scholarly journals Effect of Repeated Injection of Iodixanol on Renal Function in Healthy Wistar Rats Using Functional MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yongfang Wang ◽  
Ke Ren ◽  
Lizhi Xie ◽  
Wenge Sun ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Repeated Injection ◽  
Bold Imaging ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To determine the optimal time interval of repeated intravenous injections of iodixanol in rat model and to identify the injury location and causes of renal damage in vivo. Materials and Methods. Rats were randomly divided into Control group, Group 1 with one iodixanol injection, and Group 2 with two iodixanol injections. Group 2 was subdivided into 3 cohorts according to the interval between the first and second iodixanol injections as 1, 3, and 5 days, respectively. Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) imaging and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were performed at 1 hour, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 10 days after the application of solutions. Results. Compared with Group 1 (7.2%), Group 2 produced a remarkable R2⁎ increment at the inner stripe of the renal outer medulla by 15.37% (P=0.012), 14.83% (P=0.046), and 13.53% (P>0.05), respectively, at 1 hour after repeated injection of iodixanol. The severity of BOLD MRI to detect renal hypoxia was consistent with the expression of HIF-1α and R2⁎ was well correlated with HIF-1α expression (r=0.704). The acute tubular injury was associated with urinary NGAL and increased significantly at 1 day. Conclusions. Repetitive injection of iodixanol within a short time window can induce acute kidney injury, the impact of which on renal damage in rats disappears gradually 3–5 days after the injections.

Intra-carotid arterial transfusion of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells in rodent after ischemic stroke — evaluating the impact of therapeutic time points on prognostic outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Chen Lin ◽  
Han-Tan Chai ◽  
Kuan-Hung Chen ◽  
Pei‐Hsun Sung ◽  
John Y. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carotid Arterial ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: This study tested the optimal time point for left intra-carotid arterial (LICA) administration of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) for improving the outcome in rat after acute ischemic stroke (IS). Methods and Results: Adult-male SD rats (n=70) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IS), group 3 (IS+EPCs/1.2x106 cells/by LICA administration 3h after IS), group 4 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-3 IS), group 5 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-7 IS), group 6 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-14 IS) and group 7 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-28 IS). The brain-infarct volume (BIV) (at day 60/MRI) was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly progressively increased from groups 3 to 7, whereas among the IS animals, the neurological function was significantly preserved in groups 3 to 6 than in groups 2 and 7 post-day-60 IS (all p<0.0001). By day 60, the endothelial cell markers at protein and cellular levels, and number of small vessels exhibited an opposite pattern of BIV among the groups (all p<0.0001). The protein and cellular levels of inflammation, and protein levels of oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis, were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and progressively increased from groups 3 to 7 (all p<0.0001). The angiogenesis biomarkers at protein and cellular levels were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3, then significantly progressively decreased from groups 4 to 7 (all p<0.0001). Conclusion: Early EPC administration provided better benefits on improving functional/image/molecular-cellular outcomes after acute IS in rat.

scholarly journals Intra-carotid arterial transfusion of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells in rodent after ischemic stroke — evaluating the impact of therapeutic time points on prognostic outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Chen Lin ◽  
Han-Tan Chai ◽  
Kuan-Hung Chen ◽  
Pei‐Hsun Sung ◽  
John Y. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carotid Arterial ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: This study tested the optimal time point for left intra-carotid arterial (LICA) administration of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) for improving the outcome in rat after acute ischemic stroke (IS). Methods and Results: Adult-male SD rats (n=70) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IS), group 3 (IS+EPCs/1.2x10 6 cells/by LICA administration 3h after IS), group 4 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-3 IS), group 5 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-7 IS), group 6 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-14 IS) and group 7 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-28 IS). The brain-infarct volume (BIV) (at day 60/MRI) was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly progressively increased from groups 3 to 7, whereas among the IS animals, the neurological function was significantly preserved in groups 3 to 6 than in groups 2 and 7 post-day-60 IS (all p<0.0001). By day 60, the endothelial cell markers at protein and cellular levels, and number of small vessels exhibited an opposite pattern of BIV among the groups (all p<0.0001). The protein and cellular levels of inflammation, and protein levels of oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis, were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and progressively increased from groups 3 to 7 (all p<0.0001). The angiogenesis biomarkers at protein and cellular levels were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3, then significantly progressively decreased from groups 4 to 7 (all p<0.0001). Conclusion: Early EPC administration provided better benefits on improving functional/image/molecular-cellular outcomes after acute IS in rat.

scholarly journals The Daily Resistive Index measurement useful tool in the estimation of the optimal time interval between two Shock Wave Lithotripsy sessions.

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Esin Yencilek ◽  
Aysegul Sarsılmaz ◽  
Ozgur Kilickesmez ◽  
Hakan Koyuncu ◽  
Bilal Eryildirim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Shock Wave Lithotripsy ◽  
Resistive Index ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Index Measurement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Aims: To monitor the impact of Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) on the renal resisive index (RI) and to investigate the potential of the RI measurement for the estimation of the optimal duration between 2 SWL sessions. Material and methods: Thirty patients with single pelvis renalis stone were included. Participitants were grouped according to their age as group 1 (<40 years, mean age 36.2±3.9 years) and group 2 (≥40 years, mean age 55.4±6.5 years). RI measurement was performed in of all patients prior to SWL. After SWL, RI was monitored daily until RI returned to their pre-SWL values. Results: The mean stone size was 2 8.97±3.62 in group 1 and 10.08±4.67 mm in group 2 (p=0.077). Following SWL, the  RI value of both goups increased and the higher RI value was measured at the 24th hour as compared with their pre-SWL values (p<0.001). In day 2 RI of the groups declined, but the differences were still statistically different from their pre-SWL RI values (p<0.001). However, on the third day, RI of group 1 was close to their pre-SWL level (p=0.143). But, in group 2, RI value returned to their pre-SWL limits on day 4 (p=0.229). Conclusions: RI measurement gives important data regarding SWL related acute renal trauma and should be used as an US marker for recovery after SWL. 

scholarly journals Intra-carotid arterial transfusion of circulatory-derived autologous CD34+ cells in rodent after ischemic stroke — evaluate the impact of therapeutic time points on prognostic outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun-Chen Lin ◽  
Han-Tan Chai ◽  
Kuan-Hung Chen ◽  
Pei‐Hsun Sung ◽  
John Y. Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carotid Arterial ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background This study tested the optimal time point for left intra-carotid arterial (LICA) administration of circulatory-derived autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) for improving the outcome in rat after acute ischemic stroke (IS). Methods and Results Adult-male SD rats (n=70) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IS), group 3 (IS+EPCs/1.2x10 6 cells/by LICA administration 3h after IS), group 4 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-3 IS), group 5 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-7 IS), group 6 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day 14-IS) and group 7 (IS+EPCs/LICA administration post-day-28 IS). The brain-infarct volume (at day 60/MRI) was lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly progressively increased from groups 3 to 7, whereas among the IS animals, the neurological function (i.e., by corner test) was significantly preserved in groups 3 to 6 than in groups 2 and 7 post-day-60 IS (all p<0.0001). By day 60, the endothelial markers at protein (CD31/vWF) and cellular levels (CD31+/vWF+), and number of small vessels exhibited an opposite pattern of BIV among the groups (all p<0.0001). The protein (IL-1ß/TNF-α/p-NF-κB/MMP-9) and cellular (GFAP+/microglial+) inflammatory levels, oxidative stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/p22phox), autophagic (LC3B-III/LC3B-I/Beclin-1/Atg-5) and apoptotic (mitochondrial-Bax/caspase-3/PARP), were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1 and progressively increased from groups 3 to 7 (all p<0.0001). The angiogenesis biomarkers at protein (VEGF/SDF-1α/CXCR4) and cellular (SDF-1α+/CXCR4+) levels were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3, then significantly progressively decreased from groups 3 to 7 (all p<0.0001).Conclusion Early EPC administration provided better benefits on improving functional/image/molecular-cellular outcomes after acute IS in rat.

scholarly journals The Impact of Immediate and Delayed Corrective Feedback on Iranian EFL Learners’ Willingness to Communicate

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Mahtab Zadkhast ◽  
Majid Farahian
Keyword(s):  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Willingness To Communicate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Intermediate Students ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

The present study investigated the impact of immediate and delayed corrective feedback on Iranian EFL learners’ willingness to communicate. To attain the purpose of the study, 45 females intermediate students that were roughly selected according to their previous grades and their assigned  level in language school were chosen to participate in this study. Then they were divided to three equal groups: Experimental group 1(immediate feedback), Experimental group 2 (delayed feedback) and control group. In the first session, WTC questionnaire (MacIntyre ,2001 modified by Pourya Baghaei and Ali Dourakhshan) was administered to all groups as pretests. In group 1 the students’ errors were corrected by the teacher immediately after committing but in the second group, the students’ errors were written by the teacher and her comments were given to them when they finished their tasks. For the control group, the routine procedure of New Headway intermediate was followed. After about 12 sessions WTC was repeated as posttests. The findings revealed that immediate and delayed corrective feedback have a significant effect on EFL students’ level of WTC. The results, also demonstrated that experimental group 1 (immediate feedback) outweighed the other two groups in relation to their WTC. The findings have implication for pedagogy as well as further research.

P1469Micra pacemaker implant at septal site induces a smaller increase on qrs duration than traditional pacemaker: a single center experience

EP Europace ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zucchelli ◽  
M Parollo ◽  
V Barletta ◽  
A Di Cori ◽  
V Della Tommasina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apical Position ◽  
Pacing Threshold ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Qrs Duration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

Abstract BACKGROUND Leadless pacemakers have been introduced into the clinical practice as a breakthrough technology that could tackle most of the major sources of complication of traditional pacemakers (PM). The excellent safety profile and optimal electrical performance of Micra have been already largely described, nevertheless the impact on QRS duration has not been investigated so far. We aimed to compare changes in QRS duration after septal Micra implant in comparison to patients who received transvenous right ventricular leads in the same position. METHODS We enrolled all patients who underwent Micra implantation (group 1) at our Center from April 2017 to March 2019. A septal placement was attempted in all cases. Duration of spontaneous and paced QRS and their difference (delta QRS) were measured using a polygraph. To provide a comparison group, we analyzed the QRS duration in a matched group of patients (group 2) who received a traditional single chamber pacing system with a transvenously implanted lead at septal position in the same period. Confounding variables that were used to provide the control group were age, sex, left ventricle ejection fraction, and rhythm at implant. High pacing threshold was defined as ≥1.0 V at pulse duration of 0.24 ms. RESULTS Twenty-eight consecutive patients (mean age 78 ± 3 years; 71.43% males) who underwent successful Micra implant were enrolled. A septal position was achieved in all cases with a single device delivery in 17/28 patients (60.7%). Mean pacing threshold at implant was 0.56 ± 0.34V/0.24 ms with only 3/28 patients (10.7%) presenting a high pacing threshold. No significant differences in demographic, clinical characteristics and ventricular pacing site were observed between groups. QRS duration was slightly longer in group 1 compared to group 2 before implant (median 123 ms (IQR 104-146.5 ms) vs median 116 ms (IQR 90-125 ms); p = 0.09). Nevertheless, there was a significantly lower delta QRS after implant in Micra compared to the traditional pacing group (15.82 ± 31.77 ms vs 35.82 ± 22.13 ms, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION Right ventricular stimulation induces ventricular dyssynchrony, which is correlated with the amount of QRS enlargement after pacing. Micra implant, in a non-apical position, produces significantly smaller changes on the QRS duration in comparison with transvenous lead implanted at the same site, although larger studies are necessary to confirm these results.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ACTIVE REHABILITATION ON THE RECOVERY OF COGNITIVE AND PSYCHOEMOTIONAL DISORDERS AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1910-1916
Author(s):  
Oleksandr O. Pushko
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Rehabilitation Treatment ◽  
Comprehensive Therapy ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Active Rehabilitation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Group 1

The aim: Was to evaluate the impact of active rehabilitation treatment in the scheme of comprehensive therapy of patients with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke on the dynamics of recovery of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders, as well as to study their correlations. Materials and methods: The study involved 138 patients: 30 apparently healthy individuals (control group, CG, n = 30) without acute cerebrovascular disorders (anamnestic and neuroimaging), of whom 53.33% were men (n = 16) and 46.67% women (n = 14), the average age of patients in the group was 57.9 ± 1.45 years; 108 people diagnosed with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke (n = 108), of whom 62.96% were men (n = 68) and 37.04% women (n = 40), the average age of patients in the group was 58.4 ± 0.76 years. The neurocognitive assessment was performed using the international standardized scales: MMSE, MoCa were used to assess the cognitive sphere, and BDI, STAI (STAI SA, STAI TA) were used to assess psychoemotional disorders. Results: Patients in the comprehensive treatment scheme were additionally prescribed and given two courses of rehabilitation treatment using active rehabilitation methods after the first and third examinations, recovery of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders was significantly faster and better than in group 1, where “classical” measures were applied with the predominance of medicinal therapy. Thus, the average score on the MoCa scale during examination on days 3-7 after cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke in group 1 was 19.71 ± 0.62 points, in group 2 – 19.17 ± 0.54 points, and during evaluation after 6 months in group 2 – 24.72 ± 0.26 points against 22.19 ± 0.41 points (p <0.0001) in group 1. According to the MMSE scale during examination on days 3-7 after cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke, the average indicator in group 1 was 22.56 ± 0.43 points, in group 2 – 22.47 ± 0.37 points, and when evaluated after 6 months in group 2 – 25.83 ± 0.23 points against 24.35 ± 0.27 points (p = 0.0001) in group 1. Conclusions: The use of methods for active rehabilitation in the treatment of patients in acute and recovery periods of cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke significantly contributes to the acceleration and enhancement of the recuperation of cognitive and psychoemotional functions after the acute cerebral accident. The obtained results can find practical application in improving the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitation programs in patients with cerebral hemispheric ischemic stroke to reduce their post-stroke deficit.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF VETOM 20.76 BASED ON PREDATORY FUNGUS ARTHROBOTRYS OLIGOSPORA ON THE LEUCOCYTES IN THE GEESE BLOOD

2019 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
N. S. Iakovleva ◽  
G. A. Nozdrin ◽  
M. S. Iakovleva ◽  
S. N. Tishkov ◽  
A. I. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Leukocyte Concentration ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Group 1

The paper demonstrates the results on the effect of new specimen Vetom 20.76 on concentration of leukocytes in the blood of geese on the basis of the predatory fungus Artusbotus oligospora. In order to achieve the goal of the experiment, one control group and six experimental groups were arranged on the principle of paired analogues. Each group contained 10 geese aged 1 month. The geese from the experimental groups received Vetom 20.76 in different doses in the morning with water once a day: the geese of the 1st experimental group - dose of 0.5 ppm/kg of live weight during 15 days; 2nd experimental group - 1 ppm/kg of live weight during 15 days; 3rd experimental group - 2 ppm/kg of live weight during 15 days, 4th experimental group - 0.5 ppm/kg live weight during 30 days, 5th experimental group - 1 ppm/kg live weight during 30 days and 6th - 2 ppm/kg live weight during 30 days. The geese of control group didn’t receive the specimen. The concentration of leukocytes in the blood of experimental geese increases in the period of specimen application as well as in the period of its aftereffect. If Vetom 20.76 is prescribed for 15 days, the effect of leukopoiesis stimulation finishes on the 30th day. If the specimen is applied during 30 days, the leukocytes in the blood continue to increase up to the 60th day. This long-term application of Vetom 20.76 dosed 0.5ppm/kg increases leucocytes within the physiological norm. Application of higher doses (1 and 2 ppm/kg) the leukocyte concentration conforms to the physiological norm

scholarly journals The impact of students’ generating and answering questions on their performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
Anas Mohammed Alshalan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Student Performance ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Research Experiment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1

The aim of the research is to measure the effect of students' use of the strategy of writing questions and answering them on their achievement performance. The researcher used the achievement test to measure the differences between variables, and checked the research tool from validity-consistency-experimental application. But for the implementation of the research experiment, the students were divided into three groups, namely: The experimental group 1 (generating questions and answering them by the learners in groups), the experimental group 2 (forming and answering the questions of the learners individually), and the control group (forming questions by the teacher). In addition, the researcher used the mean and standard deviation to answer the research question and compare student performance in all three research groups. The results showed that there were significant differences between the averages of the research groups, as the experimental group 2 achieved a higher average (26,474) than the experimental group 1 (24,333) and the control group (24,857).

scholarly journals Why Mozart compositions during pregnancy should be exposed in the night. Study on apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offsprings’ brain neurons

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Eka Nasrur Maulana ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Windhu Purnomo
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apoptosis Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: To analyze the optimal time to expose Mozart compositions(in the night/ dark) by measuring brain neural apoptotic index of Rattus norvegicus offspringsMaterials and Methods: This study used experimental random-ized post test only control group design in pregnant Rattus norvegicus. Subjects were divided into three groups at random, ie control group, 1 (1 hour Mozart exposure in dark) and 2 (1 hour Mozart in light), each comprised 8 females. After delivery, 2 heaviest Rattus norvegicus offsprings were chosen, totally 15 neonates in each group, then they were sacrificed with decapita-tion and the brain was prepared and stained using TUNEL assay method and the index of neurons cell apoptosis was calculated using microscope in 1000x magnification. This study was conducted at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, after conducting ethical feasibility test.Results: There were no miscarriages, congenital malformation, preterm birth and deaths in all groups. The control group's neural apoptosis index was 55.98 ± 4.12, group one 24.87±3.45 and group two 23.82±3.89. Based on statistical test result, there was no significant difference of apoptosis index between treatment group 1 and treatment group 2, with p value 0,836 but significant difference was found between control group and treatment group 1 (p=0.002) and between control group and treatment group 2 (p=0.009). In dark group we found the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, 9 of 15 had the lowest, the heaviest head weight and 4 of 15 subjects had the heaviest head weightConclusion: There was no significant difference between the pro-vision of Mozart music in dark and light on brain neuron of Rattus norvegicus offsprings although lower average in the dark group especially if the extreme value exluded. In the dark group: we found  the lower average of apoptotic index, the lowest apoptotic index, biggest proportion of the lowest index, the heaviest head and biggest proportion of heaviest head.

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