scholarly journals Impact of Unilateral Orbital Radiotherapy on the Structure and Function of Bilateral Human Meibomian Gland

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Di Chen ◽  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Hui Guan ◽  
Fuquan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tear Film ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Orbital Radiotherapy ◽  
Staining Score ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Normal Controls

Background. Radiotherapy (RT) has widely been used to treat ocular tumors, yet the impact of orbital radiation to the meibomian gland has rarely been studied. Our study aims at evaluating the bilateral meibomian gland structure and function 12 months after unilateral orbital RT in patients with ocular tumors. Methods. An observational case-control study. A total of 10 eyes 12 months after unilateral orbital RT, 10 contralateral eyes, and 10 normal controls were enrolled. Meibomian gland loss (MGL), lipid layer thickness (LLT), tear film breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer I test, and cornea fluorescein staining were measured. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) of the RT patients was assessed and compared with normal controls. Results. The cumulative median radiotherapy dosage for the patients was 45 (range: 30, 70) Gy. The OSDI score of the patients was significantly greater than the normal controls (22.92 (range: 10.42, 37.50) vs 6.25 (range: 2.08, 10.42), p≤0.001). Significant differences of upper MGL, lower MGL, LLT, and TBUT were found between the diseased eyes and normal controls (37.79% (range: 12.87, 92.41) vs 12.63% (range: 6.13, 42.34), p=0.007; 61.31% (range: 44.67, 87.98) vs 15.53% (range: 7.65, 45.13), p≤0.001; 40 ICU (range: 23, 100) vs 81.5 ICU (range: 54, 100), p=0.007; 3.5 s (range: 2, 8) vs 6.5 s (range: 5, 10), p=0.002). The upper MGL and TBUT of the contralateral eyes were also considerably damaged compared with normal controls. Lower eyelid MGL and cornea staining score of the diseased eye were significantly correlated with radiation dosage (r = 0.913 and 0.680; p=0.001 and 0.044, respectively). Conclusion. Orbital radiotherapy could cause significant damage to the meibomian gland structure and function, not only the diseased eyes but also the contralateral eyes.

scholarly journals Noncontact Meibography in Patients with Keratoconus

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Engy Mohamed Mostafa ◽  
Marwa Mahmoud Abdellah ◽  
Ashraf Mostafa Elhawary ◽  
Amr Mounir
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
Grade 3

Purpose. To examine the morphological changes in the meibomian glands of patients with keratoconus as well as to study the relationship between these changes in the morphology and several tear film parameters. Methods. Examination of the meibomian gland (MG) of 300 keratoconus patients presenting to the center using infrared noncontact meibography system (Sirius, CSO, Italy) between January 2017—January 2019. 100 eyes of healthy individuals were also enrolled as a control group. Tear breakup time (TBUT) test and Schirmer test II were evaluated. Subjective symptoms were also assessed using Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI). Results. Mean age of keratoconus patients was 19 ± 12 years and 21 ± 14 years in control group. Average TBUT was 4.9 ± 2.1 sec. and average Schirmer test was 5.3 ± 2.2 mm which was significantly lower than control group (p=0.05). Meibomian gland dropout in the lower eyelid of the keratoconus group was as follows: grade 0 (no loss of meibomian glands): 100 eyes; grade 1 (gland dropout area <1/3 of the total meibomian glands): 85 eyes; grade 2 (gland dropout area 1/3 to 2/3): 68 eyes; and grade 3 (gland dropout >2/3): 47 eyes. Conclusion. Keratoconus shows significant meibomian gland dropout and distortion that can be recorded by noncontact meibography. Sirius meibography is a simple, cost-effective method of evaluating meibomian gland dropout as a part of the routine refractive examination.

scholarly journals Impact of pterygium on the ocular surface and meibomian glands

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cláudia Viana Wanzeler ◽  
Italo Antunes França Barbosa ◽  
Bruna Duarte ◽  
Eduardo Buzolin Barbosa ◽  
Daniel Almeida Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Lower Eyelid ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Conjunctival Hyperemia ◽  
Upper Eyelid ◽  
Film Stability ◽  
Surface Parameters ◽  
Meibomian Glands ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPurposeTo analyze how ocular surface parameters correlate to pterygium and investigate the possible impact on tear film and meibomian glands.Methodswe investigated objective parameters of the ocular surface such as conjunctival hyperemia, tear film stability and volume, meibomian gland dysfunction, dry eye disease, corneal topography comparing healthy individuals and correlating with the pterygium clinical presentation.ResultsA total of 83 patients were included. Corneal astigmatism induction was 2.65 ± 2.52 D (0.4-11.8). The impact of pterygium on the ocular surface parameters compared to matched controls was seen in: conjunctival hyperemia (control 1.55±0.39/pterygium 2.14±0.69; p=0.0001), tear meniscus height (control 0.24±0.05 mm/pterygium 0.36±0.14mm; p 0.0002), meiboscore lower eyelid (control 0.29±0.64/pterygium 1.38±0.95; p 0.0001) and meiboscore upper eyelid (control 0.53±0.62/pterygium 0.98±0.75; p=0.0083). We found a high number of pterygium patients (88%) presented meibomian gland alterations. Interestingly, meibomian gland loss was coincident to the localization of the pterygium in 54% of the upper and 77% lower lids.ConclusionPterygium greatly impacts on ocular surface by inducing direct alterations in the pattern of meibomian glands besides corneal irregularities, conjunctival hyperemia and lacrimal film alterations, inducing significant symptoms and potential signs of dysfunction.

scholarly journals Comparative of meibomian gland morphology in patients with evaporative dry eye disease versus non-dry eye disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricaurte Ramiro Crespo-Treviño ◽  
Anna Karen Salinas-Sánchez ◽  
Francisco Amparo ◽  
Manuel Garza-Leon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Evaporative Dry Eye ◽  
The Impact

AbstractMany recent studies have showed that morphological changes are one of the key signs of meibomian gland disease (MGD). These changes can be seen even before symptom onset, potentially underestimating the prevalence of MGD; however, until now, there is no conclusive information about the impact of meibomian gland (MG) morphology in tear film physiology and disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anatomical and morphological MG alterations between patients with evaporative dry eye disease (DED) and healthy controls. Retrospective chart review of seventy-five patients with evaporative DED and healthy individuals who had dry eye assessments included Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, meibum quality, meibum expressibility, lid margin abnormality, ocular staining, non-invasive tear film break-up time, and meibography. We did not find significant differences in MG alterations in the upper lid between healthy and DED subjects. Patients with evaporative DED presented MG alterations in the lower lid more frequently than healthy subjects (54.8 vs. 30.3%; p = 0.03). The presence of shortened glands was the only MG alteration that was more prevalent in the lower lid in dry-eye patients than in healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Subjects with evaporative DED presented more alterations in the lower lid than healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Comparative of Meibomian Gland Morphology in Patients With Evaporative Dry Eye Versus Non-Dry Eye

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricaurte Ramiro Crespo-Treviño ◽  
Anna Karen Salinas-Sánchez ◽  
Francisco Amparo ◽  
Manuel Garza-Leon
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Evaporative Dry Eye ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Many recent studies have demonstrated that morphological changes are one of the key signs of Meibomian gland disease (MGD) . These changes can be seen even before symptom onset, potentially underestimating the prevalence of MGD; however, Until now, there is no conclusive information about the impact of MG morphology in tear film physiology and disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anatomical and morphological MG alterations between patients with evapo-rative DED and healthy controls. Retrospective chart review of Seventy-five patients with evaporative dry eye and healthy individuals who had dry eye assesments included Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, Meibum quality, meibum expressibility, lid margin abnormality, ocular staining, non-invasive tear film break-up time, and Meibography. We did not find significant differences in MG alterations in the upper lid between healthy and dry-eye subjects. Patients with evaporative dry eye presented MG alterations in the lower lid more frequently than healthy subjects (54.8 vs 30.3%; p=0.03). The presence of shortened glands was the only MG alteration that was more prevalent in the lower lid in dry-eye patients than in healthy subjects (p <0.05). Subjects with evaporative dry eye presented more alterations in the lower lid than healthy subjects.

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Assessment of the impact of nanoparticles on the activity of biomimetic membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol XXXVII (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Dorota Kondej
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Biomimetic Membranes ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Biomimetic Membrane ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents basic information on a structure and function of biological membranes. Types of biomimetic membranes modelling properties of biological membranes were introduced. The method of testing surface properties of a lipid monolayer, which is the basic type of biomimetic membranes, was described. The presented method makes it possible to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles on the surface activity of biomimetic membranes based on the determination of the surface index MA. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals Estrogen-related Receptor β (ERRβ) – Renaissance Receptor or Receptor Renaissance?

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. nrs.14002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja D. Divekar ◽  
Deanna M. Tiek ◽  
Aileen Fernandez ◽  
Rebecca B. Riggins
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orphan Nuclear Receptor ◽  
Nuclear Receptor Superfamily ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estrogen Related Receptor

Estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) are founding members of the orphan nuclear receptor (ONR) subgroup of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Twenty-seven years of study have yet to identify cognate ligands for the ERRs, though they have firmly placed ERRα (ESRRA) and ERRγ (ESRRG) at the intersection of cellular metabolism and oncogenesis. The pace of discovery for novel functions of ERRβ (ESRRB), however, has until recently been somewhat slower than that of its family members. ERRβ has also been largely ignored in summaries and perspectives of the ONR literature. Here, we provide an overview of established and emerging knowledge of ERRβ in mouse, man, and other species, highlighting unique aspects of ERRβ biology that set it apart from the other two estrogen-related receptors, with a focus on the impact of alternative splicing on the structure and function of this receptor.

Dust Control in Brick and Tile Production Enterprises

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 529-531
Author(s):  
Jing Bo Zhao ◽  
Li Bo Hao
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Tile Production ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Brick And Tile ◽  
Equipment Wear ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of the causes of dust brick and tile production enterprises, from the impact on human health, the factory machinery and equipment wear, impact on environment protection, expounds the harmfulness of dust, and discusses the type, structure and function of the filter, as well as the precipitator combined use method and way to control dust.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism in a top predator ( Notophthalmus viridescens ) drives aquatic prey community assembly

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1890) ◽  
pp. 20181717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denon Start ◽  
Stephen De Lisle
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Top Predator ◽  
Aquatic Mesocosms ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Intraspecific variation can have important consequences for the structure and function of ecological communities, and serves to link community ecology to evolutionary processes. Differences between the sexes are an overwhelmingly common form of intraspecific variation, but its community-level consequences have never been experimentally investigated. Here, we manipulate the sex ratio of a sexually dimorphic predacious newt in aquatic mesocosms, then track their impact on prey communities. Female and male newts preferentially forage in the benthic and pelagic zones, respectively, causing corresponding reductions in prey abundances in those habitats. Sex ratio differences also explained a large proportion (33%) of differences in the composition of entire pond communities. Ultimately, we demonstrate the impact of known patterns of sexual dimorphism in a predator on its prey, uncovering overlooked links between evolutionary adaptation and the structure of contemporary communities. Given the extreme prevalence of sexual dimorphism, we argue that the independent evolution of the sexes will often have important consequences for ecological communities.

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