scholarly journals The Role of Race and Gender in Nutrition Habits and Self-Efficacy: Results from the Young Adult Weight Loss Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna D. Stephens ◽  
Andrew Althouse ◽  
Alai Tan ◽  
Bernadette Mazurek Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Weight Loss Study ◽  
Nutrition Habits

Overweight and obesity are a massive public health problem and young adults are at high risk for gaining weight once they enter a college. This study sought to examine gender and race as they relate to nutrition habits and self-efficacy in a population of diverse young adults from the Young Adult Weight Loss Study. Participants(N=62)were 29% males, 38.7% white, 33.8% Asian, and 12.9% African American. Males had lower self-efficacy for healthy eating (mean score = 92.5, SD = 17.1) compared to females (mean = 102.3, SD = 13.7,p=0.02). Males had higher consumption of sodium compared to females (4308 versus 3239 milligrams/day,p=0.01). There were no significant differences across racial subgroups in self-efficacy for healthy eating (p=0.67) or self-efficacy for exercise (p=0.61). Higher self-efficacy scores for healthy eating were significantly associated with less total sodium (r=-0.37,p=0.007), greater fruit consumption, and less saturated fat. Our results indicate that weight loss interventions should be individualized and that there may be specific areas to target that are different for men and women. Additional larger studies should be conducted to confirm if racial differences exist across nutrition habits and self-efficacy and to confirm gender differences noted in this study.

scholarly journals “Taking Charge of One’s Life”: A Model for Weight Management Success

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Adams
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Taking Charge ◽  
Weight Loss Treatments ◽  
Weight Loss Study

Obesity is a serious, prevalent, and refractory disorder that increases with age particularly in women who enroll in formal weight loss treatments. This study examined the processes used by obese postmenopausal women as they participated in a formal weight loss program. Using grounded theory, interviews were conducted with 14 women engaged in a formal weight loss study examining success with specific, targeted weight loss treatments based on one’s weight control self-efficacy typology. “Taking Charge of One’s Life” emerged as a model for weight management success, comprised of three phases: engaging, internalizing, and keeping one’s commitment. This study supports the unique, complex, and individualized nature of making a decision to lose weight and then maintaining one’s commitment to weight loss.

scholarly journals Is Adolescent Body Weight Associated With Parental Beliefs About Overweight, Attitudes Towards Food, and the Home Environment?

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dörthe Krömker ◽  
Andreas Stolberg ◽  
Claudia Müller ◽  
Zhe Tian ◽  
Alexandr Parlesak
Keyword(s):  
Home Environment ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Social Cognitions ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Benefit ◽  
Regular Family

<p>Parents play a crucial role in the development of childhood overweight and also in controling overweight. This study investigated a broad set of parental factors, including general attitudes towards food (price, identity, cooking, ecology, mood, dieting, convenience, functionality), social cognitions concerning overweight (risk perception, self-efficacy for exercising and healthy eating, response efficacy for exercising and healthy eating) and characteristics of the home environment (restriction of snacks, regular family meals, parents involved in sports) and their association with their children’s zBMI, i.e. adolescents between 12-19 years old. In a non-clinical sample of 842 parent-adolescent dyads we found that the zBMI is most strongly and positively associated with parental dieting attitudes and negatively with parents’ self-efficacy to motivate their children to exercise. The zBMI is negatively and weakly associated with dislike of cooking, identification with the way of eating and the perceived benefit of healthy eating (response efficacy). Half of the parents assessed their children’s overweight and obesity correctly, while the other half underestimated it. No difference was found with respect to all investigated variables (general attitudes, social cognitions concerning overweight and home environment) between parents who correctly perceive and those who misperceive their children’s weight status.</p>

scholarly journals Young Adults, Technology, and Weight Loss: A Focus Group Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janna Stephens ◽  
Gyasi Moscou-Jackson ◽  
Jerilyn K. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Need Support ◽  
Smartphone Technology ◽  
Group Sessions ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Overweight and obesity are a major concern in young adults. Technology has been integrated into many weight loss interventions; however little is known about the use of this technology in young adults. The purpose of this study was to explore through focus group sessions the opinions of young adults on the use of technology for weight loss. A total of 17 young adults, between 18 and 25 years of age, participated in three focus group sessions. Major results indicated that young adults have very little knowledge on the use of Smartphone technology for weight loss but would like to use this type of technology to help them lose weight. Results also indicated that young adults struggle to make healthy food choices and have priorities that outweigh exercise and they need support and guidance to make better decisions. In conclusion, young adults would be open to using Smartphone technology for weight loss but also need feedback and guidance to help make healthy decisions.

Efficacy of Two Different Materials used in Auricular Acupressure on Weight Reduction and Abdominal Obesity

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (04) ◽  
pp. 713-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Hsiu Hsieh ◽  
Tsann-Juu Su ◽  
Yu-Wen Fang ◽  
Pei-Hsuan Chou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Materials Used

The current study was designed to test the efficacy of different materials used in an auricular acupressure program on weight reduction, changes to waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio. This study used a randomized design with two groups who were treated with auricular acupressure using Semen Vaccariae or the Japanese Magnetic Pearl. Both groups consisted of Asian young adults with a waist circumference ≥ 80 cm in the females and ≥ 90 cm in the males. At completion of the eight-week treatment period, the total sample size was 56 young adults who ranged in age from 18 to 20 years old. Each participant was met with weekly for ten-minute sessions during which ear acupressure treatment was performed. Sessions continued for eight weeks wherein both groups received acupressure with the Japanese Magnetic Pearl or Semen Vaccariae on the ear acupoints. While both groups showed significant reductions (p ≤ 0.05) to body weight and waist circumference after eight weeks of treatments, the group treated with Semen Vaccariae group showed a more effective weight loss over the short term. Given that auricular acupressure is a safe and cost-effective treatment for weight loss, our results suggest that auricular acupressure is a reasonable option for the treatment of overweight and obesity in young adults.

scholarly journals Overcoming Health Promotion Barriers in Rural Health: A Qualitative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 128-128
Author(s):  
John Batsis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Team Member ◽  
Adult Weight ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions ◽  
Weight Loss Study

Abstract Weight loss interventions are fraught with difficulties for older adults in rural areas due to transportation difficulties, reduced availability of staff, and lack of programs. Telemedicine can overcome these barriers. A qualitative analysis of data from 44 exit-interviews from a rural-based, older adult weight loss study, informed by thematic analysis, was conducted. Participant’s age was 73 years (73% female) and BMI was 36.5kg/m2. Distance to the site was 24 miles (31 min). Key themes included: a) telemedicine can help improve one’s health, is more practical than in-person visits, is less costly, and time efficient; b) the majority (60%) were initially apprehensive about using telemedicine, a fear that resolved quickly; c) setting up telemedicine was easy and acceptable, despite a quick learning curve; d) having a team member for troubleshooting was important. Using telemedicine in older adults with obesity residing in rural areas should be considered in health promotion interventions.

scholarly journals Cooking Beliefs and Culinary Program Interest of College Students with Overweight and Obesity from Different Environments (P21-012-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Mahmood ◽  
Jennifer Kleiman ◽  
Rachel Ryan ◽  
Kayla Wong ◽  
Ronald Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
New York University ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives College students with overweight/obesity previously reported a lack of confidence in meal planning/production, which may contribute to current weight status and subsequent weight gain. The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine cooking beliefs of students with overweight/obesity from different environments and 2) assess interest in a culinary-focused, weight loss program. Methods Students with overweight or obesity (BMI > 25), ages 18–24, enrolled in New York University (NYU) or LaGuardia Community College (LCC) were recruited. Participants completed a Qualtrics survey that included: 1) Cooking Attitudes Subscale, 2) Cooking Behaviors Subscale, 3) Cooking Self-Efficacy Scale (SEC), 4) Self-Efficacy for Using Basic Cooking Techniques Scale (SECT) and 5) a culinary program preference questionnaire. Height and weight were objectively measured. Descriptive, Chi square, Kruskal-Wallis, and post hoc Dunn test statistics were conducted. Results Students (N = 91; 19.6 ± 1.6 years; BMI 31.7 ± 5.6) were 64% female and 24% non-Hispanic. Institution type was associated with ethnicity (P = 0.03), with a higher percentage of non-Hispanic students from NYU. NYU students had a significantly lower BMI (P = 0.01) and were younger (P = 0.005). There was a significant difference in the Cooking Behaviors Subscale between institutions, with NYU students having overall lower scores (P = 0.0001). For LCC, there was a significant difference in BMI between the lowest and third quartiles of SECT scores (P = 0.04); students with a higher BMI had lower scores. At NYU, there was a significant difference in BMI between the lowest and second (P = 0.004) and third (P = 0.01) quartiles of the Cooking Behaviors Subscale; the lowest quartile had a higher mean BMI. Regardless of institution, the majority of students were interested in participating in a culinary-focused weight loss program for 6–8 weeks. However, NYU students reported a greater interest in weekly group meetings (P = 0.0001). Conclusions There is heterogeneity in cooking beliefs by college environment and BMI. However, interest in a culinary-focused, weight loss program is high for both 2- and 4-year tertiary institution students with overweight/obesity. Focus groups will be used for the development of population specific interventions. Funding Sources NYU College of Arts and Science Dean's Undergraduate Research Fund Grant (Spring 2018).

693 Sleep Health in the Young Adult Clinic: A retrospective observational cohort study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A271-A271
Author(s):  
Mohamed Eissa ◽  
Shikha Bansal ◽  
Rachael Bosma ◽  
Sarah Sheffe ◽  
Yen Shuang Law ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Transition Services ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction The Toronto Academic Pain Medicine Institute (TAPMI) Young Adult Clinic (YAC) was developed to offer transition services for clients aged 17–25 with persistent pain. It was noticed that YAC patients had significant problems with their sleep and the program was expanded in January 2019 by including a sleep medicine specialist for systematic evaluation of sleep health. Long-term sleep disruption has been associated with increase sensitivity to pain, prolonged pain duration, and predicts chronic pain. The degree of pain relief can directly impact the quality and disruption of sleep. Methods After approval from institutional review board, we reviewed YAC medical charts from March 2018 to April 2019 and extracted information pertaining to demographics, chronic pain and sleep. We present here the preliminary data of our multidisciplinary clinic Results 55 medical charts were reviewed which included 40 females, 13 males, 2 nonbinary individuals, with a mean age of 20.3±2.4 years. 53% of the patients had chronic widespread pain. Symptoms of or disorder of sleep were reported in 72.7% of the patients. The various nighttime disorders of sleep were trouble falling asleep, insomnia, problems with sleep initiation, difficulty in maintaining sleep, poor sleep continuity, frequent night awakenings due to pain, restless leg syndrome (RLS), obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnic behavior, circadian rhythm disorder such as delayed sleep phase disorder. As assessed by Epworth Sleepiness scale, 7% of the patients had mild, 7% had moderate and 2% had severe daytime sleepiness. 42% of the youths demonstrated a low self-efficacy score as per Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ). Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the severity of depression which showed that 5.5%, 27%, 18%, 14.5%, 22% of the YAC patients suffered from minimal, mild, moderate, moderately-severe and severe depression respectively. The information collected on Pain Catastrophizing scale (PCS) suggested that 24%, 29% and 31% were at low, moderate, and high risk respectively in having catastrophizing thoughts and feelings related to pain. There was no statistical difference in the means PSEQ, PHQ-9 and PCS scores of young adults. Conclusion Sleep disturbances may be an important modifiable risk factor for alleviating distress in young adults with chronic pain. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Parental Self-Efficacy as a Predictor of Children’s Nutrition and the Potential Mediator Effect between the Health Promotion Program “Join the Healthy Boat” and Children’s Nutrition

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9463
Author(s):  
Ricarda Möhler ◽  
Olivia Wartha ◽  
Jürgen Michael Steinacker ◽  
Bertram Szagun ◽  
Susanne Kobel
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Promotion Program ◽  
Soft Drink Consumption ◽  
Parental Nutrition ◽  
Children's Nutrition

Overweight and obesity, as well as their associated risk factors for diseases, are already prevalent in childhood and, therefore, promoting healthy eating is important. Parental self-efficacy (PSE) and early health-promotion can be helpful in promoting healthy eating. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of PSE on children’s nutrition behavior and identify PSE as a mediator between an intervention and children’s nutrition. The kindergarten-based health-promotion program “Join the Healthy Boat” was evaluated in a randomized controlled trial with 558 children (4.7 ± 0.6 years; 52.3% male) participating at both times. Linear and logistic regressions as well as mediation analyses with potential covariates such as parental outcome expectancies or parental nutrition were carried out using questionnaire data. In children, PSE was positively associated with fruit and vegetable intake (β = 0.237; p < 0.001) and showed a protective effect on soft drink consumption (OR 0.728; p = 0.002). Parental nutrition was a stronger predictor of children’s intake of fruit, vegetables (β = 0.451; p < 0.001), and soft drinks (OR 7.188; p < 0.001). There was no mediator effect of PSE. However, outcome expectancies were associated with PSE (β = 0.169; p = 0.032). In conclusion, interventions should promote self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and healthy nutrition for parents as well in order to strengthen the healthy eating habits of children.

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