scholarly journals Rebuilding Soil Ecosystems for Improved Productivity in Biosolarized Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ney ◽  
Dorcas Franklin ◽  
Kishan Mahmud ◽  
Miguel Cabrera ◽  
Dennis Hancock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Negative Impacts

Disinfecting soil can reduce or eliminate crop loss from soilborne pathogens, parasitic nematodes, and weed competition. Biosolarization combines biotoxic products from organic matter decomposition and heat from solarization. While biosolarization offers an organic option for soil pest control and avoids human and environmental health risks associated with chemical fumigants, it still has broad negative impacts on microbial communities. Quickly reestablishing these communities can be key in preventing resurgence in disease pressure and in maximizing nutrient use efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of fertilization source, N fertilization rate, and/or inoculate to rebuild an active soil ecosystem in biosolarized soils by measuring nematode community structure, microbial biomass, and C and N mineralization in soil as well as kale yield and quality. The study was conducted using potted kale grown in biosolarized soils. Treatments were bare soil, receiving no fertilization, and soils receiving two different rates of organic, composted broiler litter or mineral fertilizer. Half of the pots in each treatment received a locally sourced microbial inoculant (LEM). Among the nonfertilized treatments, the soils that received applications of LEM mineralized more nitrogen and produced higher yields. Soils that received the highest rate of compost immobilized the greatest proportion of nitrogen applied, were the most cold-tolerant, and produced the largest yields. None of the kale that received heavy mineral fertilization without LEM inoculation survived a hard freeze; however, the ones that received LEM applications were able to partially recover. We also found that kale grown with lower rates of N (50 kg·ha−1), applied as compost plus LEM, had the greatest magnesium leaf content and were more economically efficient while producing an equally abundant and nutritious food.

scholarly journals Production of cabbage grown in pots containing legumes' root and shoot

Revista CERES ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago de Oliveira Vargas ◽  
Ellen Rúbia Diniz ◽  
Ricardo Henrique Silva Santos ◽  
Alysson Roberto de Almeida ◽  
Segundo Urquiaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Legume Species ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Whole Plant

Roots effect is not generally considered in studies assessing the performance of crops in response to green manuring. However, such effect can contribute to a better understanding of crop rotation. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of root and shoot of two legumes on the production of cabbage. The experiment was conducted in pots of 10 liters containing substrate of 2:1 soil/sand. The experiment was arranged in a factorial scheme (2x3 + 2) in a randomized block design with five replicates using two legume species (Crotalaria juncea L. and Canavalia ensiformis L), three plant parts (root, shoot, or whole plant), and two additional treatments (mineral fertilization with 100% and 50% of the recommended dose of N for growing cabbage). Pots with legume treatments received mineral fertilizer with 50% of the recommended dose of N for growing cabbage. The experimental plot consisted of a pot containing one plant of cabbage. Legumes were grown in pots and harvested at 78 days. The root biomass was determined in extra pots. Production was assessed using head fresh and dry weight. The application of the whole plant of both legume species reduced cabbage production. However, root or shoot of both legume species was equivalent to 50% of mineral N fertilization required for the cultivation of cabbage.

scholarly journals Subsurface-Applied Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer Enhanced Wheat Production by Improving Nutrient-Use Efficiency with Less Ammonia Volatilization

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2396
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yaseen ◽  
Adeel Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Naveed ◽  
Muhammad Asif Ali ◽  
Syed Shahid Hussain Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Volatilization ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nitrogen (N) is an essential plant nutrient, therefore, N-deficient soils affect plant growth and development. The excessive and unwise application of N fertilizers result in nutrient losses and lower nutrient use efficiency that leads to the low crop productivity. Ammonia volatilization causes a major loss after N fertilization that causes environmental pollution. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of coating and uncoating N fertilizer in enhancing yield and nutrient-use efficiency with reduced ammonia emissions. The recommended rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, urea and di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) fertilizers were coated manually with 1% polymer solution. DAP (coated/uncoated) and potassium were applied at the time of sowing as subsurface application. While urea (coated/uncoated) was applied as surface and subsurface application. Results showed that nutrient use efficiencies of wheat were found to be maximum with the subsurface application of coated N fertilizer which increased nutrient-use efficiency by 44.57 (N), 44.56 (P) and 44.53% (K) higher than the surface application of uncoated N fertilizer. Ammonia emissions were found the lowest with subsurface-applied coated N fertilizer. Thus, coated fertilizer applied via subsurface was found the best technique to overcome the ammonia volatilization with an improvement in the yield and nutrient-use efficiency of wheat.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY OF MAJOR NUTRIENTS: A REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkha . ◽  
Ananya Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Organic Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) is an important concept in the evaluation of crop production systems. With emerging nutrient deficiencies under intensive agriculture, there is a need to improve NUE. One of the approaches to enhance it is by judicious use of fertilizers (adequate rate, effective source, methods and time of application) as well as inclusion of organic manures. Organic nutrient sources are very effective but as their availability is not sufficient to meet the nutrient demand, we have to integrate both organic and inorganic sources of nutrients together in order to achieve higher NUE. Common measures of NUE include Partial Factor Productivity (PFP), Agronomic Efficiency (AE), Apparent Recovery Efficiency (RE), Physiological Efficiency (PE) and Internal Utilization Efficiency (IE). Mineral Fertilizer Equivalent (MFE) is another parameter that can be used to assess short term release of nutrients (mainly nitrogen) from organic nutrient sources

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen and Potassium Rates on Early Development of Macaw Palm

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1671-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Duarte Pimentel ◽  
Claudio Horst Bruckner ◽  
Hermínia Emília Prieto Martinez ◽  
Sérgio Yoshimitsu Motoike ◽  
Candida Elisa Manfio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Economic Exploitation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Macaw Palm

ABSTRACT The economic exploitation of macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeate(Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.] is currently in transition, from extractivism to agricultural cultivation, thus requiring studies on the fertilization of the crop. This study evaluated the response of three genotypes of macaw palm to increasing rates of nitrogen and potassium, grown in the field until the 2nd year and to establish reference contents of mineral nutrients in the leaf. The experiment was a split-plot randomized block design with five main treatments (N and K rates) and three secondary treatments (genotypes), with three replications, each plot containing three plants. Plant height, leaf number, vigor, and nutrient contents in leaf tissues were evaluated at the end of 2nd year of cultivation. Differential responses were observed among genotypes, indicating that some genotypes are more efficient in the use of mineral inputs. There was a differentiated and positive response to increasing side-dressed N and K rates in the vegetative development of macaw genotypes until the 2nd year of field cultivation, indicating variability in the species in terms of nutrient use efficiency. The N and K fertilization rate corresponding to 360 g N + 480 g K2O per plant, in four split applications over the two years of cultivation, was insufficient to induce maximum vegetative development in the three macaw genotypes. There was no variation in macro- and micronutrient contents in leaf dry matter of the three macaw genotypes.

Integrating forest residue and mineral fertilization: effects on nutrient acquisition, nutrient use efficiency and growth of eucalypt plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
pp. 119461
Author(s):  
Ianna Bizerra Barros ◽  
Valéria Santos Cavalcante ◽  
Alan Soares Moulin ◽  
Ivo Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Nairam Félix de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Acquisition ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Forest Residue ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Fertilization Effects

scholarly journals Effets De La Fertilisation Sur Les Nématodes Parasites Et Le Rendement En Rhizomes Frais Du Gingembre, Zingiber officinale Rosc

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Assih Alèdi ◽  
Nenonene Yawo Amen ◽  
Tchabi Atti ◽  
Fiaboe Kokou Rodrigue ◽  
Akantetou Komla Pikassalé
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
The University

Ginger, Zingiber officinale is one of the most cultivated spices in the world. Therefore its production is often subject to high pest and disease pressures, particularly that of plant parasitic nematodes. For the sustainable management of parasitic nematodes of ginger, a trial was conducted at Agronomic Research Station of the Graduate School of Agronomy at the University of Lomé to assess the efficacy of some organo-mineral fertilizers on parasitic nematodes. An organic manure based on house waste valorization in three doses (0tha -1 ; 15tha-1 and 25tha-1 ) and five mineral fertilizer formulations from simple mineral fertilizers (Urea 46%, the chloride of potassium and the triple superphosphate): N0P0K0; N45P15K60; N70P50K50; N90P30K100 and N125P90K100) were used according to a split plot design. The inventory of the nematodes permitted to count five genders of nematodes: Meloidogyne; Xiphinema; Longidorus; Helicotylenchus and Pratylenchus. The results indicated that an input of 25 tons of organic manure associated with mineral fertilizer of N70P50K50 and N125P90K100 reduce nematode density by up to 58.62% in roots and 95.88% in soil compared to the treatment without manure and mineral fertilizer. The yield of fresh rhizomes vary from 2.9 to 7.7 t/ha with little statistically effects of the manures. This study reveals that nematodes constitute a serious phytosanitary problem for ginger and that the contribution of organo-mineral fertilization makes it possible to reduce the density of nematodes under ginger.

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