scholarly journals Effects of Stellate Ganglion Block on Healing of Fractures Induced in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hasan Kizilay ◽  
Husamettin Cakici ◽  
Erkan Kilinc ◽  
Tulin Firat ◽  
Tolgahan Kuru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forearm Fracture ◽  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ganglion Stellatum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Objective. Sympathetic blocks are used as an adjunct for pain management in the treatment of orthopedic and traumatic conditions. Stellate ganglion (ganglion stellatum) provides sympathetic innervation of the head, neck and cervicothoracic regions, and upper extremities. No study was found in the literature investigating the effects of stellate ganglion block performed in the upper extremity, on blood supply to bone, density, vascularization, and bone metabolism. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of stellate ganglion block on healing of closed forearm fractures that were induced in rats. Material and Methods. A total of 42 Wistar albino rats weighing between 398 and 510 g were used in this study. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups with one group treated with stellate ganglion and the other included as the control group. In each 2 groups, a closed forearm fracture was created, confirmed with X-ray, and then stabilized by splint application. The forearm bones were examined with X-ray views on the same day and were then decalcified. Results. When histological findings of the fracture region were examined, predominantly cartilage and less woven bone were found in 7 rats, equally distributed cartilage and immature bone in 14 rats, and predominantly imitation bone and less cartilage formation in 21 rats. In the control group, the agreement between the 1st and 2nd orthopedists for the radiological evaluation of bone formation was moderate. Conclusion. The group administered stellate ganglion block showed a more significant fracture healing.

Blood Flow in Common Carotid and Vertebral Arteries in Patients with Sudden Deafness

1997 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimitsu Ohinata ◽  
Shin-Ichi Haginomori ◽  
Kazuo Makimoto ◽  
Michitoshi Araki ◽  
Michiro Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Sudden Deafness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Common ◽  
Normal Adults ◽  
Carotid And Vertebral Arteries

Blood flow was measured in the common carotid artery (CCA) and the vertebral artery (VA) by the ultrasonic Doppler method in 14 male patients with sudden deafness and 70 normal adults. In the patients, blood flow on the affected side was slower than that on the normal side or that of the control group. Although these differences were not statistically significant in the CCA or in the VA, significant differences in the blood flow were noted between the group with a hearing loss of greater than 50 dB and the group with a loss of less than 50 dB. A negative correlation was found between blood viscosity and blood flow in both CCAs and both VAs. After stellate ganglion block (SGB), the blood flow of the CCA and VA increased on the side of the SGB and decreased on the opposite side. The changes in blood flow after SGB decreased with age, presumably because of changes in the blood vessel walls and a weaker response to sympathetic nerve receptors in the arterial wall.

scholarly journals Estimation of Stellate Ganglion Block Injection Point Using the Cricoid Cartilage as Landmark Through X-ray Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong Soo Park ◽  
Ki Jun Kim ◽  
Youn Woo Lee ◽  
Duck Mi Yoon ◽  
Kyung Bong Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cricoid Cartilage ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Injection Point ◽  
X Ray

Evaluation of the Clinical Effect of Color Doppler Ultrasound-Guided Stellate Ganglion Block Combined with Drugs in the Treatment of Cervical Headache

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 938-947
Author(s):  
Qian Yu ◽  
Enrui Zheng ◽  
Xiuju Ding
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Ganglion Block

In order to evaluate the clinical effect of color Doppler ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block combined with drugs in the treatment of cervical headache, a total of 80 patients, who were diagnosed as cervical headache at the hospital designated by this study from December 2017 to December 2018, were selected as study subjects, and were divided into 2 groups of control group and observation group according to random number table method with 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated only with drugs: 0.3 mg gabapentin orally taken 3 times a day, 0.3 mg tizanidine hydrochloride orally taken 3 times a day, and 0.2 mg celecoxib orally taken 3 times a day for a total of 4 continuous weeks; the observation group was treated with ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block based on the scheme of control group. The degree of patients’ pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), which was divided into 0–10 points; the clinical efficacy evaluation was divided into three levels: markedly effective, effective and ineffective. The results showed that the total effective rate of patients’ treatments in observation group was 92.50%, which was significantly higher than that of 72.50% in the control group with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); there was no statistical difference of patients’ average VAS score between the two groups before the treatment (P > 0.05), while the average VAS score of patients in the observation group after treatment (3.58±1.46) was significantly lower than that in the control group (5.37±1.58) with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); and there were no serious adverse reactions in both groups. Therefore, it is believed that color Doppler ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block combined with oral gabapentin, tizanidine hydrochloride, and celecoxib is effective in treating cervical headache. The study results of this paper provides a certain reference for further evaluations of the clinical effect of color Doppler ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block combined with drugs in the treatment of cervical headache.

Cervical Sympathetic Block: Fluoroscopy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samer N. Narouze
Keyword(s):  
Sympathetic Innervation ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Sympathetically Maintained Pain ◽  
Prevertebral Fascia ◽  
Cervical Sympathetic ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Head Neck

In those patients with significant sympathetically maintained pain, repeated blocks may provide a therapeutic value and help facilitate physical therapy and rehabilitation. Cervical sympathetic blocks have been traditionally performed by using surface landmarks, however imaging-guided blocks are strongly recommended to avoid potential serious complications. Most preganglionic sympathetic efferents innervating the head, neck, and upper extremity either pass through or synapse at the stellate ganglion. This provides an ideal target for blockade of sympathetic innervation to the head, neck, and upper limbs. The stellate ganglion block can be performed at the C6 and C7 transverse processes. Fluoroscopy is a reliable method for identifying bony surfaces, which facilitates identifying the C6 and C7 transverse processes; however, this is only a surrogate marker, because the location of the cervical sympathetic trunk is defined by the fascial plane of the prevertebral fascia, which cannot be visualized with fluoroscopy.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Combined Modified Pectoral and Stellate Ganglion Block on Stress and Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Modified Radical

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Geng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yaowen Zhang ◽  
Wenxiang Song ◽  
Junjia Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Pain Scores

Abstract Background: Surgical resection is the primary and most effective method for removing breast tumors, but it is associated with significant stress and inflammatory responses. Previous studies have indicated that these responses can be influenced by anesthetic method. While regional anesthesia has been shown to attenuate stress and inflammatory responses associated with surgical procedure, the effectiveness of combined nerve blocks has not been investigated. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate whether the combination of a pectoral nerve block (PNB) and stellate ganglion block (SGB) is more effective than a PNB alone in reducing stress and inflammatory responses in women undergoing modified radical mastectomy.Methods: A total of 50 breast cancer patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II were enrolled and randomly allocated to receive either a (1) preoperative ultrasound-guided PNB (20 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine) only (control group, n = 25) or (2) ultrasound-guided PNB (20 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine) combined with a SGB (5 mL of 0.15% ropivacaine) (SGB group, n = 25). The primary outcome was neuroendocrine levels at different time points during the 72-hour postoperative period. Assessed neuroendocrine variables included cortisol, glucose, interleukin (IL)-6, interleukin (IL)-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a. Secondary outcomes included pain scores, hemodynamic variables, sleep quality on the night of surgery, and side effects after surgery.Results: A total of 50 patients completed the study. Cortisol levels were significantly lower in the SGB group compared to the control group at the end of the surgery. Glucose levels at the time of incision were lower in the SGB group than in the control group. The SGB group exhibited significantly lower IL-6 and TNF-a levels compared to the control group at 24 hours post-surgery. There was no significant difference in perioperative IL-10 levels between the two groups. Pain scores up to 12 hours postoperatively were significantly lower in the SGB group, which also exhibited better perioperative hemodynamic stability. Patients in the SGB group reported a better sleep quality on the night of the operation than those in the control group. No side effects were observed in either group.Conclusions: In patients undergoing a modified radical mastectomy, the combination of a SGB and PNB can more effectively blunt perioperative stress and inflammatory responses, as well as postoperative acute pain, compared to a PNB alone. A combined block approach also results in more stable perioperative hemodynamics and a better postoperative sleep quality.

Nursing Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block on Cerebral Infarction Based on Message Authentication Code Diameter Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Tan Wang ◽  
Sitong Yan ◽  
Xiaoxu Yuan ◽  
Zhiwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
Ganglion Block ◽  
Hypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Objective: To investigate the influence of stellate ganglion block on the prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage according to the inclusion criteria and whether the complications such as rebleeding and pulmonary infection are related to the occurrence of complications such as recurrent hemorrhage and pulmonary infection. The use of ganglion blockade in the clinical application of cerebrovascular disease and possible risks. Methods: A total of 138 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage who were treated with different treatments in neurosurgery from March 2013 to December 2015 were included in the study. Among them, 67 patients in the treatment group (MAC diameter algorithm stellate ganglion block + conventional treatment) and 71 patients in the control group were collected. The medical records of the two groups were collected for retrospective analysis. Result: There was a difference in the prognosis between the two groups (P = 0.042). There was a difference in the prognosis between the early planetary ganglion block and the late planetary ganglion block in the treatment group (P = 0.043). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of pulmonary infection (P = 0.194) and rebleeding (P = 0.856) during treatment. Conclusion: Stellate ganglion block is helpful for the prognosis of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage. Based on MAC diameter algorithm, stellate ganglion block as a minimally invasive, simple, safe and easy-to-use minimally invasive treatment method has certain curative effect on patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, especially in early application, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Decrease of blood flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery after stellate ganglion block following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a potential vasospasm treatment?

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Christopher Wendel ◽  
Ricardo Scheibe ◽  
Sören Wagner ◽  
Wiebke Tangemann ◽  
Hans Henkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Stellate Ganglion ◽  
Stellate Ganglion Block ◽  
Ganglion Block

OBJECTIVECerebral vasospasm (CV) is a delayed, sustained contraction of the cerebral arteries that tends to occur 3–14 days after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) from a ruptured aneurysm. Vasospasm potentially leads to delayed cerebral ischemia, and despite medical treatment, 1 of 3 patients suffer a persistent neurological deficit. Bedside transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is used to indirectly detect CV through recognition of an increase in cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV). The present study aimed to use TCD ultrasonography to monitor how CBFV changes on both the ipsi- and contralateral sides of the brain in the first 24 hours after patients have received a stellate ganglion block (SGB) to treat CV that persists despite maximum standard therapy.METHODSThe data were culled from records of patients treated between 2013 and 2017. Patients were included if an SGB was administered following aSAH, whose CBFV was ≥ 120 cm/sec and who had either a focal neurological deficit or reduced consciousness despite having received medical treatment and blood pressure management. The SGB was performed on the side where the highest CBFV had been recorded with 8–10 ml ropivacaine 0.2%. The patient’s CBFV was reassessed after 2 and 24 hours.RESULTSThirty-seven patients (male/female ratio 18:19), age 17–70 years (mean age 49.9 ± 11.1), who harbored 13 clipped and 22 coiled aneurysms (1 patient received both a coil and a clip, and 3 patients had 3 untreated aneurysms) had at least one SGB. Patients received up to 4 SGBs, and thus the study comprised a total of 76 SGBs.After the first SGB, CBFV decreased in 80.5% of patients after 2 hours, from a mean of 160.3 ± 28.2 cm/sec to 127.5 ± 34.3 cm/sec (p < 0.001), and it further decreased in 63.4% after 24 hours to 137.2 ± 38.2 cm/sec (p = 0.007). A similar significant effect was found for the subsequent SGB. Adding clonidine showed no significant effect on either the onset or the duration of the SGB. Contralateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow was not reduced by the SGB.CONCLUSIONSTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest study on the effects of administering an SGB to aSAH patients after aneurysm rupture. The data showed a significant reduction in ipsilateral CBFV (MCA 20.5%) after SGB, lasting in about two-thirds of cases for over 24 hours with no major complications resulting from the SGB.

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