scholarly journals Patient functional independence and occupational therapist time-use in inpatient services: Patient demographic and clinical correlates

2021 ◽  
pp. 156918612110187
Author(s):  
Bianca E Summers ◽  
Kate E Laver ◽  
Rebecca J Nicks ◽  
Nadine E Andrew ◽  
Christopher J Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Health Care Expenditure ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Multivariable Modelling

Introduction Health care expenditure has rapidly increased in Australia. Effective management of occupational therapy services is required to meet clinical demand. Improving our understanding of factors which influence occupational therapy service delivery is a vital step to manage workload distribution and optimise service efficiency. This study aims to examine the influence of patient sociodemographic characteristics, diagnosis and functional independence on the utilisation of occupational therapy resources in hospital inpatients over 18 years old. Methods Prospective, cross-sectional, observational cohort study of 4549 inpatients from three hospital sites in Melbourne, Australia. Data extracted from organisational databases and included in this study were: patient demographics, diagnosis, functional level assessed using the SMAF (Functional Autonomy Measurement System) and occupational therapy time-use. Data were analysed using univariable and multivariable modelling. Results Occupational therapy time-use was significantly associated with all variables included in analysis ( p < 0.05). For each variable the amount and direction of effect differed between hospital sites. The SMAF was the only variable consistently associated with occupational therapy time-use. Higher occupational therapy time-use was associated with lower functional independence (leading to a 3.5 min increase in median occupational therapy time for every unit decrease in SMAF score). Conclusions Management of resources within busy hospitals require knowledge of factors associated with occupational therapist time-use. This study identified that time-use could in part be predicted by functional independence, diagnosis and sociodemographic characteristics. Occupational therapy managers can use this information to support decision making while acknowledging other patient and therapist level factors also influence time-use.

Applying Clinical Reasoning: A Caseload Management System for Community Occupational Therapists

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 207-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Fortune ◽  
Susan Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Clinical Reasoning ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Therapy Assessment ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Subjective Phenomenon ◽  
Experienced Therapist ◽  
Perceived Complexity ◽  
Complex Cases

This article presents a system of caseload management for community occupational therapists. Using the clinical reasoning work of Mattingly and Fleming as a framework, the perceived complexity of each case for a community occupational therapist was analysed and then paralleled with the type and amount of clinical reasoning required. Following an initial occupational therapy assessment, each case is given a numerical weighting, graded at 3 for complex cases and from 1 for non-complex or simple cases. The degree of complexity or weighting is recognised to be a subjective phenomenon dependent on the experience, knowledge and skills of the therapist. The cases held by an occupational therapist are able to be mixed so that the experienced therapist holds a varied caseload of complex and simple work. Beginning therapists can follow the same measured approach thus augmenting their background experience. This method promotes continuing education, assists experiential learning and provides variety. Using this system, it is proposed that occupational therapy services are enhanced by reducing unnecessary casework from therapists' active caseloads, allowing increased time to work on complex cases and using expertise more efficiently.

scholarly journals Terapia Ocupacional na clínica médica: experiências práticas em estágio supervisionado/ Occupational therapy in the medical clinic: practical experiences in supervised internship

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
Mariana De Pontes Santiago ◽  
Janaína Marcelino Rocha de Abreu ◽  
Raquel Costa Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Medical Clinic ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
De Medicina

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as vivências da Terapia Ocupacional na enfermaria de clínica médica do Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, como práticas de estágio supervisionado, no ano de 2019. A experiência evidencia um perfil de adultos e idosos acometidos por múltiplas patologias, com perdas em seu nível de independência funcional e comprometimento das Atividades Básicas de Vida Diária após a hospitalização. As intervenções foram voltadas principalmente para o resgate da funcionalidade e demonstraram efetividade ao longo dos atendimentos. Portanto, reforça-se a importância do terapeuta ocupacional no hospital, para a recuperação da saúde e autonomia dos indivíduos. Abstract: The objective of this article is to present the Occupational Therapy experiences in the medical clinic ward of the Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, as supervised internship practices, in 2019. The experience shows a profile of adults and elderly people with multiple pathologies, with losses in their level of functional independence and impairment of the Basic Activities of Daily Living after hospitalization. The interventions were mainly aimed at the rescue of functionality and demonstrated effectiveness throughout the care. Therefore, the importance of the occupational therapist in the hospital is reinforced for the recovery of health and autonomy of individuals.Key words: Internship; Functionality; Hospital; Occupational therapy. Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar las experiencias de terapia ocupacional en el pabellón de la clínica médica del Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira, como prácticas supervisadas, en 2019. La experiencia muestra un perfil de adultos y ancianos con patologías múltiples, con pérdidas en su nivel de independencia funcional y deterioro de las Actividades Básicas de la Vida Diaria después de la hospitalización. Las intervenciones se dirigieron principalmente al rescate de la funcionalidad y la efectividad demostrada en toda la atención. Por lo tanto, la importancia del terapeuta ocupacional en el hospital se refuerza para la recuperación de la salud y la autonomía de las personas.Palabras clave: Funcionalidad; Hospital; Prácticas; Terapia ocupacional.

scholarly journals Telehealth for the Provision of Occupational Therapy: Reflections on Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Sue Dahl-Popolizio ◽  
Heidi Carpenter ◽  
Melissa Coronado ◽  
Nicholas J. Popolizio ◽  
Connor Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Service Delivery Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Delivery Model ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Effective Service ◽  
Therapy Service

During the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020, healthcare professionals worldwide abruptly shifted from an in-person to a telehealth service delivery model. Many did so without advanced training or preparation. This cross-sectional study explored how occupational therapy practitioners (OTPs) used telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether they found it to be an effective service delivery model that should be a permanent option for providing occupational therapy services. An online survey was disseminated; it included Likert scale questions, multiple option questions, and open-ended questions regarding telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 230 respondents, 176 (77%) support telehealth as a substitute for in-person services; 179 (78%) support telehealth as a permanent option for occupational therapy service delivery. This information lends support to the uninterrupted use of telehealth by OTPs when government emergency orders in response to COVID-19 expire.

Predicting the Use of Occupational Therapy Services among People with Multiple Sclerosis in Atlantic Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Finlayson ◽  
Julie DalMonte
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Atlantic Canada ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
The Past ◽  
Therapy Services

This secondary analysis examined the factors that predicted the use of occupational therapy services since diagnosis and over the past year among people with multiple sclerosis in Atlantic Canada. Data were gathered through a mail-out survey of members of the Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada (Atlantic Division) in the winter of 1997/98. The Behavioral Model of Health Services Utilization (Andersen & Newman, 1973) was used to guide the analysis. Seeing greater numbers of health professionals, having a hospitalization in the past year, and having more functional limitations all increased the likelihood of seeing an occupational therapist, both since diagnosis and over the past year. These findings suggest that the organization and structure of the service system play a large role in the likelihood that a person with multiple sclerosis will see an occupational therapist in Atlantic Canada.

INTEGRATING SPIRITUALITY AS A DOMAIN OF PRACTICE IN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN INDIA: INDIAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPISTS' PERSPECTIVES.

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Amitabh Kishor Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Private And Public

INTRODUCTION: Spirituality has risen as of considerable recent interest in occupational therapy. Spirituality and occupational therapy is associated with the holistic, person centred approach to care in order to restore a sense of well-being and recognise individual coping strategies. Despite current global economic challenges and healthcare recongurations, there appears to be a professional drive not to return to a reductionist model of care delivery. The purpose of the study is to understand views of Occupational therapist on integrating spirituality in Occupational Therapy practice in India. OBJECTIVE: This qualitative pilot study endeavoured to understand views of Occupational Therapist on integrating spirituality as a domain of practice in Occupational Therapy in India. STUDYDESIGN:The study design of this study is a cross-sectional, qualitative narrative study design. METHOD: The qualitative descriptive study included twenty participants (n=20) who are expert in the eld of Occupational Therapy (Age mean ± SD 44 ± 9.88, in Years) with major inclusion criteria of minimal ten years' experience, were recruited for this study by using non-probability convenient and snow ball sampling method. The study was conducted with Occupational Therapist working in private and public sectors in India. The in-depth semi-structured interviews with senior Occupational Therapists were conducted to explore themes which covered views of Occupational Therapist on Spirituality as a domain of practice in Occupational Therapy in India RESULT: The themes which are generated as result of this study highlight the views of Occupational Therapists on integration of spirituality as domain of practice in occupational therapy in India. CONCLUSION:This study explored the current practices of spirituality as domain in occupational therapy in India.

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy Services in School-Based Practice: A Pediatric Occupational Therapy Perspective from Ireland

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carol O’Donoghue ◽  
Jennifer O’Leary ◽  
Helen Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
Therapy Services

Purpose. School is a primary setting for pediatric occupational therapy practice, yet little is known about the provision of school-based occupational therapy in many countries internationally. The purpose of this study was to explore current school-based occupational therapy practice for the first time in Ireland to gain insight into current and potential service provision and to identify new directions and potential pathways for development. Methods. This descriptive quantitative study utilized a cross-sectional online survey to gain the perspectives of the population of pediatric occupational therapists working regularly in schools across Ireland. Respondents were recruited through convenience and snowball sampling. Data were analysed through qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistics. Results. The survey elicited 35 responses, yielding a 21.2% estimated response rate. Findings demonstrated that respondents provided therapy services in schools most commonly on a weekly (28.6%) or monthly (34.3%) basis, with only 5.0% working in the same school on a weekly or fortnightly basis. The majority of respondents (54.3%) used a direct therapy approach with a child, rather than coaching or modelling, to primarily address sensory, hand function, or daily living needs. None used a whole class or whole school (universal or tiered) approach. While respondents (54.3%) generally viewed collaborative practice as a strength of school-based practice, they also identified barriers to collaboration in schools. A core barrier is related to how services are constructed across health and education, with differing philosophies of service provision. The majority of respondents (75.0%) reported that they had not received any training to deliver evidence-based practice in therapy provision specific to school-based practice. Implications for Practice. This study indicates that therapists require continual education on evidence-based school practice as it applies in an Irish context. Furthermore, clarification of school therapy roles and service delivery models are required in order to determine how they contrast with traditional clinic roles. This will enable therapists to strengthen the coordination of service delivery between health and educational services to maximize the outcomes of school-based practice.

scholarly journals Occupational Therapy Goal Achievement for People with Stroke: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hashem Abu Tariah ◽  
Amal Saud Aljehani ◽  
Dana Yasser Alenazi ◽  
Dona Abdularhman Alturaif ◽  
Malak Nabit Alsarhani
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Retrospective Study Design

Background/Aims. The process of occupational therapy services starts with assessing the occupational performance problems, setting goals, and implementing various intervention strategies to achieve the goals. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of achieving occupational therapy goals for people with stroke and categorize the goals according to the aspects of the domain of occupational therapy. Methods. A cross-sectional retrospective study design was used. People with stroke receiving rehabilitation services at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) were the target of this study. Data about the extent of achieving occupational therapy goals were collected using the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). Results. Of the 100 medical records of people with stroke included in this study, only 30% of the goals were functional. Only 54% of the goals were achieved. No association was found between the number of achieved goals and variables such as age, gender, type of stroke, and stroke hemisphere/side. Conclusion. People with stroke included in this study have not shown significant progress toward achieving their therapy goals. As for clinical practice, this study could guide therapists in the future to improve the process of achieving their patients’ goals.

Predicting Community Discharge for Occupational Therapy Recipients in the Neurological Critical Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt P. Malcolm ◽  
Adam R. Kinney ◽  
James E. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Critical Care Unit ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
Neurological Critical Care

Importance: Occupational therapy in the neurological critical care unit (NCCU) may enable safe community discharge by restoring functional ability. However, the influence of patient characteristics and NCCU occupational therapy on discharge disposition is largely unknown. Objective: To examine how patient factors and receipt of occupational therapy predict discharge disposition for NCCU patients. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional cohort study of electronic health records data from adults admitted to the NCCU between May 2013 and September 30, 2015. Setting: NCCU in a large urban academic hospital. Participants: Adults age 18 yr or older (N = 1,134) admitted to the NCCU. Outcomes and Measures: Using logistic regression with discharge disposition as the dependent variable, we entered sex, age, length of stay (LOS), baseline Glasgow Coma Scale score, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and receipt of occupational therapy services as predictor variables. Results: Of NCCU patients, 39% received occupational therapy. Younger age, shorter LOS, lower comorbidity burden, and not receiving occupational therapy services increased the likelihood of discharge to the community. Men who received occupational therapy were less likely to be discharged to the community than men who did not receive occupational therapy. As age increased, differences in the probability of community discharge decreased between recipients and nonrecipients of occupational therapy services. Conclusions and Relevance: Our results suggest that patients receiving occupational therapy services in the NCCU may have a lower likelihood of community discharge. However, these findings may result from therapist's consideration of the safest discharge location to ensure the greatest balance between independence and support. What This Article Adds: This study's findings suggest that receipt of occupational therapy in the NCCU is associated with higher likelihood for noncommunity discharge (i.e., to inpatient rehabilitation, skilled nursing, or long-term care). However, activity limitations and comorbidity burden may be greater for recipients of occupational therapy, and these NCCU patients are presumably less prepared for community discharge.

scholarly journals SIGNIFICANCE OF COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT IN RELATION TO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY PRACTICE, AN EXPLORATORY STUDY FOR PAKISTAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY GUIDELINES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Aliza Imtiaz
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Occupational Therapist ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Outpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Authentic Evaluation

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cognition is defined as the ability to perceive process and comprehend the information from the surrounding. Impairment in cognitive skills can significantly affect individual’s performance. The objective of the study is to identify the commonly used cognitive assessment tools by occupational therapist and determine its significance in occupational therapy practice. METHODOLOGY A total of 150 participants were enrolled in the cross-sectional survey that was responded by occupational therapist working in pediatric domain specifically in outpatient rehabilitation setting. The self-structured questionnaire was validated by factor analysis through SPSS. RESULTS: The findings of this study revealed that 96% of occupational therapists performed cognitive assessment out of which only 9.6% occupational therapist administer standardized assessments due to incompetency and lack of resources the rest use informal mode of assessments. Mini mental state examination (MMSE) is found to be most common cognitive assessment tool while tools like Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment (LOTCA) is rarely used though it is very significant for Activities of daily living (ADL) cognition CONCLUSION It was concluded that the need of cognitive assessment in pediatric setting is an integral component in occupational therapy process for authentic evaluation and effective intervention plan. The curriculum must promote efficient training of standardize assessment and resources should be provided for better outcome and prognosis.

scholarly journals The combination of psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance and sociodemographic characteristics and their associations with no or negligible stress symptoms among Swedish occupational therapists – a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carita Håkansson ◽  
Annika Lexén
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Exhaustion Disorder

Abstract Background The numbers of people who are on sick leave due to mental health problems, such as exhaustion disorder, are increasing in Sweden. One of the most affected groups is healthcare professionals. In order to develop preventive strategies to promote a sustainable working life for occupational therapists, there is a need to understand the associations between psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance and no or negligible stress symptoms. To the best of our knowledge, neither the combination of these factors nor the salutogenic perspective, have been taken into consideration when exploring factors associated with stress symptoms among occupational therapists in previous research. Methods Purposeful sampling was used. All currently working members of the Swedish Association of Occupational Therapists were invited to take part in the present study in 2018. The final sample was 3658 (48% response rate). A web-survey with questions about signs of exhaustion, psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance and sociodemographic characteristics was used. Logistic regression analyses were used in order to calculate associations between psychosocial working conditions, occupational balance, sociodemographic characteristics and no or negligible signs of exhaustion. Results Experiencing high occupational balance, low workload, high control, high sense of community and high justice, were associated with no or negligible stress symptoms. Furthermore, a satisfying financial situation, having children living at home, being married and long professional experience were significant in this model. Conclusions It seems important to consider not only psychosocial working conditions, but also occupational balance to prevent exhaustion disorder among occupational therapists in Sweden. Organisational programmes, which reduce the workload, strengthen the control and sense of community and facilitate occupational balance, seem to be important areas for health promotion in this group.

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