scholarly journals Determinants of Low Birth Weight among Newborns Delivered at Public Hospitals in Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia: Unmatched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muse Bututa Bekela ◽  
Mulugeta Shegaze Shimbre ◽  
Teshale Fikadu Gebabo ◽  
Mengesha Boko Geta ◽  
Abayneh Tunje Tonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Control Study

Low birth weight is a global public health problem having various severe and life-threatening health effects. The World Health Organization is working to reduce the prevalence of low birth weight to 30% by the year 2025. Pinpointing the determinants of low birth weight at different scenarios is crucial to reduce the rate of low birth weight in low-income countries which consist of 96.5% of global low birth weight newborns. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess determinants of low birth weight in Sidama Zone public hospitals of South Ethiopia. An institution-based case-control study was conducted from March 1 to May 5, 2019, in Sidama Zone public hospitals. Data were collected from 354 mother-neonate samples with 118 of them having newborns with birth weight<2500 g (cases) and 236 of them having birth weight≥2500 g (controls) using a pretested, interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and medical record review. The odds of being rural dweller women was 3.51 times higher among cases (low birth weight babies) than among controls (normal birth weight babies) as compared to being urban dweller women (AOR=3.51, 95% CI (1.91-6.45)). The likelihood of initiating antenatal care late was 3.22 times more among cases than among controls when compared with timely initiation of antenatal care (AOR=3.22, 95% CI (1.47-7.14)). The probability of having pregnancy-induced hypertension was 4.49 times higher among mothers of the cases than among mothers of the controls as compared to not having pregnancy-induced hypertension (AOR=4.49, 95% CI (1.94-10.38)). The odds of not taking iron and folic acid during pregnancy was 3.92 times higher among mothers of the cases than mothers of the controls when compared with taking iron and folic acid (AOR=3.92, 95% CI (1.80-8.50)). The likelihood of having Mid-Upper Arm Circumference MUAC<23 cm was 4.27 times higher among mothers of the cases than among mothers of the controls as compared to having MUAC≥23 cm (AOR=4.27, 95% CI (2.24-8.12)). The probability of having inadequate dietary diversity was 3.75 times higher among cases than among controls as compared to having adequate dietary diversity (AOR=3.75, 95% CI (1.64-8.57)). Interventions targeting the aversion of low birth weight should focus on promotion of iron-folic acid supplementation and dietary diversification through timely initiation of antenatal care.

scholarly journals Maternal Health Services as Determinant Factors for Low Birth Weight in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a Case-control Study.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonas Abebe ◽  
Maedot Kebede ◽  
Tomas Getahun ◽  
Marekegn Habtamu ◽  
Behailu Tariku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The birth weight of a newborn has a substantial impact on infant mortality, morbidity, development, and long-term health. It is determined by the mother's overall health status. More than 20 million babies are born with low birth weight across the world. In developing countries, almost 17% of all newborns are born with low birth weights, with no exception in Ethiopia. Alleviating this problem, needs a clear understanding of the determinants. Thus, this study was done in Addis Ababa, the most populous city in the country, where the lifestyles of mothers might be affected by the dynamic city life.Method: An unmatched case-control study was applied to assess the risk factors of low birth weight in three randomly selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data was collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics using frequencies and percentages were used to describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the possible effect of determinant factors on low birth weight, with their respective odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Result: We enrolled 168 cases and 336 controls; all completed the study with no refusal. Of all pregnancies, 90 (17.8%) were unplanned and unwanted. And, 153 (30.3%) of mothers have a history of prior abortion. Among the factors we studied, maternal age below 18 years (AOR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.24, 5.84), unwanted and unplanned pregnancy (AOR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.66), ANC visit in the last pregnancy below three (AOR: 3.23, 95% CI: 1.61, 6.49), female neonate (AOR: 1.09, 95% CI: 2.04, 3.20), not supplemented with iron and folic acid (AOR: 3.11, 95% CI: 1.36, 7.11) and hematocrit level of < 30 (AOR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.00, 5.22) showed a statistically significant association with low birth weight.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the age of mothers below 18 years, unwanted and unplanned pregnancy, low ANC visits, lack of iron and folic acid supplements, and low maternal hemoglobin level were the significant determinants of low birth weight among term babies. Thus, women of childbearing age should be screened and educated about the risks of pregnancy and should get the necessary care and support when they get pregnant.

scholarly journals Association between Maternal Dietary Diversity and Low Birth Weight in Central India: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shantanu Sharma ◽  
Sonali Maheshwari ◽  
Sunil Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Central India ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Maternal Undernutrition ◽  
Control Study

Low birth weight (LBW) is one of the major public health challenges in India. LBW etiology is multifactorial and linked to multiple determinants, including maternal undernutrition and sociodemographic characteristics. The objective of the present endeavor was to assess how maternal dietary diversity and other sociodemographic factors among marginalized populations are associated with the incidence of LBW. The study was a part of the community-based intervention that aimed to improve maternal and child health in the Morena district of Madhya Pradesh, a state in central India. In this case-control study, cases were defined as mothers with an LBW child (<2500 grams) and controls as mothers without an LBW child. A quantitative survey was done with women of reproductive age, having at least one child aged 0–24 months. We calculated the dietary diversity based on the number of food groups consumed during pregnancy by women on a daily basis. Stepwise logistic regression models were built to test for associations between sociodemographic and dietary diversity variables and LBW incidence. There were 157 mothers with and 214 without an LBW child. Women’s diets mainly consisted of grains, such as wheat, rice, maize, and roots and tubers. Eggs and meat were consumed by less than 1% of the women. There were 20% lesser chances of an LBW child with increasing maternal dietary diversity scores (odds ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.96). The poor maternal diet quality during pregnancy may result in adverse birth outcomes with long-term consequences in a child.

scholarly journals Maternal factors associated with low birth weight in public hospitals of Mekelle city, Ethiopia: a case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sielu Alemayehu Desta ◽  
Ashenafi Damte ◽  
Tsehay Hailu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mekelle City ◽  
Pregnancy Weight ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Mothers in low socio-economic conditions frequently have low birth weight infants. Inaddition Physically demanding work during pregnancy also contributes to poor fetal growth. During gestation a woman needs balanced nutrition for a healthy outcome. Women with inadequate nutritional status at conception are at greater risk of aquiring disease; their health usually depends on the availability and consumption of balanced diet, and therefore they are unlikely to be able to resist with their high nutrient needs during pregnancy. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to assess the maternal risk factors associated low birth weight in public hospitals of Mekelle city, Tigray North Ethiopia, 2017/2018. Methods Un-matched case-control study design was conducted among women who delivered in public hospitals of Mekelle city. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire through interview, direct physical assessment and medical record review of mothers. Sample size was calculated by Epi-info version 7.0 to get a final sample size of 381(cases = 127 and controls = 254). SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of the independent variables on birth weight. Presence of significant association was determined using OR with its 95%CI. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Table, graphs and texts were used to present the data. Result Most of the mothers (70.1% cases and 43.7% controls) were housewives. This study showed that maternal age ≤ 20 years (AOR = 6.42(95% CI = (1.93–21.42)), ANC follow up (AOR = 3.73(95%CI (1.5–9.24)), History of medical illness (AOR = 14.56(95% CI (3.69–57.45), Iron folate intake (AOR = 21.56(95%CI (6.54–71.14)), Maternal height less than 150 cm (AOR = 9.27(95%CI 3.45–24.89)) and Pregnancy weight gain (AOR = 4.93(95%CI = 1.8–13.48) were significant predictors of low birth weight. Conclusion The study suggests that inadequate ANC follow-up, preterm birth and history of chronic medical illness, maternal height, pregnancy weight gain, and Iron intake were. Were significant predictors of low birth weight. Health professionals should screen and consulate pregnant mothers who are at risk of having infants with LBW and ensure that women have access to essential health information on the causes of low birth weight.

scholarly journals Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Regina Branco da Fonseca ◽  
Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi ◽  
Lídia Raquel de Carvalho ◽  
Rosana Fiorini Puccini
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Nutritional-Related Predictors of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Central Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Berhanu Senbeta Deriba ◽  
Gizachew Abdissa Bulto ◽  
Elias Teferi Bala
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background. Anemia is a major public health problem in both developed and developing countries especially among pregnant women. Nearly half of pregnant women in Ethiopia have anemia which has both health and economic impacts. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying nutritional-related predictors of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Central Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. An unmatched case-control study was conducted at public hospitals in Central Ethiopia from February to April 2019. The consecutive sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire, and the collected data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and SPSS version 23 for analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were computed to identify predictors of anemia. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value < 0.05 was used to determine the presence of an association. Result. A total of 426 pregnant women (142 cases and 284 controls) had participated in this study. Taking tea/coffee immediately after food ( AOR = 2.35 , 95% CI: 1.39-3.99), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) of mothers of <23 centimeters ( AOR = 3.83 , 95% CI: 2.26-6.49), the presence of forbidden food during pregnancy ( AOR = 2.21 , 95% CI: 1.24-3.88), not taking additional food ( AOR = 1.99 , 95% CI: 1.17-3.40), unable to take fruit ( AOR = 4.05 , 95% CI: 1.3-15.47), loss of appetite ( AOR = 2.28 , 95% CI: 1.28-4.09), low dietary diversity score (DDS) ( AOR = 3.29 , 95% CI: 1.83-5.90), and medium DDS ( AOR = 2.88 , 95% CI: 1.46-5.70) were found to be determinants of anemia. Conclusions. Taking tea or coffee immediately after food, MUAC of mothers, the presence of forbidden food, not taking additional food, frequency of taking fruit, and dietary diversity were predictors of anemia among pregnant women. Therefore, interventions targeted at prevention of anemia among pregnant mothers should emphatically consider those identified determinants. This finding also highlights the need for strong nutritional counseling to prevent anemia among pregnant mothers during antenatal care follow-ups along with other interventions.

scholarly journals Determinants of Low Birth Weight Among Newborns Delivered in Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 11 ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getaneh Baye Mulu ◽  
Bereket Gebremichael ◽  
Kalkidan Wondwossen Desta ◽  
Mekonen Adimasu Kebede ◽  
Yared Asmare Aynalem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Determinants of Low Birth Weight Infants in Mekelle Zone, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia- Case-Control study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Seid Adem ◽  
Nigisti Hailemariam Gebresalassie ◽  
Tesfaye Hailu Tekele
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background : Low Birth Weight is a public health problem in Ethiopian. This study aimed to identify its determinant factors in Mekelle Zone, northern Ethiopia. Methods : Case control study design was employed on randomly selected 464 newborn. Baby measuring scale was used to weighing the newborn. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants factors, P < 0.05 and 95 % confidence level by using SPSS version 20 statistical software. Results : Maternal age <20 years (AOR = 2.9, 95 % CI: 1.55, 5.47), income < 2500 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 3.5, (95 % CI: 1.57, 7.95), gestation < 37 weeks (AOR= 4, 95% CI: 2.18, 7.29), hypertension (AOR= 2.6, 95% CI: 1.15, 6.07), anemia (AOR= 3.2, 95% CI: 1.70, 6.17), didn’t consume milk/week (AOR= 2.3, 95% CI: 1.02, 5.35), low dietary diversity (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.22, 6.19), MUAC < 23 cm (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.14, 4.04) were the identified determinants factors for low birth weight. Conclusions : Maternal age, income, history of hypertension and anemia, milk consumption, dietary diversity and maternal MUAC were the determinants Therefore, employing multisectoral coordinated intervention is essential to ending low birth weight.

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes of Full-Term Low Birth Weight Infants Born at a Tertiary Academic Center: A Prospective Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Control Study

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

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