scholarly journals Synchronous Seminoma in Abdominopelvic and Inguinal Testes: A Rare Presentation with Unusual Morphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Neha Prabhakar ◽  
Bhawna Sethi ◽  
Seema Nagger ◽  
Arun Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cryptorchid Testis ◽  
Abdominal Testis

The development of testes occurs in the abdomen during fetal life, after which they migrate into the scrotal sacs during the third trimester. During their descent, they may get arrested anywhere along the tract. Risk of testicular cancer is higher in patients with undescended testes, abdominal testis being more prone than inguinal. Seminoma is the commonest cancer in undescended testis. However, synchronous seminoma involving bilateral cryptorchid testis is rare. Present case is uncommon due to synchronous involvement of abdominopelvic and inguinal testes in extended age. It also exhibited unusual morphology with marked heterogeneity grossly as well as microscopically, instead of a common homogenous appearance.

Undescended testis and inguinoscrotal conditions in children

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F.M Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Torsion ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Cell Maturation ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Processus Vaginalis ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
The Third ◽  
Inguinal Hernias

The testis descends in response to androgen stimulation in the third trimester of pregnancy. Germ cell maturation which normally occurs in early childhood is impaired or absent in undescended testes. The well-documented phenomenon of secondary ascent is now thought to account for a sizeable proportion of boys undergoing orchidopexy in later childhood. Inguinal hernias and communicating hydroceles are caused by persistence of a patent processus vaginalis. Surgery is always indicated for inguinal hernias but the majority of communicating hydroceles resolve spontaneously. Testicular torsion accounts for 90% acute scrotal symptoms in adolescents, in whom urgent surgical exploration is mandatory unless there is compelling evidence of an alternative diagnosis. Treatment is rarely justified for asymptomatic varicoceles in this age group.

Anemia in Preterm Infants

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 370-370
Author(s):  
Philip Roth
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Extremely Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Newborns

During fetal life, hemoglobin concentration increases from a level of 9 g/dL at l0 weeks' to 14 to 15 g/dL at 22 to 24 weeks' gestation. By the middle of the third trimester, concentrations close to those observed at birth (16 to 17 g/dL) are reached, and little additional change occurs. As a result, cord hemoglobin concentrations in term and preterm newborns are very similar, with the possible exception of the most extremely preterm infants. Immediately after birth, the hemoglobin concentration begins to rise from the combined effects of placental transfusion and the postnatal readjustment of plasma volume. At approximately 8 to 12 hours of life, the hemoglobin plateaus at levels 1 to 2 g/dL above those observed at birth (about 18 g/dL).

scholarly journals Seminoma in Undescended Intra Abdominal Testis: A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
AB Siddique ◽  
ABMG Rabbani ◽  
MA Quasem ◽  
AKMG Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Testicular Tumor ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Cryptorchid Testis ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Abdominal Testis

A mass in the lower abdomen in a sexually active man with a cryptorchid testis strongly points towards the diagnosis of malignancy in the abdominal testis.1 The incidence of testicular tumor is 11 times more in inguinal testes and 50 times more in intra abdominal testes. 2 Normally, the testes, which are inside the abdomen during gestation, migrate into the scrotum by the time of birth. Occasionally, boys are born with testes that are still in the abdomen or in the groin, not having completed their journey to the scrotum. These undescended testes are at high risk of cancer and should be moved into the scrotum at an early age or removed entirely.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3194 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 131-133

The sonographic detection rate of undescended testes in the third trimester

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. A138-A138
Author(s):  
I. Wolman ◽  
I. Gull ◽  
J. Hartoov ◽  
R. Amaster ◽  
J.B. Lessing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
The Third

Sonographic Detection of Undescended Testes in the Third Trimester

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Fait ◽  
Yoval Yaron ◽  
Daniel Shenhar ◽  
Ilan Gull ◽  
Joseph Har-Toov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Trimester ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
The Third

scholarly journals Gallstone-Induced Perforation of the Common Bile Duct in Pregnancy

HPB Surgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Dabbas ◽  
M. Abdelaziz ◽  
K. Hamdan ◽  
B. Stedman ◽  
M. Abu Hilal
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Emergency Laparotomy ◽  
Gallstone Pancreatitis ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Distal Common Bile Duct ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Common ◽  
Acute Gallstone Pancreatitis

Spontaneous perforation of the extrahepatic biliary system is a rare presentation of ductal stones. We report the case of a twenty-year-old woman presenting at term with biliary peritonitis caused by common bile duct (CBD) perforation due to an impacted stone in the distal common bile duct. The patient had suffered a single herald episode of acute gallstone pancreatitis during the third trimester. The patient underwent an emergency laparotomy, bile duct exploration, and removal of the ductal stone. The postoperative course was uneventful.

Slow, programmed maturation of the immunoglobulin HCDR3 repertoire during the third trimester of fetal life

Blood ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 2745-2751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry W. Schroeder ◽  
Liming Zhang ◽  
Joseph B. Philips
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activation ◽  
Length Distribution ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Antibody Repertoire ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
B Cell Activation ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Developmental Progression ◽  
The Mean

Abstract The mean distribution of lengths in the third complementarity-determining region of the heavy chain (HCDR3) serves as a measure of the development of the antibody repertoire during ontogeny. To determine the timing and pattern of HCDR3 length maturation during the third trimester of pregnancy, the mean distribution of HCDR3 lengths among variable-diversity-joining-constant–μ (VDJCμ) transcripts from the cord blood was analyzed from 138 infants of 23 to 40 weeks' gestation, including 3 sets of twins, 2 of which were of dizygotic origin. HCDR3 maturation begins at the start of the third trimester; follows a slow, continuous expansion over a 5-month period; and is unaffected by race or sex. The range and mean distribution of lengths may vary in dizygotic twins, indicating individual rates of development. The mean HCDR3 length distribution in 10 premature infants with documented bacterial sepsis was then followed for 2 to 12 weeks after their first positive blood culture. HCDR3 spectrotype analysis demonstrated oligoclonal B-cell activation and expansion after sepsis, but maturation of the repertoire was not accelerated even by the systemic exposure to external antigen represented by bacteremia. Antibody repertoire development appears to be endogenously controlled and adheres to an individualized developmental progression that probably contributes to the relative immaturity of the neonatal immune response.

scholarly journals Fetal and Postnatal Growth and Body Composition at 6 Months of Age

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 2023-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamise Ay ◽  
Vera A. A. Van Houten ◽  
Eric A. P. Steegers ◽  
Albert Hofman ◽  
Jacqueline C. M. Witteman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Postnatal Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
The Third ◽  
Catch Up

Abstract Objectives: The objectives of the study was to examine which parental, fetal, and postnatal characteristics are associated with fat and lean mass at the age of 6 months and examine the effect of growth (catch-down, catch-up) in fetal life and early infancy on fat and lean mass. Design: This study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a prospective cohort study from early fetal life onward. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 252 infants at 6 months. Parental, fetal, and postnatal data were collected by physical and fetal ultrasound examinations and questionnaires. Results: Children with fetal catch-up in weight (gain in weight sd score >0.67) in the second trimester tended to have a higher fat mass percentage [FM(%)] at 6 months of age, whereas children with fetal catch-down in weight had a lower FM(%) compared with nonchangers. In the third trimester, both catch-up and catch-down in weight were associated with an increase in FM(%) at 6 months. Children with catch-down in the third trimester had a greater risk for postnatal catch-up in weight greater than 0.67 sd score. Birth weight and weight at 6 wk were positively associated with fat mass at 6 months. Postnatal catch-up in weight within 6 wk after birth had the highest association with total and truncal FM(%) at 6 months. Total and truncal FM were higher in girls. Conclusion: Catch-down in weight in the third trimester was strongly associated with postnatal catch-up within 6 wk after birth, and both were associated with an increase in fat mass at the age of 6 months. Our study shows that fetal as well as postnatal growth patterns are associated with body composition in early childhood.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of patients with testicular tumors in cryptorchid testis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 428-428
Author(s):  
Amit Joshi ◽  
Vijai Simha ◽  
Kumar Prabhash ◽  
Vanita Noronha ◽  
Santosh Menon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Germ Cell Tumours ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Testicular Tumours ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Cryptorchid Testis

428 Background: Undescended testis which occurs in 2-4% of all boys confers a natural risk for development of testicular cancer. Cryptorchidism accounts for 10% of all testicular germ cell tumours. The presentation, natural history and outcomes of testicular tumours occurring in cryptorchid testis has not been described in literature so far. Methods: Case records of patients enlisted in the prospectively maintained ‘ testicular cancer database’ at our tertiary cancer care hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Any patient who presented with testicular germ cell tumour with the testis being absent in the scrotum was considered as ‘undescended testis’. Results: From our database of 490 patients with testicular tumours presenting from the year 2014 -2018, 42 patients had testicular cancer in cryptorchid testis. The mean age was 32.9 years (Range:17-56). 24(57.14%) had seminoma and 18(42.86%) had non seminomatous tumors. Orchidopexy was done in 22(52.3%) patients at median age of 30 yrs (Range 2-33). 23 patients had prior undescended testis underwent high inguinal orchidectomy, 13 patients had testis located in pelvis and 6 patient had testis located in the upper abdomen. The average maximum size of tumours presenting with after orchidopexy was 7.34cm (4-10.5cm), in those presenting with pelvic tumours was 9.86cm (7-12.6cm) and in those with intraabdominal tumours was 14.3cm (9-20cm). The median follow-up for these patients was 36 months (3-64 months). There were 6 patients who relapsed after front line therapy whom 3 were salvaged with second line chemotherapy and 2 patients had residual disease at their last follow up. There was one death due to disseminated tumour with brain metastasis. The disease free survival for the whole cohort was 92.85%. Conclusions: The tumours developing in intraabdominal location of testis presented with a larger size and orchiopexy apart from its role in prevention of testicular cancer also helps in surveillance and early detection leading to effective treatment of these highly curable cancers. In the first of its series on testicular tumours in the cryptorchid, we show that they are also as curable as the germ cell tumours developing in the descended testis.

Anatomy and Growth of the Fetal Soft Palate: A Cadaveric Study to Improve Its Ultrasonographic Observation

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Captier ◽  
Jean-Michel Faure ◽  
Marcel Baümler ◽  
François Bonnel ◽  
Jean-Pierre Daures
Keyword(s):  
Soft Palate ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Nonlinear Growth ◽  
The Third ◽  
Anterior Cranial Base ◽  
3D Ultrasonography

Objective: To determine the anatomy of the soft and hard palate during fetal growth in order to improve its ultrasonographic prenatal visualization. Design: Anatomic study in human formalin-fixed fetus. Methods: The heads of 18 second and third trimester fetuses were studied in the median sagittal plan. Measurements of the soft palate, the velopharynx, the root of the tongue, and the oral floor were taken. The hard palate/soft palate angle and the anterior cranial base/soft palate angle were measured. Results: The growth of the hard palate was linear, and the growth of the soft palate was polynomial (second order) during the period studied. The hard palate/soft palate angle was 150.33° ± 7.62 and 150.20° ± 6.67 in the second and third trimester, respectively. The anterior position of the soft palate in relation to the anterior cranial base was 48.8° ± 3.13 in the second trimester and 52.26° ± 3.31 in the third trimester. Its posterior position was 89.66° ± 5.51 in the second trimester and 92.97° ± 4.01 in the third trimester. Throughout the fetal period, the soft palate moved downward relative to the clivus and cervical spine. Conclusions: Despite the nonlinear growth and downward displacement of the soft palate during fetal life, its position remains stable. These results may be useful to explore the fetal soft palate using 2D and 3D ultrasonography and to improve the prenatal diagnosis of isolated cleft palate.

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