Occupational Therapy Goal Achievement for People with Stroke: A Retrospective Study

Background/Aims. The process of occupational therapy services starts with assessing the occupational performance problems, setting goals, and implementing various intervention strategies to achieve the goals. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of achieving occupational therapy goals for people with stroke and categorize the goals according to the aspects of the domain of occupational therapy. Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective study design was used. People with stroke receiving rehabilitation services at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) were the target of this study. Data about the extent of achieving occupational therapy goals were collected using the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). Results. Of the 100 medical records of people with stroke included in this study, only 30% of the goals were functional. Only 54% of the goals were achieved. No association was found between the number of achieved goals and variables such as age, gender, type of stroke, and stroke hemisphere/side. Conclusion. People with stroke included in this study have not shown significant progress toward achieving their therapy goals. As for clinical practice, this study could guide therapists in the future to improve the process of achieving their patients’ goals.

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Patient functional independence and occupational therapist time-use in inpatient services: Patient demographic and clinical correlates

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/15691861211018758 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 156918612110187

Author(s):

Bianca E Summers ◽

Kate E Laver ◽

Rebecca J Nicks ◽

Nadine E Andrew ◽

Christopher J Barr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Time Use ◽

Health Care Expenditure ◽

Functional Independence ◽

Occupational Therapist ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

Therapy Services ◽

Multivariable Modelling

Introduction Health care expenditure has rapidly increased in Australia. Effective management of occupational therapy services is required to meet clinical demand. Improving our understanding of factors which influence occupational therapy service delivery is a vital step to manage workload distribution and optimise service efficiency. This study aims to examine the influence of patient sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosis and functional independence on the utilisation of occupational therapy resources in hospital inpatients over 18 years old. Methods Prospective, cross-sectional, observational cohort study of 4549 inpatients from three hospital sites in Melbourne, Australia. Data extracted from organisational databases and included in this study were: patient demographics, diagnosis, functional level assessed using the SMAF (Functional Autonomy Measurement System) and occupational therapy time-use. Data were analysed using univariable and multivariable modelling. Results Occupational therapy time-use was significantly associated with all variables included in analysis ( p < 0.05). For each variable the amount and direction of effect differed between hospital sites. The SMAF was the only variable consistently associated with occupational therapy time-use. Higher occupational therapy time-use was associated with lower functional independence (leading to a 3.5 min increase in median occupational therapy time for every unit decrease in SMAF score). Conclusions Management of resources within busy hospitals require knowledge of factors associated with occupational therapist time-use. This study identified that time-use could in part be predicted by functional independence, diagnosis and sociodemographic characteristics. Occupational therapy managers can use this information to support decision making while acknowledging other patient and therapist level factors also influence time-use.

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Epidemiological Features of Neonates With COVID-19 Infection in Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1141407/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Parisa Mohagheghi ◽

Fereshteh Moshfegh ◽

Nazanin Zafaranloo ◽

Narjes Khalili ◽

Mohammad Heidarzadeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Gestational Age ◽

National Registry ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Study Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Common Sign ◽

Pcr Test

Abstract Objective: Although, the COVID-19 Pandemic has drawn the attention of physicians and researchers from all corners of the globe since it has been out broken in different countries, we have also started to invest more about the epidemiological features of neonates that had been affected by COVID-19 in Iran till now.Method: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study including all neonates from a National Registry supported by Iranian Maternal and Neonatal Network (IMaN). Since February 2020 till February 2021, data of neonates under 28 days who were diagnosed with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 has been registered in this network were collected. General data including epidemiological, clinical outcomes and infection-related information were collected. Results: In our retrospective study, data of 4015 neonates admitted to hospital all over the country and reported in IMAN is included. Totally 3725 PCR tests were performed (92.8% of admitted neonates) and from these neonates 825 (20.5%) showed positive PCR test. There were no differences between gender, weight and gestational age in neonates with positive and negative PCR test. Neonatal clinical findings were dependent to the type of admission. Respiratory distress was the most common sign in neonates, who were admitted immediately after birth (63.9%), and who were transferred from another hospital (17%); however in those who were admitted after one to several days after discharge (19.1%), the most common sign were sepsis like syndrome (31.8%) and fever (27.4%). Almost 50% of admitted neonate`s mothers had positive PCR test (25% during pregnancy and 24.3% after delivery). The most important factor of neonatal death was need for respiratory support (aOR=18.17, 95% CI; 9.24– 35.69). Gestational age of <32 weeks (aOR=2.35, 95% CI; 1.35-4.10) and birth weight of <1500 grams (aOR= 3.47, 95% CI; 1.96-6.17) were the other two factors that correlated to death. Conclusion: This is the largest study of neonatal COVID-19 diseases in Iran published to date. The most common signs of COVID-19 diseases found in neonates are respiratory distress and sepsis-like syndrome.

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Telehealth for the Provision of Occupational Therapy: Reflections on Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of Telerehabilitation ◽

10.5195/ijt.2020.6328 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 77-92

Author(s):

Sue Dahl-Popolizio ◽

Heidi Carpenter ◽

Melissa Coronado ◽

Nicholas J. Popolizio ◽

Connor Swanson

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Online Survey ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Service Delivery Model ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Delivery Model ◽

Therapy Services ◽

Effective Service ◽

Therapy Service

During the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, healthcare professionals worldwide abruptly shifted from an in-person to a telehealth service delivery model. Many did so without advanced training or preparation. This cross-sectional study explored how occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) used telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether they found it to be an effective service delivery model that should be a permanent option for providing occupational therapy services. An online survey was disseminated; it included Likert scale questions, multiple option questions, and open-ended questions regarding telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 230 respondents, 176 (77%) support telehealth as a substitute for in-person services; 179 (78%) support telehealth as a permanent option for occupational therapy service delivery. This information lends support to the uninterrupted use of telehealth by OTPs when government emergency orders in response to COVID-19 expire.

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Validity and Community Utility of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/000841740006700105 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 22-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 141

Author(s):

Mary Ann McColl ◽

Margo Paterson ◽

Diane Davies ◽

Lorna Doubt ◽

Mary Law

Keyword(s):

Life Satisfaction ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Daily Living ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Performance Measure ◽

National Standard ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Project Coordinator ◽

Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽

Therapy Services

This study addressed the validity and community utility of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) (Law et al., 1991; 1994; 1998): a measure that now represents a national standard in clinical practice and research in occupational therapy in Canada. The study employed a crosssectional design. Participants for the study were former consumers of occupational therapy services, recruited from the Queen's University catchment area (Kingston, North Bay, Oshawa, Perth, Peterborough). A sample of 61 disabled individuals living in the community were recruited. Each individual was sent a package of self-administered measures including the Satisfaction with Performance Scaled Questionnaire, the Reintegration to Normal Living Index, the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Perceived Problems List. An interview was also arranged with the project coordinator, which was based on the COPM and the Consumer Utility Questionnaire. Multivariate analyses showed that construct validity was supported; scores on the COPM were significantly related to theoretically related constructs: satisfaction with performance, reintegration to normal living and life satisfaction. In addition, criterion validity was supported. A majority of participants (53%), when asked about problems of daily living, spontaneously reported at least one of the problems raised on the COPM. Community utility was evaluated highly by participants, 75% of whom found the COPM useful in identifying and rating their problems, and 100% of whom reported no problems in understanding the COPM.

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Análise do desempenho ocupacional de pacientes com síndorme do túnel do carpo/Analysis of Occupational Performance of Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO ◽

10.47222/2526-3544.rbto18547 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 65-75

Author(s):

Julliana De Cássia Barros Fonseca ◽

Izabelle Mendes da Silva Frazão ◽

Maitê Martins Pimenta ◽

Zarah Rocha Paixão de Almeida ◽

Rogéria Pimentel De Araújo Monteiro

Keyword(s):

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Occupational Therapy ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

And Performance ◽

New Research

Introdução: A Síndrome do Túnel do Carpo (STC) é definida como uma neuropatia periférica, causada pela compressão do nervo mediano por uma redução do espaço no túnel do carpo, caracterizada por um conjunto de sintomas que incluem dormência, formigamento, queimação e dor contínua nos dedos e tais manifestações podem desencadear dificuldades na execução de ações que fazem parte das atividades cotidianas. Objetivo: Analisar o desempenho ocupacional de indivíduos com STC. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, quase experimental, de cunho transversal, que teve como participantes indivíduos diagnosticados com STC, atendidos pelo setor de Traumatologia e Ortopedia de um hospital privado. Foram realizadas entrevistas com perguntas voltadas às mudanças no desempenho ocupacional dos mesmos, após o diagnóstico da patologia. Resultados/Discussão: Os participantes, em sua maioria eram do sexo feminino, e realizavam esforços repetitivos, o que contribuiu para o desenvolvimento da patologia. Os indivíduos referiram dificuldades em realizar atividades do cotidiano, as quais estão inseridas as três categorias do desempenho ocupacional: áreas de desempenho, componentes de desempenho e contextos de desempenho. Conclusões: Este estudo possibilitou a compreensão sobre a neuropatia em questão e instigou a realização de novas pesquisas acerca do comprometimento no desempenho ocupacional dos indivíduos. A partir disto, ressalta-se a importância da participação efetiva dos Terapeutas Ocupacionais em eventos científicos e a relevância da apresentação e publicação de estudos não só em eventos da Terapia Ocupacional. Abstract Introduction: The Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is defined as peripheral neuropathy, caused by compression of the median nerve by a reduction of the carpal tunnel space. This pathology is characterized for a group of symptoms that usually include numbness, prickle or a feeling of “pinching”, burning and continuous pain in the fingers, that such manifesting can triggered difficulty in performing actions that are part of daily activities, can it is considered that CTS may lead to a failure to integrate the three elements of occupational performance. Objective: To analyze the occupational performance of individuals with CST. Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional research that had as participants individuals diagnosed with CTS, attended by the Traumatology and Orthopedic Sector of a private hospital. Interviews were conducted with questions about the changes in their occupational performance after diagnosis of the pathology. Results/Discussion: The participants, mostly female, performed repetitive efforts, which contributed to the development of the pathology. Individuals reported difficulties in carrying out daily activities, which include the three categories of occupational performance: areas of performance, performance components and performance contexts. Conclusions: This study made possible the understanding about the neuropathy in question and instigated the realization of new research about the compromise in the occupational performance of the individuals. From this, it is emphasized the importance of the effective participation of Occupational Therapists in scientific events and the relevance of the presentation and publication of studies not only in Occupational Therapy events. Keywords: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Occupational Performance; Occupational Therapy.

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Occupational Therapy Services in School-Based Practice: A Pediatric Occupational Therapy Perspective from Ireland

Occupational Therapy International ◽

10.1155/2021/6636478 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Carol O’Donoghue ◽

Jennifer O’Leary ◽

Helen Lynch

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Service Delivery ◽

Service Provision ◽

Online Survey ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Based ◽

Therapy Services

Purpose. School is a primary setting for pediatric occupational therapy practice, yet little is known about the provision of school-based occupational therapy in many countries internationally. The purpose of this study was to explore current school-based occupational therapy practice for the first time in Ireland to gain insight into current and potential service provision and to identify new directions and potential pathways for development. Methods. This descriptive quantitative study utilized a cross-sectional online survey to gain the perspectives of the population of pediatric occupational therapists working regularly in schools across Ireland. Respondents were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling. Data were analysed through qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics. Results. The survey elicited 35 responses, yielding a 21.2% estimated response rate. Findings demonstrated that respondents provided therapy services in schools most commonly on a weekly (28.6%) or monthly (34.3%) basis, with only 5.0% working in the same school on a weekly or fortnightly basis. The majority of respondents (54.3%) used a direct therapy approach with a child, rather than coaching or modelling, to primarily address sensory, hand function, or daily living needs. None used a whole class or whole school (universal or tiered) approach. While respondents (54.3%) generally viewed collaborative practice as a strength of school-based practice, they also identified barriers to collaboration in schools. A core barrier is related to how services are constructed across health and education, with differing philosophies of service provision. The majority of respondents (75.0%) reported that they had not received any training to deliver evidence-based practice in therapy provision specific to school-based practice. Implications for Practice. This study indicates that therapists require continual education on evidence-based school practice as it applies in an Irish context. Furthermore, clarification of school therapy roles and service delivery models are required in order to determine how they contrast with traditional clinic roles. This will enable therapists to strengthen the coordination of service delivery between health and educational services to maximize the outcomes of school-based practice.

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Orientações terapêuticas ocupacionais nos leitos de retaguarda / Occupational therapist guidelines in the recovery beds

Revista Interinstitucional Brasileira de Terapia Ocupacional - REVISBRATO ◽

10.47222/2526-3544.rbto14496 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 542-554

Author(s):

Juliana Cristina de Melo Santos ◽

Mariana Lima da Silva Lousada ◽

Aneide Rocha de Marcos Rabelo ◽

Sarah Cristine Silva Macedo

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Sensory Stimulation ◽

Patient Treatment ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Therapy Guidelines ◽

Study Population ◽

The Mean ◽

Technology Resources

O estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as orientações terapêuticas ocupacionais fornecidas aos pacientes e seus familiares nos Leitos de Retaguarda, para que alcancem o máximo de independência e autonomia nas suas áreas de desempenho ocupacional. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de corte transversal. Os dados foram coletados a partir de uma pesquisa documental, referente aos meses de março e abril de 2015. A população do estudo foi formada por usuários do serviço de um hospital escola, de ambos os sexos. As orientações foram retiradas a partir de um diário de campo dos profissionais. Esses dados foram tabulados para análise em frequência simples. Houve uma predominância do sexo masculino e a média de idade foi de 68 anos. As principais orientações fornecidas foram: melhor inserção nas AVDs, posicionamento no leito, transferência, estimulação sensorial, cuidados durante o manuseio com o membro superior afetado, mudança de decúbito, uso dos recursos de tecnologia assistiva, manutenção da orientação temporal/espacial, simetria durante as AVDs e mobilização. Diante disso, as orientações terapêuticas ocupacionais visam contribuir no tratamento do paciente, auxiliando o mesmo a lidar com as mudanças, evitando complicações para que este alcance independência e qualidade de vida. Através destas o paciente pós AVE poderá retomar sua vida de forma ativa e satisfatória.AbstractThe aim of this study was to characterize the occupational therapy guidelines provided to patients and their families in the Recovery Beds, seeking the achievement of a maximum independence and autonomy in their areas of occupational performance. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The data were collected from a documentary survey during the period of March and April of 2015. The study population was formed by the service users of a school hospital, from both sexes. The guidelines were taken from a field journal of professionals. These data were categorized for simple frequency analysis. There was predominance of males and the mean age was 68. The main guidelines were: insertion in ADL, improvement, bed positioning, transfer, sensory stimulation, care during manipulation with the affected upper limb, change of decubitus, use of assistive technology resources, maintenance of temporal / spatial orientation, symmetry during ADL and mobilization. Therefore, the occupational therapy guidelines aim to contribute to the patient treatment, helping him/her to cope with the charges, avoiding complications in order to achieve independence and quality of life. Due to that the patient post CVA can readjust his/her life in an active and satisfactory way.Keywords: cerebrovascular Accident; Hospitalization; Guidance; Occupational Therapy.

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Home and Community Occupational Therapy for Children and Youth: A before and after Study

Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/000841740507200505 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 289-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mary Law ◽

Annette Majnemer ◽

Mary Ann McColl ◽

Jackie Bosch ◽

Steven Hanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Home Care ◽

Service Provision ◽

Performance Outcomes ◽

Children And Youth ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Before And After ◽

Therapy Services ◽

Perception Of Care ◽

Before And After Study

Background. There has been an increased focus on home care service provision in recent years, yet there are few data available about the provision of home and community occupational therapy for children and youth. Purpose. To evaluate key elements of a service provision model for home care occupational therapy in terms of occupational performance outcomes, perception of care and cost. Methods. Eleven centres in Ontario and Quebec recruited 167 children and youth up to 18 years of age to a before and after study of occupational therapy services in the home and community. Occupational performance, quality of life and costs were measured at baseline and study end. Perception of care was measured at study completion. Results. A statistically and clinically significant improvement in occupational performance was demonstrated (p<0.001). The clients' families gave high ratings to the process of care provided by the occupational therapists. These data did not demonstrate a clear relationship between amount of service, cost and occupational performance outcome. Practice Implications. Children receiving home and community occupational therapy services change in their occupational performance abilities. These changes are not directly related to the amount or focus of the occupational therapy services.

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Occupational therapy practice with children with developmental coordination disorder: An online qualitative vignette survey

British Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/0308022620944100 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 030802262094410

Author(s):

Áine Emma O’Dea ◽

Susan Coote ◽

Katie Robinson

Keyword(s):

Occupational Therapy ◽

Survey Methodology ◽

Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Case Vignette ◽

Occupational Engagement ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Strategies ◽

Coordination Disorder

Introduction Children and young people with developmental coordination disorder experience multiple occupational performance and participation challenges across environments. Research to date has not fully explored occupational therapy practice with children with developmental coordination disorder and their families. This study aims to describe current occupational therapy practice with children with developmental coordination disorder. Method This study used a cross-sectional, online qualitative vignette survey methodology. International occupational therapists who were working with or had worked with children with developmental coordination disorder within the previous 5 years were invited to participate. Following a case vignette, clinicians were asked questions prompting them to describe their practice based upon the vignette. The data were analysed thematically. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research and Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys reporting guidelines were adhered to. Findings Fifty-three valid responses were analysed. Analysis identified three themes describing occupational therapy practice with children with developmental coordination disorder: (a) a collaborative approach to establish occupation-focused goals; (b) occupation-focused assessment to guide therapy and diagnose developmental coordination disorder; and (c) the use of occupation-based interventions incorporating multiple strategies to enhance occupational engagement. Conclusion This study suggests that current occupational therapy practice with children with developmental coordination disorder is collaborative, occupation-focused, and multi-component. Findings highlight a gap between the complexity of practice and the nature of interventions evaluated in research to date.

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