scholarly journals Energy Consumption Analysis of a Large Building at Memorial University

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Almahdi Abdo-Allah ◽  
M. Tariq Iqbal ◽  
Kevin Pope
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Large Building

In this paper, energy consumption analysis and a process to identify appropriate models based on heat dynamics for large structures are presented. The analysis uses data from heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system sensors, as well as data from the indoor climate and energy software (IDA Indoor Climate and Energy (IDA-ICE) 4.7 simulation program). Energy consumption data (e.g., power and hot water usage) agrees well with the new models. The model is applicable in a variety of applications, such as forecasting energy consumption and controlling indoor climate. In the study, both data-derived models and a grey-box model are tested, producing a complex building model with high accuracy. Also, a case study of the S. J. Carew building at Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland, is presented.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption Analysis and Characterization of Healthcare Facilities in the United States

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Bawaneh ◽  
Farnaz Ghazi Nezami ◽  
Md. Rasheduzzaman ◽  
Brad Deken
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
End Use

Healthcare facilities in the United States account for 4.8% of the total area in the commercial sector and are responsible for 10.3% of total energy consumption in this sector. The number of healthcare facilities increased by 22% since 2003, leading to a 21% rise in energy consumption and an 8% reduction in energy intensity per unit of area (544.8 kWh/m2). This study provides an analytical overview of the end-use energy consumption data in healthcare systems for hospitals in the United States. The energy intensity of the U.S. hospitals ranges from 640.7 kWh/m2 in Zone 5 (very hot) to 781.1 kWh/m2 in Zone 1 (very cold), with an average of 738.5 kWh/m2. This is approximately 2.6 times higher than that of other commercial buildings. High energy intensity in the healthcare facilities, particularly in hospitals, along with energy costs and associated environmental concerns make energy analysis crucial for this type of facility. The proposed analysis shows that U.S. healthcare facilities have higher energy intensity than those of most other countries, especially the European ones. This necessitates the adoption of more energy-efficient approaches to the infrastructure and the management of healthcare facilities in the United States.

Energy Consumption Analysis of a New Rural Green Building

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1716-1723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Ping Li ◽  
Rong Dan Diao ◽  
Si Cong Ma ◽  
Xiao Chao Leng ◽  
Chun Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Outdoor Temperature ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Rural Buildings

In order to meet farmers’ energy demands of gas, domestic hot water and winter heating with renewable energy in rural areas, according to farmers’ living habits in winter, a 30m2 insulated rural green building made of brick and concrete, was developed to integrate with thermostatic digester heated by solar energy and low-temperature radiant bed. Energy expenditure and thermal economy of the green building were studied at different winter ambient temperature subsequently. The results show that the consumer’s energy demands of gas, hot water and winter heating can be met in the green building even in winter. When the outdoor temperature is -20°C, the indoor’s is higher than 15°C. Compared with traditional rural buildings made of brick and concrete, the new one saves 2.8 tons of standard coal and RMB￥3275 every year and the payback period of investment of the enforced cost is 3.9 years.

scholarly journals Dynamic Evaluation of Heat Thefts Due to Different Thermal Performances and Operations between Adjacent Dwellings

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2436
Author(s):  
Laura Canale ◽  
Vittoria Battaglia ◽  
Giorgio Ficco ◽  
Giovanni Puglisi ◽  
Marco Dell’Isola
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Flows ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Different Temperatures

Apartment position and operation within buildings play a significant role on energy consumption and also on perceived thermal comfort. Dwellings with favorable positions can have significant benefit, also when heated for a limited number of hours, if compared to apartments located in disadvantaged positions (i.e., upper or lower floors or north-oriented). This may be the cause of debates, especially in buildings with central heating, when heat costs are shared among tenants by means of sub-metering systems. In this paper, authors address this issue by studying the “heat thefts” phenomenon in dynamic conditions in a low-insulated building, when the heating system is used unevenly by the tenants (i.e., with different temperatures and/or use). To this end, a social housing building located in Mediterranean climate, where daily temperature excursions and solar heat gains enhance the dynamics of the heat flows, has been chosen as the case-study. The real operation of the building has been simulated in different operational scenarios and the model has been validated against energy consumption data collected experimentally. Results confirm that special allocation and or/compensation strategies should be taken in heat costs allocation in order to avoid accentuating situations of inequalities, especially in low-insulated and/or occasionally heated buildings.

scholarly journals Domestic hot water optimizing potential in existing or renovated multifamily residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2042 (1) ◽  
pp. 012144
Author(s):  
Flourentzos Flourentzou ◽  
Joshua Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Actual Energy Consumption

Abstract In a Swiss case study of the ReCO2st research project, hot water optimization demonstrated a high potential for energy savings with low investment costs. The optimization started with the end user to reduce first hot water consumption. Energy-efficient showerheads and faucets reduced hot water consumption by 10 to 25%, notably from 65.2 [l/p.day] to 48 [l/p.day] for the period of September to October 2019. A multi-criteria selection of showerheads involved end users considering other qualitative aspects like rinsing efficiency, overall feel of use, noise, and material robustness. Strict control of pipe and storing tank insulation reduced storage and distribution losses. Day and night storage temperature setpoints, water recirculation time, switching off this process after 11:00 p.m., temperature differential of start and stop loading setpoints, creating long loading cycles, ensure that the pipes are not always hot. Reducing Legionella cycles at 60° to once a day avoided the need for continuous high temperatures. The combination of all these soft measures in the Swiss case study resulted in a reduction of energy consumption for hot water of 20-30%. This is equivalent to the installation of expensive solar panels for hot water. A detailed two-year monitoring of the building's hot water consumption shows the contribution of each optimization measure. The encouraging results show that without perfect control of the entire process, it is impossible to avoid a performance gap between planned and actual energy consumption.

scholarly journals Bayesian Inference Calibration of Building Energy Models for Arid Weather

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danlin Hou ◽  
Ibrahim Galal Hassan ◽  
Liangzhu (Leon) Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bayesian Inference ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Energy Model ◽  
Building Model ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Complex Building ◽  
Building Physics

Abstract The building sector accounts for nearly 40% of global energy consumption and plays a critical role in societal energy security and sustainability. A building energy model (BEM) simulates complex building physics and provides insights into various energy-saving measures’ performance. The analysis based on BEMs has become an essential approach to slowing down increasing building energy consumption. The reliability and accuracy of BEMs have a high impact on decision-making. However, how to calibrate a building energy model has remained a challenge. In this study, Bayesian inference was applied to the calibration of an office building model under the arid weather conditions of Doha, Qatar. The coefficient of variation with a root-mean-square error of calibration and validation are 1.1% and 1.5%, respectively, which is highly satisfied with the monthly calibration tolerance of 15% required by ASHRAE Guideline 14. Additionally, the calibrated parameter results are with probabilities and degrees of confidence, so they are more reasonable and comprehensive than traditional deterministic calibration methods. This study conducted a sensitivity analysis to select the model’s dominant parameters under hot/arid weather conditions. This study will be among the first studies of stochastic calibration based on Bayesian inference for building energy performances in arid weather.

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