Vitamins E and C attenuates liver injury induced by copper nanoparticle in Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Nanoparticles are widely used in many different fields, and production. However, the ingestion of nanoparticles from environmental pollution may have significant health impacts, which are currently poorly understood. In this study we aimed to investigate the cellular toxicity of copper nanoparticles on liver tissue of Rat, and also investigate the role of vitamin E and C, separately or together, in reducing the cellular damage that may be caused by copper nanoparticles. In this study 56 (5–6) weeks old rats with a weight of 120 ± 10 grams were divided into seven groups, treated with copper nanoparticles for four weeks, then treated with vitamins, either alone or together, for another four weeks where is control. Rats were treated with copper nanoparticles showed changes in the ultrastructure of the liver tissue, in which there was a clear decrease in the number of cellular organelles in hepatocytes. Which show small in their size, and had irregular nuclear envelopes, swelling of the mitochondria, shortening of their cristae and effects on their matrix, an increase in the size of lysosomes, an increase in the number of lipid droplets, and an expansion of the Disse spaces. The treatment with vitamins C or E or both, marked improvement was found in the size and number of organelles. The cells returned to almost their normal state. We concluded that vitamins C and E have a positive role in reducing the toxic effects of copper nanoparticles. We recommended their use in doses of 250 mg/kg/day.

Intake of Vitamin E and C in Women of Reproductive Age: Results from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS)

Vitamin E was identified as a lipophilic compound essential to maintain rat pregnancy. Low vitamin E intake during early pregnancy associates with congenital malformations and embryonic loss in animals and with miscarriage and intrauterine growth restriction in humans. Vitamin E protects cell membranes from lipoperoxidation and exerts non-antioxidant activities. Its function can be restored by vitamin C; thus, intake and circulating levels of both micronutrients are frequently analyzed together. Although substantial vitamin E inadequacy was reported worldwide, its consumption in Latin America (LatAm) is mostly unknown. Using data from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (Estudio Latinoamericano de Nutrición y Salud, ELANS), we evaluated vitamin E and C intake in women of reproductive age (WRA) from eight LatAm countries and identified their main food sources. Two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls in 3704 women aged from 15 to 49 years and living in urban locations showed low average intake of vitamin E (7.9 mg/day vs. estimated average requirement (EAR) of 12 mg/day) and adequate overall vitamin C consumption (95.5 mg/day vs. EAR of 60 mg/day). The mean regional inadequacy was 89.6% for vitamin E and 36.3% for vitamin C. The primary food sources of vitamin E were fats and oils, as well as vegetables. Vitamin C intake was explained mainly by the consumption of fruit juices, fruits, and vegetables. Combined deficient intake of both vitamins was observed in 33.7% of LatAm women. Although the implications of low antioxidant vitamins’ consumption in WRA are still unclear, the combined deficient intake of both vitamins observed in one-third of ELANS participants underscores the need for further research on this topic.

Dietary antioxidants and the risk of Parkinson Disease

ObjectiveTo determine whether high baseline dietary antioxidants and total non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) is associated with a lower risk of Parkinson disease in men and women, we prospectively studied 43,865 men and women from a large Swedish cohort.MethodsIn the Swedish National March Cohort 43,865 men and women aged 18–94 years were followed through record linkages to National Health Registries from 1997 until 2016. Baseline dietary vitamin E, C and beta-carotene intake, as well as NEAC, were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire collected at baseline. All exposure variables were adjusted for energy intake and categorized into tertiles. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for Parkinson disease.ResultsAfter a mean follow-up time of 17.6 years we detected 465 incidence cases of Parkinson disease. In the multivariable adjusted model, dietary vitamin E (HR: 0.68: 95% CI: 0.52–0.90; p for trend: 0.005) and C (HR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.52–0.89; p for trend: 0.004) were inversely associated with the risk of Parkinson disease, when comparing subjects in the highest to the lowest tertiles of the exposure. No association was found with estimated intake of dietary beta-carotene or NEAC.ConclusionOur findings suggest that dietary vitamin E and C intake might be inversely associated with the risk of Parkinson disease. No association was found with dietary beta-carotene or NEAC.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class III evidence that dietary vitamin E and C intake are inversely associated with the risk of Parkinson disease.

Antioxidants and Exercise Performance: With a Focus on Vitamin E and C Supplementation

Antioxidant supplementation, including vitamin E and C supplementation, has recently received recognition among athletes as a possible method for enhancing athletic performance. Increased oxidative stress during exercise results in the production of free radicals, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Despite their negative effects on performance, free radicals may act as signaling molecules enhancing protection against greater physical stress. Current evidence suggests that antioxidant supplementation may impair these adaptations. Apart from athletes training at altitude and those looking for an immediate, short-term performance enhancement, supplementation with vitamin E does not appear to be beneficial. Moreover, the effectiveness of vitamin E and C alone and/or combined on muscle mass and strength have been inconsistent. Given that antioxidant supplements (e.g., vitamin E and C) tend to block anabolic signaling pathways, and thus, impair adaptations to resistance training, special caution should be taken with these supplements. It is recommended that athletes consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which provides vitamins, minerals phytochemicals, and other bioactive compounds to meet the recommended intakes of vitamin E and C.

Evaluation of the effects of vitamins C and E on experimentalorthodontic tooth movement

Background. This experimental study aimed to assess the effects of Vitamins C and E on orthodontictooth movement. Methods. Fifty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: five appliance groups and onecontrol group. The appliance groups had an orthodontic appliance consisting of a closed-coil springligated between the maxillary incisor and maxillary first molar (50 g). Vitamin E and C (150 mg/kg)were injected intraperitoneally per day in the first and second groups, respectively. Vitamins E andC (20 μL) were locally injected into the periodontal gap of the moving teeth in the third and fourthgroups, respectively, once every three days. No vitamin was injected in the last (fifth) appliance group.The experimental period was 18 days. Histological and biochemical (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin,and NTx levels) evaluations of the samples were performed, and maxillary incisor‒molar distance wasmeasured before and after the experiment. Results. The amount of tooth movement was similar in the appliance groups. All the vitamin groupsshowed significantly increased osteoblastic activity, while those treated with systemic vitamins exhibitedsignificantly increased numbers of collagen fibers on the tension side compared to the appliance controlgroup (P<0.05). Conclusion. Vitamin C and E supplements positively affected bone formation on the tension side of theteeth during experimental orthodontic tooth movement.

Vitamin E and Vitamin C Intake Among Lactating Mothers In Jakarta

Background and ObjectivesVitamin E is a lipid soluble vitamin which obtain only through diet. Vitamin E has many functions including antioxidant and well known to prevent lipid peroxidation in membrane cell. Vitamin C helps to regenerate vitamin E back into non radical. Vitamin E and C intake among vulnerable group such as lactating mother still uncleared especially in Jakarta. The aim of this study to determine level of vitamin E and C intake among lactating mothers in JakartaMethods60 lactating mothers aged 20–40 years old in 1–6 months postpartum were recruited on Grogol Petamburan and Cilincing Public Health Centre in Jakarta. This cross sectional study held from March 2019 until April 2019. Vitamin E and C dietary intake were collected with semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used in this study.ResultsThis study showed that median value of vitamin E intake was 6.50 (1.20-43.10) gram/day with 91.7% subjects does not meet vitamin E recommended daily intake (RDA) recommendation (19 gram/day), otherwise 70% vitamin C intake was above RDA recommendation (100 gram/day) with median value is 120.05 (23.0-479.2) gram/day.ConclusionVitamin E intake among lactating mothers in Jakarta was not adequate and far below RDA recommendation but vitamin C intake among lactating mothers in Jakarta was adequate and met RDA recommendation.

Nutritional and antinutritional values of leaves and stems of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

Ocimum tenuiflorum L., commonly known as ruku in Malaysia, is usually cultivated as a garden ornamental plant because of its small purplish and some yellowish flower. Additionally, the young leaves of O. tenuiflorum L. are used to make Nasi Ulam. In this study, we investigated the nutritional values of O. tenuiflorum leaves and stems to find a rich source of essential nutrients needed in daily diet. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometer (GC/MS) methods were used to measure the amino acid and fatty acid content of leaves and stems of O. tenuiflorum L. The result of antinutritional compositions of the leaves and stems displayed as a safe range of compounds that were effective to increase absorption of nutritional compound by body cells. The result of fatty acid profile showed that the butanoic acid as the highest amount of fatty acid content in stems and leave compared to other fatty acid compositions. The result of amino acids profile indicated that αaminobutyric acid and cysteine (non-essential amino acid) showed the highest and the lowest amount of amino acid content in stem and leaves consequently. Vitamin E and C showed the high and lowest amount of vitamins content in the leave and stem, respectively. In conclusion, the result of antinutritional and nutritional contents of O. tenuiflorum L. leaves and stems clearly indicated that the antinutritional compounds were in the safe range. The amount and nutritional content of the leaves and stem proved that this plant a good source to improve our body health system.