scholarly journals Moringa oleifera Lam. and Its Potential Association with Aluminium Sulphate in the Process of Coagulation/Flocculation and Sedimentation of Surface Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cardoso Valverde ◽  
Priscila Ferri Coldebella ◽  
Marcela Fernandes Silva ◽  
Letícia Nishi ◽  
Milene Carvalho Bongiovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Rapid Mixing ◽  
Sedimentation Process ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Slow Mixing

The present study aims to optimize the operational conditions in surface water coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation step, besides evaluating the association between seeds of Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) and the synthetic coagulant aluminium sulphate for surface water treatment. The assays were performed in Jar Test using surface water from Pirapó River basin, Maringá, PR. It was observed that the operational conditions affect the coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation process efficiency. Optimal operational conditions for coagulants association are as follows: rapid mixing velocity (RMV) of 105 rpm, rapid mixing times (RMT) of 1 min, slow mixing velocity (SMV) of 30 rpm, slow mixing times (SMT) of 15 min, and sedimentation time (ST) of 15 min; this enables an improvement in the process, contributing to a reduction in synthetic coagulant aluminium sulphate demand of up to 30%, combined with an increase in M. oleifera dosage, not affecting the coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation process efficiency, considering the water pH range between 7 and 9.

scholarly journals ESTUDO DA CLARIFICAÇÃO DA ÁGUA SUPERFICIAL POR MEIO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO DOS AGENTES COAGULANTES MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM E POLICLORETO DE ALUMÍNIO

e-xacta ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cardoso Valverde ◽  
Priscila Ferri Coldebella ◽  
Marcela Fernandes Silva ◽  
Letícia Nishi ◽  
Rosângela Bergamasco
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Apparent Color ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

<p>Os coagulantes são amplamente utilizados no tratamento de água, porém, o estudo da associação dos coagulantes ainda é escasso. Assim, este trabalho propõe avaliar a eficiência da associação do coagulante natural Moringa oleifera Lam (M. oleifera) juntamente com o coagulante sintético policloreto de alumínio (PAC) em diferentes dosagens e pHs de coagulação, por meio da utilização de diagramas de coagulação no tratamento de água superficial. Os ensaios foram realizados em Jar Test, com água superficial proveniente da bacia do Rio Pirapó, Maringá, PR, variando-se o pH de coagulação e as dosagens de coagulantes, a fim de verificar a eficiência de remoção dos parâmetros de qualidade cor aparente, turbidez e compostos com absorção em UV<sub>254nm</sub>. Após os ensaios de coagulação/floculação e sedimentação, amostras de água tratada foram coletadas para avaliar a eficiência do processo por meio do residual obtido para os parâmetros de qualidade. Foram obtidas redução de até 40% na dosagem do coagulante sintético PAC, sem comprometer a qualidade da água produzida. Assim, a utilização de M. oleifera pode desempenhar um papel-chave na diminuição da quantidade de coagulante sintético utilizada no tratamento de água, além de ser mais compatível com as questões ambientais atuais.</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The coagulants are largely used in water treatment, however, the study of association of the coagulant are still scarce. This work aims to evaluate the effectiveness of natural coagulant Moringa oleifera Lam (M. oleifera) in association with coagulant polyaluminium chloride synthetic (PAC) in various dosages and coagulation pHs, using coagulation diagrams, in the treatment of surface water. The tests were performed in Jar Test with surface water from Pirapó River Basin, Maringá, PR, varying the coagulation pHs and dosages of coagulants, in order to verify the quality parameters removal efficiency: apparent color, turbidity and compounds with absorption at UV<sub>254nm</sub>. After coagulation/flocculation and sedimentation tests, treated water samples were collected to evaluate the process efficiency by the residual obtained for quality parameters. Reduction near 40% was obtained for synthetic coagulant PAC dosage, without compromising the produced water quality. Thus, the use of M. oleifera can play a key role in reducing the quantity of synthetic coagulant used in water treatment, beside to be more compatible with current environmental issues.</p>

Surfactant-polluted surface water treatment with Moringa oleifera seed extract

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sánchez-Martín ◽  
J. Beltrán-Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Real Surface ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
High Maximum ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed ◽  
Very High

Moringa oleifera seed extract has been tested in removing surfactants from polluted surface water. River water has been polluted with sodium lauryl sulphate, a spread surfactant, and Jar-test have been carried out in order to evaluate the effciency of this natural coagulant agent inside a real surface water matrix. Effciency has demonstrated to be very high (maximum q of about 2.5 mmol·g−1) and a high surfactant removal is achieved rapidly. Coagulation process may be modelated through Gu and Zhu adsorption hypothesis, so an acceptable r2 coeffcient is obtained (0.94).

scholarly journals Optimization of Initial Turbidity and Coagulant Concentration to Remove Turbidity Using Moringa oleifera Seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Bong Min Kim ◽  
Hee Yun Lee ◽  
Johng-Hwa Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Surface Analysis ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Response Surface Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Mixing Speed ◽  
Rapid Mixing ◽  
Slow Mixing

Objective:Coagulation of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> seeds was studied to determine the optimal conditions in treating a turbid water.Method:Jar-test experiments were performed at various rapid mixing (90-250 rpm; 1-2 min), slow mixing (10-60 rpm; 10-50 min), initial turbidity (100-500 NTU), coagulant doses (200-1,500 mg/L), and pH (2-12) in synthetic wastewater. Response surface analysis was used to optimize the coagulation in jar-test experiments.Results and Discussion:The optimal conditions for turbidity removal with <i>M. oleifera</i> were 200 rpm of rapid-mixing speed for 1 min, 40 rpm of slow-mixing speed for 20 min, and pH 8. The coagulation efficiency was found to be dependent on initial turbidity of water samples. Highest turbidity removals (96.5%) were obtained for water with very high initial turbidity (500 NTU). The effects of initial turbidity and coagulant dose were successfully analyzed by the response surface analysis. Within the design boundaries, turbidity removal was more sensitive to changes in initial turbidity than to changes in coagulant dose.Conclusions:The quadratic model between initial turbidity and coagulant for turbidity removal was shown. <i>M. oleifera</i> can be used as a potential coagulant especially for high turbidity water.

Tratabilidade de Água Superficial Utilizando Coagulantes Naturais à Base de Tanino e Extratos de Sementes de Moringa oleífera

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Thalles Vicente Barbosa Gomes ◽  
Tamara Daiane De Souza ◽  
Patricia Feliciano Braga Bruzze
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Treatment Strategy ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Surface Water Treatment ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

O presente trabalho visa apresentar considerações sobre uma estratégia simplificada de tratamento de águas superficiais, empregando tanino Tanfloc SG e extrato de sementes de Moringa oleifera como coagulantes primários na tratabilidade dessa água para fins não nobres. Para avaliar a viabilidade do emprego destes coagulantes biodegradáveis e fazer um estudo comparativo entre a utilização deles foram realizados ensaios, utilizando o aparelho Jar Test com diferentes concentrações dos coagulantes e medições da turbidez em intervalos de sedimentação de 2 horas, além de diferentes faixas de pH. A Moringa oleifera não mostrou viabilidade na tratabilidade da água superficial. Verificou-se que a concentração de 5mg.L-1 de tanino Tanfloc SG, para um tempo de sedimentação de 2 horas, foi a que proporcionou a maior redução de turbidez (79%). A partir de diferentes faixas de pH (5 e 9), a Moringa oleifera não apresentou nenhuma eficiência. Já o tanino mostrou viabilidade, sendo que em pH 5 houve uma redução de 87,9% e em pH 9 a redução da turbidez foi de 87,72%. Os estudos referidos, no presente trabalho, sugerem haver um maior potencial de aplicação do tanino como coagulante primário, por ter apresentado maior viabilidade no tratamento da água bruta em relação ao extrato de sementes de Moringa oleifera.Palavras-chave: Turbidez. Moringa oleifera. Tanino.AbstractThe aim of the present study is to present considerations on a simplified surface water treatment strategy using Tanfloc SG tannin and Moringa oleifera seed extract as primary coagulants in the treatability of this water for non-noble purposes. To evaluate the viability of the use of these biodegradable coagulants and to make a comparative study between the use of them, tests were performed using the Jar Test apparatus with different concentrations of coagulants and turbidity measurements in sedimentation intervals of 2 hours and different pH ranges. Moringa oleifera showed no viability in the surface water treatability. It was verified that the concentration of 5mg.L-1 of tanfloc SG tannin, for a settling time of 2 hours, was the one that provided the greatest turbidity reduction (79%). From different pH ranges (5 and 9), Moringa oleifera showed no efficiency. The tannin showed viability, and at pH 5 there was a reduction of 87.9% and at pH 9 the turbidity reduction was 87.72%. The studies referred to in this work suggest that there is a greater potential for the application of tannin as a primary coagulant, as it has been shown to be more viable in the treatment of crude water regarding the Moringaoleifera extract.Keywords: Turbidity. Moringa oleifera. Tannin.

scholarly journals Optimalisasi Penggunaan Kitosan Limbah Kulit Udang Vannamei Sebagai Koagulan dalam Perbaikan Kualitas Air Danau

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-310
Author(s):  
Shabriyani Hatma ◽  
Setyawati Yani ◽  
Andi Suryanto
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Mixing ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Slow Mixing

Danau di Universitas Hasanuddin atau Danau UNHAS  telah mengalami pencemaran sehingga tidak dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Kitosan dari limbah kulit udang Vannamei dari Kawasan Industri Makassar (KIMA) dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk proses penjernihan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi kitosan dan kecepatan  pengadukan pada proses penjernihan air danau UNHAS. Metode yang digunakan adalah jar test, rapid mixing dan slow mixing dengan varian penambahan konsentrasi kitosan berturut-turut 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 (% berat) pada kecepatan putar pengadukan cepat berturut-turut 100, 300, 500, dan pengadukan lambat 70 rpm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air danau terbaik dari segi pH dicapai pada penambahan kitosan 0,5%, sedangkan dari segi TDS dan suhu, kualitas air terbaik diperoleh pada penambahan kitosan 2,5%. Kecepatan optimum pengadukan yang memberi kualitas air terbaik dari segi pH dan TDS adalah pada  500 rpm, sedangkan kecepatan optimum yang meberikan kualitas air dengan suhu terbaik diperoleh pada kecepatan 100 rpm. Secara umum, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kitosan kulit udang memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai  koagulan untuk proses perbaikan kualitas air danau.

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SURFACE WATER TREATMENT USING ALUMINIUM SULPHATE AND POLYALUMINIUM CHLORIDES AS COAGULANT REAGENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Simina Stefan ◽  
Cristina Costache ◽  
Viorica Ruxandu ◽  
Monica Balas ◽  
Mircea Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Surface Water Treatment

Effect of dynamically varying zone-based hedging policies on the operational performance of surface water reservoirs during climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 488 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebayo J. Adeloye ◽  
Bankaru-Swamy Soundharajan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Dynamic Hedging ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Static Hedging ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHedging is universally recognized as a useful operational practice in surface water reservoirs to temporally redistribute water supplies and thereby avoid large, crippling water shortages. When based on the zones of available water in storage, hedging has traditionally involved a static rationing (i.e. supply to demand) ratio. However, given the usual seasonality of reservoir inflows, it is also possible that hedging could be dynamic with seasonally varying rationing ratios. This study examined the effect of static and dynamic hedging policies on the performance of the Pong reservoir in India during a period of climate change. The results show that the reservoir vulnerability was unacceptably high (≥60%) without hedging and that this vulnerability further deteriorated as the catchment became drier due to projected climate change. The time- and volume-based reliabilities were acceptable. The introduction of static hedging drastically reduced the vulnerability to <25%, although the hedging reduction in the water supplied during normal operational conditions was only 17%. Further analyses with dynamic hedging provided only modest improvements in vulnerability. The significance of this study is its demonstration of the effectiveness of hedging in offsetting the impact of water shortages caused by climate change and the fact that static hedging can match more complex dynamic hedging policies.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity of the white lily Moringa oleifera seed extract and its use in water treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia Maria de Andrade ◽  
Krystyna Gorlach-Lira
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed

White lily Moringa oleifera seed powder acts as a natural coagulant promoting the reduction of water turbidity by the coagulation and sedimentation of the suspended particles, also eliminating the microorganisms by sedimentation. The aqueous extract of M. oleifera presented an inhibitory capacity for the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the hydroalcoholic extract inhibited S. aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Vibrio cholerae, using the agar diffusion test. Standard strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to the extracts. The water treatment through the aqueous extract of M. oleifera seeds at 0.02% and 0.01% concentrations was evaluated with the water samples collected in the Sinibu River, Paraíba State, Brazil, using the jar test. The water samples analyzed in this work were characterized by low turbidity (2.8-3.0 NTU), and pH and alkalinity between 5.8-7.3 and 10-30 mg CaCO3/L, respectively. After water treatment with M. oleifera aqueous extract, it was observed that pH, turbidity and alkalinity did not change significantly. Total heterotrophic bacteria counts in the crude water samples were between 1.9 x 10^5 UFC/100 mL and 1.1 x 10^6 CFU/100 mL, while the number of fecal coliforms was between 2.3 x 10^2 NMP/100 mL and 2.4 x 10^3 NMP/100 mL. The counts of total bacteria and fecal coliforms in the water samples treated with aqueous white lily extract at both concentrations tested (0.02% and 0.01%) during the 1.5-hour period did not differ significantly when compared to the untreated water. The results obtained in this work indicate that low turbidity of water influenced the efficacy of M. oleifera extract in the removal of bacteria in the treated water, since the level of coagulation depends on water turbidity.

scholarly journals Continuous electrochemical reactor improved by the addition of Moringa oleífera lam extract: optimization of operational conditions for Blue 5G dye removal

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Bruna Souza dos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Eyng ◽  
Paulo Rodrigo Stival Bittencourt ◽  
Laercio Mantovani Frare ◽  
Éder Lisandro de Moraes Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Current Intensity ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Natural Coagulant ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Wastewaters from textile industries are known for their difficulty to treat, several alternative technologies are applied for their treatment. In this context, the study examined a hybrid treatment system, composed of electrocoagulation combined with a natural coagulant (extract of Moringa oleífera lam seeds) to remove reactive dye Blue 5G aqueous solutions. The work evaluated the use of milder operating conditions to improve the efficiency of treatment, with reduced demands for electrical power and coagulant.  The following factors were evaluated: electric current intensity, natural coagulant concentration and hydraulic retention time. A quadratic model was adjusted and validated at a 5% significance level. The overall optimization resulted in conditions of 0.28 A for electrical current intensity, 1000.00 mg L-1 of aqueous extract of Moringa oleífera lam and 5 min for hydraulic retention time. While operating under optimal conditions, the removal of 71.38% of color and 5.22 mg L-1 of iron residual concentration was achieved.

Organic THMs precursors removal from surface water with low TOC and high alkalinity by enhanced coagulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 103-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Rizzo ◽  
V. Belgiorno ◽  
S. Meriç
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
High Alkalinity ◽  
Surface Water Resource ◽  
Free Residual Chlorine ◽  
Residual Al

NOM removal from surface waters is needed because of potentially carcinogen compound (trihalomethane, THM) formation due to reaction between NOM and free residual chlorine used for disinfection. The stringent limits for THMs (e.g., 30 μg/l in Italy) force conventional drinking water treatment plants to increase TOC removal efficiency by enhanced coagulation. This study was performed on 17 samples taken from a surface water resource with low TOC content (&lt;3 mg/l) and high alkalinity (190 mg as CaCO3/l) to remove TOC and other parameters (DOC, UV254, SUVA, turbidity), typically used to characterize NOM content. Four different coagulants (Al2(SO4)3·18H2O, FeCl3·6H2O, FeSO4·7H2O and PACl) were used in jar test without adding polymer as flocculant. There was no correlation between DOC and SUVA in raw and treated water. TOC removal efficiencies (15–30%) required by the USEPA D/DBPs rule were obtained using 30–50 mg/l alum, 30–50 mg/l of FeCl3, and less than 20 mg/l of PACl (as Al2O3, 10%). The use of PACl is suggested for both lesser TTHMFP and residual Al levels (&lt;100 μg/l) occurrences without any pH adjustment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document