scholarly journals Photocatalytic Efficiency of TiO2-Biomass Loaded Mixture for Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devagi Kanakaraju ◽  
Soon Pang Wong
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Photocatalytic Efficiency ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Sago Bark ◽  
Mixture Sample

The objective of this study was to assess the efficiency of a novel TiO2/modified sago bark (TiO2/MSB) mixture for the degradation of sago wastewater effluent by employing response surface methodology (RSM) using chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal as the target parameter. The highest COD removal of 64.92% was obtained using TiO2/MSB mixture sample prepared by combining 0.2 g/L TiO2and 1 w/w% MSB. Given that the highest removal was produced using this mixture sample, further optimisation of sago wastewater treatment was conducted by varying the independent variables, namely, dosage and contact time. Under this optimum condition, 0.10 g of 0.2 g/L TiO2/1% MSB had successfully reduced 52.83% COD in 120 min. Surface morphology, functional groups, and elemental analysis supported observations of the ability of TiO2/MSB mixture to remove COD. Additionally, aeration had further improved COD removal by 11%. The regression value (R2>0.99) of the model indicated a high degree of correlation between the evaluated parameters. These results proved the feasibility of TiO2photocatalysis as an appealing alternative protocol for sago wastewater treatment and solid waste from the industry can be utilised for wastewater degradation.

scholarly journals Bioelectricity production from tofu wastewater using microbial fuel cells with microalgae Spirulina sp as catholyte

2020 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
pp. 08007
Author(s):  
Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi ◽  
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Muthi’ah Nur Fadlilah
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Salt Bridge ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Made In

Microalgae-Microbial Fuel Cells (MMFCs) are very popular to be used to treat organic waste. MMFCs can function as an energy-producing wastewater pre-treatment system. Wastewater can provide an adequate supply of nutrients, support the large capacity of biofuel production, and can be integrated with existing wastewater treatment infrastructure. The reduced content of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is one way to measure the efficiency of wastewater treatment. MMFCs reactors are made in the form of two chambers (anode and cathode) both of which are connected by a salt bridge. Tofu wastewater as an anode and Spirulina sp as a cathode. To improve MFCs performance which is to obtain maximum COD removal and electricity generation, nutrient NaHCO3 as the nutrient carbon source for Spirulina sp was varied. The system running phase on 12 days. The results were Spirulina sp treated with MFCs technology has better growth than non-MFCs. The MMFC generated a maximum power density of 21.728 mW/cm2 and achieved 57.37% COD removal. These results showed that the combined process was effective in treating tofu wastewater.

scholarly journals Effect of Anolyte pH on the Performance of a Dual-Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell Operated with Different Biomass Feed

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Halim ◽  
Md. Owaleur Rahman ◽  
Mohammad Ibrahim ◽  
Rituparna Kundu ◽  
Biplob Kumar Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
River Water ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Bioelectricity Generation ◽  
Alternative Energy Resources

Finding sustainable alternative energy resources and treating wastewater are the two most important issues that need to be solved. Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology has demonstrated a tremendous potential in bioelectricity generation with wastewater treatment. Since wastewater can be used as a source of electrolyte for the MFC, the salient point of this study was to investigate the effect of pH on bioelectricity production using various biomass feed (wastewater and river water) as the anolyte in a dual-chambered MFC. Maximum extents of power density (1459.02 mW·m−2), current density (1288.9 mA·m−2), and voltage (1132 mV) were obtained at pH 8 by using Bhairab river water as a feedstock in the MFC. A substantial extent of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (94%) as well as coulombic efficiency (41.7%) was also achieved in the same chamber at pH 8. The overall performance of the MFC, in terms of bioelectricity generation, COD removal, and coulombic efficiency, indicates a plausible utilization of the MFC for wastewater treatment as well as bioelectricity production.

scholarly journals Combined Application of UV Photolysis and Ozonation with Biological Aerating Filter in Tertiary Wastewater Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoqian Jing ◽  
Shiwei Cao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Uv Photolysis ◽  
Combined Application

To enhance the biodegradability of residual organic pollutants in secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants, UV photolysis and ozonation were used in combination as pretreatment before a biological aerating filter (BAF). The results indicated that UV photolysis could not remove much COD (chemical oxygen demand), and the performance of ozonation was better than the former. With UV photolysis combined with ozonation (UV/O3), COD removal was much higher than the sum of that with UV photolysis and ozonation alone, which indicated that UV photolysis could efficiently promote COD removal during ozonation. This pretreatment also improved molecular weight distribution (MWD) and biodegradability greatly. Proportion of organic compounds with molecular weight (MW) <3 kDalton was increased from 51.9% to 85.9%. COD removal rates with BAF and O3/BAF were only about 25% and 38%, respectively. When UV/O3oxidation was combined with BAF, the average COD removal rate reached above 61%, which was about 2.5 times of that with BAF alone. With influent COD ranging from 65 to 84 mg/L, the effluent COD was stably in the scope of 23–31 mg/L. The combination of UV/O3oxidation with BAF was quite efficient in organic pollutants removal for tertiary wastewater treatment.

Biological treatment of printing ink wastewater

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Zhang ◽  
H. Shi ◽  
Y. Qian
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Airlift Loop ◽  
Ceramic Honeycomb ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
P Sources

Printing ink wastewater is usually very difficult to treat biologically and its chemical oxygen demand (COD) far exceeds standards of discharge. The COD in wastewater is usually 3,000 to 8,000 mg/L after flocculation and sedimentation. Herein, a strain of bacterium was isolated from the sludge and identified as Bacillus sp. and utilized to treat printing ink wastewater. The application of bacteria to degrade printing ink in wastewater is discussed in this paper. The influence of N and P sources on COD removal, and COD removal in combination with glucose was also discussed. More than 85 per cent of the COD could be removed using the proposed biological process. A novel internal airlift loop bioreactor with bacteria immobilized onto ceramic honeycomb support was used for the wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Bioaugmentation with Mixed Hydrogen-Producing Acetogen Cultures Enhances Methane Production in Molasses Wastewater Treatment

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Jianzheng Li ◽  
Guochen Zheng ◽  
Guocheng Du ◽  
Ji Li
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Molasses Wastewater ◽  
Cod Removal Rate ◽  
Rate Limiting

Hydrogen-producing acetogens (HPA) have a transitional role in anaerobic wastewater treatment. Thus, bioaugmentation with HPA cultures can enhance the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and CH4yield of anaerobic wastewater treatment. Cultures with high degradation capacities for propionic acid and butyric acid were obtained through continuous subculture in enrichment medium and were designated as Z08 and Z12. Bioaugmentation with Z08 and Z12 increased CH4production by glucose removal to 1.58. Bioaugmentation with Z08 and Z12 increased the COD removal rate in molasses wastewater from 71.60% to 85.84%. The specific H2and CH4yields from COD removal increased by factors of 1.54 and 1.63, respectively. Results show that bioaugmentation with HPA-dominated cultures can improve CH4production from COD removal. Furthermore, hydrogen-producing acetogenesis was identified as the rate-limiting step in anaerobic wastewater treatment.

Microbial fuel cells for wastewater treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Aelterman ◽  
K. Rabaey ◽  
P. Clauwaert ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are emerging as promising technology for the treatment of wastewaters. The potential energy conversion efficiencies are examined. The rates of energy recovery (W/m3 reactor) are reviewed and evaluated. Some recent data relating to potato-processing wastewaters and a hospital wastewater effluent are reported. Finally, a set of process configurations in which MFCs could be useful to treat wastewaters is schematized. Overall, the MFC technology still faces major challenges, particularly in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency.

Degradation of Hydroquinone by Pulsed Corona Discharge Combined with Ozone Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1909-1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Ai Zheng ◽  
Jian She Liu ◽  
Li Li Pan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Corona Discharge ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Pulsed Corona Discharge ◽  
Pulsed Corona ◽  
In Series

Owing to toxicity of pharmacy wastewater to microbe, commonly used biodegradation is often limited in application; accordingly exploiting new ways of the wastewater treatment with high efficiency is a hot topic. As a new efficient advanced oxidation, pulsed corona discharge combining with ozone is attracting more and more attention. In this study, a special reactor was designed, in addition, the removal of TOC(Total Organic Carbon) and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand)of simulant pharmacy wastewater containing hydroquinone (500mg/L) by pulsed corona discharge combining with ozone were investigated . It was showed that the TOC and COD removal (53.8% and 72.3%) by the combined technology was much higher than by using the two techniques in series when all the samples were treated 40mins.The two methods in combination have a synergistic effect. TOC and COD removal could be improved obviously when NaCl feed concentration increased from 0 to1000 mg/L, yet further increase in NaCl feed led to a markedly decrease removal efficiency of TOC and COD.

scholarly journals Penyisihan Fluoride dan COD Air Limbah Industri Asam Fosfat Menggunakan Kombinasi Presipitasi dan Elektrokoagulasi

METANA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Adhi Setiawan ◽  
Nadya Ayu Arianingtyas ◽  
Novi Eka Mayangsari ◽  
Tanti Utami Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Supply Voltage ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Fluoride Removal ◽  
Power Supply Voltage ◽  
Fluoride Ions ◽  
Electric Voltage

Proses produksi asam fosfat menghasilkan air limbah dengan kandungan fluoride dan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) yang berpotensi mencemari lingkungan jika tidak diolah secara tepat. Kandungan ion fluoride di dalam air dapat menjadi ancaman serius bagi kesehatan manusia karena menyebabkan kerusakan pada gigi dan tulang. Kombinasi presipitasi dan elektrokoagulasi merupakan salah satu alternatif yang efektif untuk menurunkan kandungan fluoride dan COD. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh pH presipitasi, tegangan, dan waktu kontak terhadap penyisihan fluoride dan COD pada limbah industri fosfat menggunakan metode presipitasi dan elektrokoagulasi. Proses presipitasi dan elektrokoagulasi dilakukan secara batch. Presipitan menggunakan bahan berupa Ca(OH)2 sedangkan proses elektrokoagulasi menggunakan elektroda aluminium yang tersusun secara monopolar. Pengaturan pH presipitasi menggunakan pH 5, 7, dan 9. Elektrokoagulasi menggunakan variasi waktu kontak 40, 50, dan 60 menit. Variasi tegangan listrik 17, 22, dan 27 V. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pH meningkatkan efisiensi penyisihan pada proses presipitasi. Peningkatan nilai tegangan listrik dan waktu kontak menyebabkan peningkatan efisiensi penyisihan fluoride dan COD. Efisiensi tertinggi pada proses penyisihan fluoride dan COD diperoleh pada kondisi pH 9, waktu kontak 60 menit dan tegangan 27 volt dengan nilai efisiensi penyisihan fluoride sebesar 99,84% dan efisiensi penyisihan COD sebesar 56,35%. The production process of phosphoric acid produces wastewater containing fluoride and COD which has the potential to pollute the environment if not treated properly. The content of fluoride ions in water can be a serious threat to human health because it causes damage to teeth and bones. The combination of precipitation and electrocoagulation is an effective alternative to reduce fluoride and COD content. This study aims to analyze the effect of pH of precipitation, voltage, and contact time on fluoride and COD removal in industrial phosphate waste using precipitation and electrocoagulation methods. The precipitation and electrocoagulation processes are carried out in batches. Precipitant uses a material in the form of Ca (OH) 2, while the electrocoagulation process uses aluminum electrodes that are arranged monopolarly. Setting the pH of the precipitation using pH 5, 7, and 9. Electrocoagulation using a variation of contact time 40, 50, and 60 minutes. Electric voltage variations 17, 22, and 27 V. The results showed that increasing pH increased the removal efficiency in the precipitation process. Increasing the value of the power supply voltage and contact time led to an increase in the efficiency of fluoride and COD removal. The highest efficiency in fluoride and COD removal process was obtained at conditions of pH 9, contact time of 60 minutes and a voltage of 27 volts with a fluoride removal efficiency value of 99.84% and COD removal efficiency of 56.35%.

scholarly journals Removal of COD, NH4-N, and perfluorinated compounds from wastewater treatment plant effluent using ZnO-coated activated carbon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Tang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Peidong Su ◽  
Jingwei Quan ◽  
Yufeng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Perfluorinated Compounds ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Membrane Diffusion ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

Abstract This study investigated the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), NH4-N, and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using ZnO coated activated carbon (ZnO/AC). Results suggested that the optimal dosage of the ZnO/AC was 0.8 g/L within 240 min of contact time, at which the maximum removal efficiency of COD was approximately 86.8%, while the removal efficiencies of PFOA and PFOS reached 86.5% and 82.1%. In comparison, the removal efficiencies of NH4-N, PFBA, and PFBS were lower, at approximately 47.9%, 44.0%, and 55.4%, respectively. In addition, COD was preferentially adsorbed before PFCs and NH4-N, when the contact time ranged from 0 to 180 min, and the order of PFCs removal showed a positive correlation with C-F chain length. The kinetic study revealed that the removal of COD, NH4-N, and PFCs could be better depicted and predicted by the Lagergren quasi-second order dynamic model with high correlation coefficients, which involved liquid membrane diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and photocatalytic reactions. The saturated ZnO/AC was finally regenerated using ultrasound for 3 h and retained excellent performance, which proved it could be considered as an effective and alternative technology.

scholarly journals Automotive fleet repair facility wastewater treatment using air/ZVI and air/ZVI/H2O2 processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Paweł Bogacki ◽  
Hussein Al-Hazmi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Cod Removal Efficiency ◽  
Repair Facility

AbstractAdvanced automotive fleet repair facility wastewater treatment was investigated with Zero-Valent Iron/Hydrogen Peroxide (Air/ZVI/H2O2) process for different process parameters: ZVI and H2O2doses, time, pH. The highest Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency, 76%, was achieved for ZVI/H2O2doses 4000/1900 mg/L, 120 min process time, pH 3.0. COD decreased from 933 to 227 mg/L. In optimal process conditions odor and color were also completely removed. COD removal efficiency was increasing with ZVI dose. Change pH value below and over 3.0 causes a rapid decrease in the treatment effectiveness. The Air/ZVI/H2O2process kinetics can be described as d[COD]/dt = −a [COD]tm, where ‘t’ corresponds with time and ‘a’ and ‘m’ are constants that depend on the initial reagent concentrations. H2O2influence on process effect was assessed. COD removal could be up to 40% (560 mg/L) for Air/ZVI process. The FeCl3coagulation effect was also evaluated. The best coagulation results were obtained for 700 mg/L Fe3+dose, that was slightly higher than dissolved Fe used in ZVI/H2O2process. COD was decreased to 509 mg/L.

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