scholarly journals Essential Oil Constituents ofTanacetum cilicicum: Antimicrobial and Phytotoxic Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Ulukanli ◽  
Salih Demirci ◽  
Murat Yilmaztekin
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
First Report ◽  
Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
East Mediterranean Region

Aerial parts ofTanacetum cilicicumwere hydrodistillated for 3 h using Clevenger. Essential oil (EO) yield was 0.4% (v/w). According to the GC/MS analyses, EO ofT. cilicicumconsisted of monoterpenes [α-pinene (2.95 ± 0.19%), sabinene (2.32 ± 0.11%), and limonene (3.17 ± 0.25)], oxygenated monoterpenes [eucalyptol (5.08 ± 0.32%), camphor (3.53 ± 0.27%), linalool (7.01 ± 0.32%),α-terpineol (3.13 ± 0.23%), and borneol (4.21 ± 0.17%)], and sesquiterpenes [sesquisabinene hydrate (6.88 ± 0.41%), nerolidol (4.90 ± 0.33%),α-muurolol (4.57%  ± 0.35), spathulanol (2.98 ± 0.12%), juniper camphor (2.68 ± 0.19%), (-)-caryophyllene oxide (2.64 ± 0.19%), 8-hydroxylinalool (2.62 ± 0.15%), andΔ-cadinene (2.48 ± 0.16%)]. In the antimicrobial assay, MIC/MBC values of the EO were the most significant onB. subtilis(0.39/0.78 µL/mL) andB. cereus(0.78/1.56 µL/mL).The most prominent phytotoxic activities of the EO were observed onL. sativa,L. sativum, andP. oleracea. The results of the present study indicated that EO ofT. cilicicumincludes various medicinally and industrially crucial phytoconstituents that could be in use for industrial applications. The finding of this study is the first report on this species from the East Mediterranean region.

THE COSMIC JOURNEY OF ODYSSEUS

Numen ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanno Marinatos
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Near East ◽  
British Museum ◽  
Polar Axis ◽  
The Sun ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Universe ◽  
East Mediterranean Region

AbstractIn vain have scholars tried to produce a coherent geographical picture of Odysseus' travels. It is argued here that Odysseus makes a cosmic journey at the edges of the earth (perata ges), a phrase used in the text to describe several lands that the hero visits. The cosmic journey was a genre current in the East Mediterranean region in the Iron Age. It was modeled on the Egyptian the journey of the sun god who travels twelve hours in the darkness of the underworld and twelve hours in the sky. Evidence of similar concepts in the Near East is provided by a Babylonian circular map (now in the British Museum) as well as by Phoenician circular bowls. Gilgamesh seems to perform a cosmic journey. As well, Early Greek cosmology utilizes the concept of a circular cosmos. Odysseus' journey spans the two cosmic junctures of the universe: East, where Circe resides, and West, where Calypso lives. Another polar axis is the underworld and the island of the sun.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of the essential oil terpenoids in the stem and leaf of Ziziphora clinopodioides in the regions of Almeh and Sojough of Golestan province, Iran

2012 ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouneh Ebrahimi ◽  
Akram Mirarab-Razi ◽  
Abbas Biabani
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Oxygenated Monoterpenes ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Golestan Province

Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation was used to isolate essential oil from the leaf and stem of Ziziphora clinopodioides collected in the flowering stage on two locations, Almeh and Sojogh, of the Golestan Province (Iran), in June of 2009. The total contents of monoterpene and sesquiterpene fractions (52.45% and 1.08%, respectively) in the leaf oil of Almeh plants were higher than those of Sojogh (46.64% and 0.12%, respectively). The essential oil of the stem of the plants from Sojogh was characterized by the presence of eight oxygenated monoterpenes (22.17%), while four oxygenated monoterpenes (11.15%), one monterpene hydrocarbon (2.71%), and one oxygenated sesquiterpene (0.21%) were found in the plants from the region of Almeh. The analysis of the essential oil of dried aerial parts showed the presence of oxygenated monoterpenes pulegone and menthol (the region of Sojogh) and pulegone, 1,8-cineol, D-neoisomenthol and chrysanthenone (the region of Almeh), as the main constituents. Also, chrysanthenone (9.75%), found as the second major component of the leaf of Z. clinopodioides of Almeh, was not identified as the oil component of the other region. The results obtained on the chemical composition of Z. clinopodioides oil of two regions from the Golestan Province revealed that in general, that there are some differences in the major components and their relative concentrations. This may be probably due to the different environmental and genetic factors, different chemotypes and the nutritional status of the plants, as well as other factors that can influence the oil composition.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document