scholarly journals An Innovative Drug Delivery System Loaded with a Modified Combination of Triple Antibiotics for Use in Endodontic Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ardavan Parhizkar ◽  
Hanieh Nojehdehian ◽  
Fahimeh Tabatabaei ◽  
Saeed Asgary
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Root Canal System

The objective of the current study was to introduce “Polylactic co-Glycolic Acid- (PLGA-) Coated Ceramic Microparticles” as an innovative drug delivery system, loaded with a new combination of triple antibiotics (penicillin G, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin (PMC)) for use in endodontic treatments. Ceramic microparticles were made from β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite and examined by “Scanning Electronic Microscope (SEM).” Then, fixed amounts of the selected antibiotics were added to a prepared PLGA solution and stirred thoroughly. Next, the prepared ceramic microparticles were dispersed completely in the drugs solution. The deposited “PMC-loaded PLGA-coated ceramic microspheres (PPCMs)” were dried and incubated in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) for 21 days. The drug release from PPCMs was quantified by a UV spectrophotometer. The antimicrobial activity of PPCMs was investigated using the “Agar Plate Diffusion Test (ADT),” “Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC),” and “Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)” against Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a). The cell viability test (MTT) was conducted for cytotoxicity against human gingival fibroblasts. SEM micrographs of PPCMs showed spherical-like ceramic microparticles with smooth surfaces. Crystal-like antibiotic particles (chunks) were also found on PPCMs. Initial burst of antibiotics (31 µg/mL, 160 µg/mL, and 18 µg/mL for ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and penicillin G, respectively, in the first 4 days) followed by gradual and sustained release was observed within a period of 21 days. PPCMs demonstrated pH close to normal physiological environment and antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and A.a in the first 2 days. MTT showed cell viability of more than 70% for PPCMs after 24 h and 72 h of exposure. In conclusion, PPCMs demonstrated satisfactory release of antibiotics, antibacterial activity against the selected microorganisms, and biocompatibility. Thus, PPCMs may be used to deliver modified triple antibiotics to the root canal system for use in endodontic applications.

Characterization of hyperbranched core‐multishell nanocarriers as an innovative drug delivery system for the application at the oral mucosa

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jager ◽  
K. Obst ◽  
S. B. Lohan ◽  
J. Viktorov ◽  
S. Staufenbiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Innovative Drug

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Mucoadhesive Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System of Alginate Beads Containing Turmeric Extract - PVP Solid Dispersion

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (22) ◽  
pp. 3868-3873
Author(s):  
Hakim Bangun ◽  
Anayanti Arianto ◽  
Yuni Sari Bangun ◽  
Marline Nainggolan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Solid Dispersion ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Turmeric Extract

BACKGROUND: Turmeric extract is less effective because the main ingredient of curcumin has a low solubility. Therefore, it is necessary to convert turmeric extract into a solid dispersion form to increase the dissolution of curcumin. AIM: To determine the antibacterial activity of mucoadhesive gastroretentive drug delivery system of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract. METHODS: Turmeric powder was macerated with 96% ethanol for 8 days. The macerate was evaporated with a rotary evaporator at 50°C to obtain concentrated extract. Solid dispersion of turmeric extract was prepared by solvent method by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 with a ratio of 1: 1 and 1: 2. The solid dispersion of turmeric extract was encapsulated with alginate gel by gelation method. The antibacterial of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract was tested by using hole agar plate diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as bacterial models. RESULTS: The size of alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion was about 1.3 mm. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gave stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion. The antibacterial activity of alginate beads turmeric extract-PVP (1: 2) solid dispersion was stronger than those containing turmeric-extract (1: 1) solid dispersion. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gives the stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion.

scholarly journals Microsponge Technology for Innovative Drug Delivery System

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Lendave A. S.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Transport ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Cutaneous Reactions

Microsponge drug delivery system (MDDS) technology holds a remarkable promise for achieving the aim of controlled and site-specific drug delivery which reduce systemic exposure and minimize local cutaneous reactions to active drug and as a result, has attracted huge interest of researchers. Microsponges consist of microporus beads, typically 10-25 microns in diameter, loaded with active agent. When carried out to the skin, the microsponge releases its active element on a time mode and also in reaction to different stimuli (rubbing, temperature, pH, and many others) which can be used ordinarily for topical and lately for oral management. This article gives a extensive assessment of Microsponges drug transport system discussing the concepts and practise methods. Appropriate analytical techniques for characterization of microsponges like particle size and its distribution, surface morphology, porosity, density, In Vitro drug release studies as well as applications of microsponge and future prospects are covered. Advantages/Potential functions, limitations and their possible remedies of the microsponge and programmable parameters are also mentioned. The microsponge are used in the sunscreens, creams, ointments, over the counter skin care preparations, which are meant for topical application. microsponge drug delivery can provide increased efficacy for topical active agent with enhanced safety, extended product stability.

scholarly journals A Solid Ultra Fine Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (S-SNEDDS) of Deferasirox for Improved Solubility: Optimization, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaa Alghananim ◽  
Yıldız Özalp ◽  
Burcu Mesut ◽  
Nedime Serakinci ◽  
Yıldız Özsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Cytotoxicity Studies

The research work was designed to develop a solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (S-SNEDDS) of deferasirox (DFX). According to the solubility studies of DFX in different components, Peceol, Kolliphor EL, and Transcutol were selected as excipients. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were constructed, and then SNEDDS formation assessment studies and solubility of DFX in selected SNEDDSs formulations were performed. DFX loaded SNEDDS were prepared and characterized. The optimum DFX-SNEDDS formulations were developed. The relative safety of the optimized SNEDDS formulation was examined in a human immortalized myelogenous leukemia cell line, K562 cells, using the MTT cell viability test. Cytotoxicity studies revealed more cell viability (71.44%) of DFX loaded SNEDDS compared to pure DFX (3.99%) at 40 μM. The selected DFX-SNEDDS formulation was converted into S-SNEDDS by adsorbing into porous carriers, in order to study its dissolution behavior. The in vitro drug release studies indicated that DFX release (Q5%) from S-SNEDDS solidified with Neusilin UFL2 was significantly higher (93.6 ± 0.7% within 5 min) compared with the marketed product (81.65 ± 2.10%). The overall results indicated that the S-SNEDDS formulation of DFX could have the potential to enhance the solubility of DFX, which would in turn have the potential to improve its oral bioavailability as a safe novel delivery system.

Microsponges as Innovative Drug Delivery Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1597-1606
Author(s):  
Dipit Jagannath Ingale ◽  
N H Aloorkar ◽  
A S KulkarnI ◽  
R.A. Patil Patil
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery System ◽  
Innovative Drug ◽  
Pharmaceutical Ingredients ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Highly Porous

Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is not practicable for delivery of materials whose final target is skin itself. Controlled release of drugs onto the epidermis with assurance that the drug remains primarily localized and does not enter the systemic circulation in significant amounts is a challenging area of research. Microsponges are highly porous micro-sized particles with a unique ability for entrapping active pharmaceutical ingredients. To control the delivery rate of active agents to a predetermined site in human body has been one of the biggest challenges faced by scientists. Microsponges are safe biologically and offer unique advantage of programmable release. This technology offers entrapment of ingredients and is believed to contribute towards reduced side effects, improved stability, increased elegance and enhanced formulation flexibility. This technology is being used for topical formulations and also for oral administration. The present review describes microsponge technology including its preparation, characterization, programmable parameters and release mechanism of microsponge drug delivery system.

scholarly journals “Design and Synthesis of Some Cyclic Carbohydrates with Norfloxacin as Surface moiety. A Study of Sustained Relax of Drugs”.

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 577-590
Author(s):  
J. Dhevaraj ◽  
S. Vembu ◽  
S. Pazhamalai ◽  
M. Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Polymeric Structure ◽  
Uv Spectrometry

Biocompatible and biodegradable sustained drug delivery system has been constructed from reaction between norfloxacin and cyclodextrin through secondary amine of piperazine ring and hydroxyl group of the carbohydrate. Covalent bond polymeric structure is designed by the help of chloroacetyl chloride, target dendrimer formed by removing two hydrochloride molecules. The development of cyclodextrin core drug delivery system with twenty one norfloxacin surface moiety has been synthesized by only two steps. The synthesized polymeric structure was thoroughly studied by NMR, FT-IR, MALDI and UV- spectrometry. Sustained release assessment of synthetic polymer studied through different buffer solution by UV spectrometry and norfloxacin releases rate of synthetic polymer was controlled by the concentration and the experimental medium. The microbial assessments through kinetic studies by using Escherichia coli also reveal that the norfloxacin released possesses potential antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial activity of synthesized drug delivery system has been investigated with gram-negative and gram-positive species like Escherichia coli (mtcc 443), bacillus subtilis (mtcc 2063), pseudomonas (mtcc 741), staphylococcus (mtcc 737) and proteus mirabilis (mtcc 425). The hydrophobic and hydrophilic balance and the repeat drug unit of this synthesized system are responsible for effective antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitor concentration values of this system are very small to 100 µg/mL-1, synthesized compound shown five times improved activity against organism on comparism with standard drug. The in-vitro release of norfloxacin from obtained dendrimer was investigated.

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