En Balance: The Contribution of Physical Activity to the Efficacy of Spanish Diabetes Education of Hispanic Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose. En Balance, a culturally sensitive diabetes education program, improves glycemic control in Hispanics with type 2 diabetes. The program emphasized diet, physical activity, and other factors important for glycemic control. However, the individual contributions of these education factors are unclear. The purpose of this study is to assess the contribution of physical activity to the success of En Balance in improving the health of Mexican Americans with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A retrospective study was conducted with plasma samples collected pre- and post-3-month study. Samples from 58 (18 males and 40 females) Hispanic subjects with type 2 diabetes were analyzed for the concentration of kynurenines, known to decrease in response to exercise. After three months, health outcomes for the active group (decreased kynurenines) and the rest of the cohort were evaluated by paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results. Half of the subjects had increased kynurenine levels at the end of the educational program. We found that the subjects in the active group with decreased kynurenine concentrations displayed statistically greater improvements in fasting blood glucose, A1C, cholesterol, and triglycerides despite weight loss being higher in the group with increased kynurenine concentrations. Conclusions. En Balance participants with decreased kynurenine levels had significantly improved glycemic control. These data suggest that physical activity significantly contributes to the success of the En Balance education program. This analysis indicates that diabetes public health educators should emphasize the benefit of physical activity on glycemic control even in the absence of major weight loss.

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Effect of Diabetes Education Program on Glycemic Control and Self Management for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Korean Diabetes Journal ◽

10.4093/kdj.2009.33.6.518 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 518 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Ji Hyun Kim ◽

Sang Ah Chang

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Education Program ◽

Diabetes Education ◽

Self Management

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Review of Cost Efficiency and Efficacy of Delivering a Diabetes Education Program in a Southwest Rural Healthcare Facility

The Diabetes Educator ◽

10.1177/014572179802400407 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 485-492 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Linda E. Schrock

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Education Program ◽

Diabetes Education ◽

Glucose Monitoring ◽

Healthcare Facility ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Physician Satisfaction ◽

Blood Glucose Monitoring

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of redesigning the education program from individual instructional sessions to a format where the majority of instruction was provided through small group classes. Patient outcomes of lifestyle changes as evidenced by weight loss, improved glycemic control, adoption of a consistent pattern of blood glucose monitoring, and increased physical activity were evaluated using a physician satisfaction survey and a patient satisfaction and lifestyle change survey. The findings indicate that the changes in the education program accommodated a variety of needs; facilitated cost-effectiveness; were convenient for the patients, educators, and physicians; and still promoted adaptive lifestyle changes in behavior leading to improved glycemic control, increased levels of physical activity, and weight loss in persons with type 2 diabetes.

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The Effects of a Supplemental, Theory-Based Physical Activity Counseling Intervention for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.8.7.944 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 944-954 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ronald C. Plotnikoff ◽

Michael A. Pickering ◽

Nicole Glenn ◽

Sandra L. Doze ◽

Melissa L. Reinbold-Matthews ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Education Program ◽

Standard Care ◽

Diabetes Education ◽

Self Report ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Time Points ◽

Counseling Intervention

Background:Physical activity (PA) is a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This pilot investigation explores the effects of a standard diabetes education program compared with a supplemental PA intervention on diabetes-related health outcomes.Methods:Using a prospective 2-armed design, 96 adults with T2DM were randomly assigned to either standard care (diabetes education program; n = 49) or standard care supplemented with an 8-week, individualized-counseling and community-based PA component (n = 47). Measurements were taken at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Primary outcomes were changes in PA (self-report) and HbA1c. Between group changes were compared using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and changes over time using repeated-measures ANOVA.Results:In comparison with standard care, the supplemental group demonstrated an increase in PA (Ps < 0.01) and cardiorespiratory fitness (Ps < 0.05) from baseline to all follow-up time-points. HbA1c levels declined (P < .05) from baseline to all time points in the standard care group. Reduction in cholesterol-ratio (P < .01), increase in HDL (P < .05), and reductions in blood pressure, resting heart rate and BMI (approaching statistical significance Ps < 0.10) were also reported for both groups.Conclusions:PA counseling in addition to standard care is effective for promoting PA behavior change and positive health-related outcomes among individuals with T2DM.

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Yoga as a Complementary Therapy for Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Design and Rationale of the Healthy, Active, and in Control (HA1C) Study

International Journal of Yoga Therapy ◽

10.17761/2018-00026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 123-132

Author(s):

Herpreet Thind ◽

Joseph L. Fava ◽

Kate M. Guthrie ◽

Laura Stroud ◽

Geetha Gopalakrishnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

The United States ◽

Mindfulness Practice ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose

Abstract Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States. For most patients, medication alone is not sufficient to achieve glycemic control; attention must also be paid to multiple healthy behaviors including diet, regular physical activity, and stress management. Yoga, a mindfulness practice with emphasis on relaxation, meditation, and deep breathing, may have special relevance to people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yoga practice may positively affect stress and other self-care tasks that will contribute to improved glycemic control. The Healthy, Active, and in Control (HA1C) study is designed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of yoga among adult patients with T2DM. In this pilot randomized controlled trial, adults with T2DM were randomly assigned to either a 12-week Iyengar Yoga intervention given twice weekly, or a twice-weekly 12-week program of traditional exercise (e.g., walking, stationary cycling). Assessments are conducted at the end of treatment (12 weeks) and at 3 and 6 months postintervention. The HA1C study will assess feasibility and acceptability (e.g., attendance/retention rates, satisfaction with program), glycemic outcomes (e.g., HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose), and changes in physiological (e.g., salivary cortisol) and behavioral factors (e.g., physical activity, diet) relevant to the management of T2DM. Focus groups are conducted at the end of the intervention to explore participants' experience with the program and their perception of the potential utility of yoga for diabetes management.

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Abstract #806359: SGLT 2 Inhibitors; Glycemic Control, Weight Loss and Safety Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes, at Medicell Institute: a Private Care Facility

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)39691-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Erum Sohail

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Safety Profile ◽

Care Facility ◽

Private Care

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How to Maintain a Healthy Body Weight

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.76.4.208 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (4) ◽

pp. 208-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Astrup

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Body Weight ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Weight Control ◽

Healthy Body Weight ◽

Healthy Body

The epidemic of both obesity and type 2 diabetes is due to environmental factors, but the individuals developing the conditions possess a strong genetic predisposition. Observational surveys and intervention studies have shown that excess body fatness is the major environmental cause of type 2 diabetes, and that even a minor weight loss can prevent its development in high-risk subjects. Maintenance of a healthy body weight in susceptible individuals requires 45–60 minutes physical activity daily, a fat-reduced diet with plenty of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, and lean meat and dairy products, and moderate consumption of calorie containing beverages. The use of table values to predict the glycemic index of meals is of little – if any – value, and the role of a low-glycemic index diet for body weight control is controversial. The replacement of starchy carbohydrates with protein from lean meat and lean dairy products enhances satiety, and facilitate weight control. It is possible that dairy calcium also promotes weight loss, although the mechanism of action remains unclear. A weight loss of 5–10% can be induced in almost all obese patients providing treatment is offered by a professional team consisting of a physician and dieticians or nurses trained to focus on weight loss and maintenance. Whereas increasing daily physical activity and regular exercise does not significantly effect the rate of weight loss in the induction phase, it plays an important role in the weight maintenance phase due to an impact on daily energy expenditure and also to a direct enhancement of insulin sensitivity.

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