and induced hypertensive rats showed a marked elevation of lipid peroxidation but no increase in superoxide dismutase in the brain. The heart and kidney presented no significant difference of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase among strains, ages, and treatments. Abnormal mitochondrial metabolism of oxygen radicals was observed selectively in the brain during hypertension and may contribute to mitochondrial injury and lead to neuronal degeneration or susceptibility to brain ischemia in mature hypertensive rats.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of theIn VitroandIn VivoAntioxidant Potentials ofAframomum meleguetaMethanolic Seed Extract

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/159343 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Samuel Okwudili Onoja ◽

Yusuf Ndukaku Omeh ◽

Maxwell Ikechukwu Ezeja ◽

Martins Ndubuisi Chukwu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Assay Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Photometric Assay ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Aframomum meleguetaSchum (Zingiberaceae) is a perennial herb widely cultivated for its valuable seeds in the tropical region of Africa. The present study evaluated the antioxidant effects of methanolic seed extract ofA. melegueta. The antioxidant effects were evaluated usingin vitro, 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazine photometric assay andin vivoserum catalase, superoxide dismutase and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay method. The extract (25–400 μg/mL concentration) produced concentration dependent increase in antioxidant activity in 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazine photometric assay. The extract (400 mg/kg) showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum catalase and superoxide dismutase activity when compared with the control group. The extract (400 mg/kg) showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the serum level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance when compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the seed ofA. meleguetahas potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported pharmacological activities and can be used as antioxidant supplement.

Download Full-text

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/v10181-011-0065-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 443-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Kurhalyuk ◽

H. Tkachenko ◽

K. Pałczyńska

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Brown Trout ◽

Salmo Trutta ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽

Tbars Level ◽

Reactive Substance ◽

Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Resistance of erythrocytes from Brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.) affected by ulcerative dermal necrosis syndrome In the present work we evaluated the effect of ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN) syndrome on resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents and lipid peroxidation level in the blood from brown trout (Salmo trutta m. trutta L.). Results showed that lipid peroxidation increased in erythrocytes, as evidenced by high thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) levels. Compared to control group, the resistance of erythrocytes to haemolytic agents was significantly lower in UDN-positive fish. Besides, UDN increased the percent of hemolysated erythrocytes subjected to the hydrochloric acid, urea and hydrogen peroxide. Results showed that UDN led to an oxidative stress in erythrocytes able to induce enhanced lipid peroxidation level, as suggested by TBARS level and decrease of erythrocytes resistance to haemolytic agents.

Download Full-text