scholarly journals Proportion and Associated Factors of Low Vision among Adult Patients Attending at University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, Gondar Town, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Melkamu Temeselew Tegegn ◽  
Gizachew Tilahun Belete ◽  
Ayanaw Tsega Ferede ◽  
Aragaw Kegne Assaye
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
And Training

Introduction. Low vision is a worldwide health problem in both developing and developed countries. A national survey of low vision and blindness in Ethiopia showed that the prevalence of low vision was 3.7% and that of blindness was 1.6%, whereas there is no evidence in the study area. Purpose. The study was aimed to assess the proportion and associated factors of low vision at the University of Gondar tertiary eye care and training center. Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 727 study participants with a systematic random sampling technique from April 18 to May 16, 2019. Data were collected through the use of a structural questionnaire and physical eye examination. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7, and analysis was performed by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20. The binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with low vision, and variables with a P value of <0.05 in a multivariable binary logistic regression were considered as statistically significant. Results. A total of 715 study participants have participated in this study with a mean age of 49.39 ± 19.93 years. The prevalence of low vision was 35.7% (95% CI: 32.3, 39.3). Being female (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.28), no formal educational level (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.25, 4.02), history of cataract surgery (AOR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.53, 4.36), and age ≥ 70 years (AOR: 3.96; 95% CI: 2.21, 7.10) were significantly associated with low vision. Conclusion and Recommendation. The prevalence of low vision found in this study was high as compared with the national and global magnitude. Older age, being female, previous history of cataract surgery, and no formal education were independently and significantly associated with low vision. Cataract and uncorrected refractive errors were identified as the main causes of low vision. Therefore, it requires a plan to provide an eye care education to the community, increasing the quality of cataract surgery and refractive service for the community in the catchment area.

scholarly journals Prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adults with Glaucoma attending University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital tertiary eye care and training center, Northwest, Ethiopia 2020

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252064
Author(s):  
Mikias Mered Tilahun ◽  
Betelhem Temesgen Yibekal ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Fisseha Ademassu Ayele
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
And Training

Purpose This study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adults with glaucoma at Gondar university comprehensive specialized hospital tertiary eye care and training center. Glaucoma predisposes patients to common mental problems and leads to wasteful, costly and inefficient use of medical services and complications of the diagnoses. So, determining the level and factors associated with common mental disorders among glaucoma patient would help to improve and integrate comprehensive ophthalmic services which address common mental disorder in a follow-up visit. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 495 glaucoma patients selected by using systematic random sampling. Data were collected through face-to-face interview and chart review. Self-reported questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to assess the presence of common mental disorders. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with common mental disorders. Variables with P<0.05 were considered as factors significantly associated with common mental disorders. Result Four hundred sixty-eight patients were included in this study with a response rate of 94.54%. The mean age of the participant was 58 ± 14.11 years. The prevalence of common mental disorders was found to be 29.5% (95% CI 25.4–33.3). Female sex (AOR = 3.79, 95% CI: 1.66–8.62) (p-value = 0.001), average monthly income of less than 1200 birr (AOR = 6.05 95% CI: 2.26–16.22) (p-value = 0.001), poor level of social support (AOR = 17.39 95% CI: 7.79–38.82) (p-value = 0.001), moderate and high risk of alcohol use (AOR = 10.42 95%CI: 2.74–39.54) (p-value = 0.001), presence of chronic medical illness (AOR = 3.85 95% CI: 2.07–7.16) (p-value = 0.001), receiving both drug and surgical treatment (AOR = 2.50, 95%CI: 1.30–4.83) (p-value = 0.006) and presence of systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors use (AOR = 3.16, 95%CI: 1.65–6.06) (p-value = 0.001) were significantly associated with increased level of common mental disorders. Conclusion Significant numbers of glaucoma patients have CMD and found significantly associated with socio-economic, ocular and systemic clinical factors. Therefore, the integration of psychosocial care into the current treatment of patients with glaucoma would have a significant advantage to help these patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients at University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, North-West Ethiopia. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfahun Ejigu ◽  
Asmere Tsegaw
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Training Center ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
And Training

Abstract Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is the most common cause of blindness among the working age group in the developed world and the fifth leading cause of global blindness. In Sub-Saharan Africa, 2.8% of all blindness is caused by DR. Studies addressing the patterns of DR and associated factors are scarce in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to determine the Prevalence and associated factors of DR among DM patients attending University of Gondar (UOG), Tertiary Eye Care and Training center.Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2019 to February 2020 involving all consecutive diabetes patients who visited the center during the study period. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire and data extraction check list, and entered into SPSS version 20 and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done to identify predictors of DR. Statistical significance was determined with 95% confidence interval using odds ratio and p-values.Results: A total of 225 DM patients with mean age of 55.4 ± 13.5 years were studied, of whom 95 (42.2%) had DR. Duration of diabetes ≥ 6 years (AOR= 2.91: 95%CI; 1.01-8.35) and baseline age < 60 years (AOR= 3.2: 95%CI; 1.19 - 8.63) were significantly associated with DR. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with the form of therapy. Those on insulin (p=0.025), and oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) with insulin combination (p=0.014) had statistically significantly associated with development of DR. Patients with systolic blood pressure of <140 mmHg were 3.6 times (AOR=0.28:95%CI:0.09-0.82) less likely to have DR. A majority of patients had Non-proliferative DR (NPDR) without diabetic macular edema (DME) (34.2%). DME and proliferative DR (PDR) were seen in 5.7% and 3.6% of the patients respectively. Vision threatening DR (VTDR) was seen in 10.7% of patients. There was significant association between age <60 years and VTDR (AOR=4.19: 95%CI; 1.23-14.35).Conclusion: The prevalence of DR among our study patients was very high. Longer duration of diabetes, higher systolic blood pressure, baseline age < 60 years, use of insulin alone and use of combination of insulin with OHA were independently associated with DR. Health education; early screening and treatment are recommended.

scholarly journals Substances use and its association with sociodemographic, family and environment-related factors among technical and vocational education and training College Students in Ataye, Ethiopia, 2019.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
abate dargie wubetu ◽  
Sintayehu Getachew ◽  
Wassie Negash
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vocational Education ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Substance User ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background: substance use is prevalent in Ethiopia. Substance use can have several health problems that are potentially harmful in educational performance, social issues, psychological and physical wellbeing; especially on youth and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lifetime and last one-month substance use and its associated factors among technical and vocational education and training College Students (TVET) in Ataye town. Methods: an institution based cross-sectional study was conducted. Participants were selected by using simple random sampling technique. Chi-square with its p-value was used to identify correlates for each substance use. Bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify associated factors after controlling cofounding. Odds ratio with their 95% confidence interval, and P < 0.05 was used to declare the significance of associated factors. Results: A total of 483 individuals were participated, which was a response rate of 94%. The prevalence of lifetime substance use was 32.5% (95% CI: 28.2, 36.5). The prevalence of last month's substance use was 21.9% (95% CI= 18.2, 25.5). Among lifetime users, the majority 98(25.5%) were chewed Khat; followed by alcohol drinking 75(19.5%). Cigarettes, cannabis, and cocaine users were 15.3%, 2.5%, and 7.2% respectively. Among last month's substance users, the same proportions (21.9%) chewed Khat; followed by alcohol drinking, (16.6%) and cigarette smoking, (15.3%). Of last month's substance users, 1.2% and 3.3% of students used Cannabis and cocaine respectively. Using multivariate binary logistic regression, Being male (AOR=2.2, 95%CI: 2.3, 3.84), Being from divorced family (AOR=4.1,95%CI: 1.1, 5.8), Living > 20 years in the town (AOR=3.45,95%CI: 1.18,10.1), had family member substance user (AOR=2.5, 95%CI: 1.1, 5.8), had intimate friend substance user (AOR=5.3,95%CI: 2.6,10.9), and availability of substances (AOR=2.3,95%CI: 1.2,4.4.) were independent predictors of lifetime substance use among TVET college students. Conclusions: The prevalence of last month and lifetime substance use among Ataye TVET College students were analogous with other studies done in Ethiopia. Cannabis and cocaine are illegal drugs in Ethiopia. But, the reported proportion of these illegal drug use was significant and needs government attention. Overall, Substance use among adolescents should get further emphasis to lower the prevalence.

scholarly journals Assessment of pain and postoperative nausea and vomiting and their association in the early postoperative period: an observational study from Palestine

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem M. Elsaid ◽  
Ashraqat S. Namrouti ◽  
Ahmad M. Samara ◽  
Wael Sadaqa ◽  
Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Postoperative Nausea ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and postoperative pain (POP) are most commonly experienced in the early hours after surgery. Many studies have reported high rates of PONV and POP, and have identified factors that could predict the development of these complications. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between PONV and POP, and to identify some factors associated with these symptoms. Methods This was a prospective, multicentre, observational study performed at An-Najah National University Hospital and Rafidia Governmental Hospital, the major surgical hospitals in northern Palestine, from October 2019 to February 2020. A data collection form, adapted from multiple previous studies, was used to evaluate factors associated with PONV and POP in patients undergoing elective surgery. Patients were interviewed during the first 24 h following surgery. Multiple binary logistic regression was applied to determine factors that were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Results Of the 211 patients included, nausea occurred in 43.1%, vomiting in 17.5%, and PONV in 45.5%. Multiple binary logistic regression analysis, using PONV as a dependent variable, showed that only patients with a history of PONV [odds ratio (OR) = 2.28; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–5.01; p = 0.041] and POP (OR = 2.41; 95% CI = 1.17–4.97; p = 0.018) were significantly associated with the occurrence of PONV. Most participants (74.4%) reported experiencing pain at some point during the first 24 h following surgery. Additionally, the type and duration of surgery were significantly associated with POP (p-values were 0.002 and 0.006, respectively). Conclusions PONV and POP are common complications in our surgical patients. Factors associated with PONV include a prior history of PONV and POP. Patients at risk should be identified, the proper formulation of PONV protocols should be considered, and appropriate management plans should be implemented to improve patients’ outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document