scholarly journals Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Precast Frame Columns with Vertical Reinforcement Spliced with Grouted Sleeve Lapping Connectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Qiong Yu ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shaohua Bai ◽  
Baoxiu Fan ◽  
Zhenhai Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
Steel Sleeve

Grouted splice connector is widely employed in precast concrete structures, but its utilization is still limited by shortcomings such as high construction cost, inconvenience in assemblage, and uncompacted grout caused by its small sleeve diameter. The grouted sleeve lapping connectors proposed by the authors can not only provide reasonable force transfer and convenient construction processing but also have the characteristics of low price and easy grouting. In this paper, the seismic performance of two full-scale precast concrete columns with two types of grouted sleeve lapping connectors was investigated, where type-I connector connected two lapped rebars and type-II connector connected four lapped rebars by a steel sleeve, respectively. A cast-in-situ column was also tested as a reference. All the specimens were tested under reversed cyclic horizontal load with a constant axial force. The distribution of cracks, failure modes, loading capacities, deformation abilities, stiffness, ductility, hysteresis loops, and energy dissipation of the specimens were studied. The type-I and type-II grouted sleeve lapping connectors satisfactorily transferred the stress of rebars when the columns reached their ultimate loads, and the seismic performance of the precast concrete columns was found to be comparable to that of the cast-in-situ column. Thus, the grouted sleeve lapping connector has a potential to replace the grouted splice connector in cast-in-situ connection.

Experimental investigation of seismic performance of a novel isostatic frame-cladding system

2022 ◽  
pp. 136943322110572
Author(s):  
Xun Chong ◽  
Pu Huo ◽  
Linlin Xie ◽  
Qing Jiang ◽  
Linbing Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Cladding Panels ◽  
Energy Dissipation Capacity

A new connection measure between the precast concrete (PC) cladding panel and PC frame structure is proposed to realize a new kind of isostatic frame-cladding system. Three full-scale PC wall-frame substructures were tested under the quasi-static load. These substructures included a bare wall-frame specimen, a specimen with a cladding panel that has no opening, and a specimen with a cladding panel that has an opening in it. The damage evolution, failure mode, load-bearing capacity, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation capacity of three specimens were compared. The results indicated that the motions of the cladding panels and the main structures were uncoupled through the relative clearance of the bottom connections, and three specimens exhibited approximately identical failure modes and seismic performance. Thus, the reliability of this new isostatic system was validated.

In situ hybridization reveals differential spatial distribution of mRNAs for type I and type II collagen in the chick limb bud

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Devlin ◽  
P.M. Brickell ◽  
E.R. Taylor ◽  
A. Hornbruch ◽  
R.K. Craig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type Ii Collagen ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Rna Probes

During limb development, type I collagen disappears from the region where cartilage develops and synthesis of type II collagen, which is characteristic of cartilage, begins. In situ hybridization using antisense RNA probes was used to investigate the spatial localization of type I and type II collagen mRNAs. The distribution of the mRNA for type II collagen corresponded well with the pattern of type II collagen synthesis, suggesting control at the level of transcription and mRNA accumulation. In contrast, the pattern of mRNA for type I collagen remained more or less uniform and did not correspond with the synthesis of the protein, suggesting control primarily at the level of translation or of RNA processing.

Determination of Preferred Morphology of Self-Accommodating Martensite in Ti-Nb-Al Shape Memory Alloy Using Optical Microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 922 ◽  
pp. 260-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Ii ◽  
Masaki Tahara ◽  
Hideki Hosoda ◽  
Shuichi Miyazaki ◽  
Tomonari Inamura
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forward Transformation

The preferred morphology of self-accommodation (SA) microstructure in a Ti-Nb-Al shape memory alloy was investigated by the evaluation of the frequency distribution of the habit plane variant (HPV) clusters using in-situ optical microscopy. The observed HPV clusters were classified into two different types; one is the cluster connected by the {111}o type I twin (Type I) and the other is connected by the <211>o type II twin (Type II). The total fractions of the Type I and Type II clusters were 52% and 48%, respectively. The incompatibility at junction planes (JPs) of the two clusters was almost the same among these clusters. However, most of the larger martensite plates (> 50μm) formed Type I cluster at the later stage of the reverse martensitic transformation, i.e., at the early stage of the forward transformation upon cooling. The ratio of the fraction of Type I and II is almost 2:1 at the early stage of the forward transformation.

Sequence and expression of a type II keratin, K5, in human epidermal cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 486-493
Author(s):  
R Lersch ◽  
E Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Human Gene ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Human Epidermal Cells ◽  
Rna Blot Analysis

We report here the cDNA and amino acid sequences of a human 58-kilodalton type II keratin, K5, which is coexpressed with a 50-kilodalton type I keratin partner, K14, in stratified squamous epithelia. Using a probe specific for the 3'-noncoding portion of this K5 cDNA, we demonstrated the existence of a single human gene encoding this sequence. Using Northern (RNA) blot analysis and in situ hybridization with cRNA probes for both K5 and K14, we examined the expression of these mRNAs in the epidermis and in cultured epidermal cells. Our results indicate that the mRNAs for K5 and K14 are coordinately expressed and abundant in the basal layer of the epidermis. As cells undergo a commitment to terminally differentiate, the expression of both mRNAs seems to be downregulated.

A New Concordance Coefficients-Based Approach to Compare Improved FMECA Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Zúñiga ◽  
Paulo Branco ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Inference Systems

This work introduces the application of Cohen’s kappa concordance coefficient as part of a comparative approach between different methods used to improve the FMECA analysis. The proposed approach considers the concordance assessment between different methodologies used in FMECA (Risk Isosurface function, VIKOR, ITWH, FWGM, Type-I and Type-II Fuzzy Inference System) when applied to the same problem and regarding an FMECA ranking selected as the reference one. The analyzed problem is a blood transfusion case study consisting of eleven failure modes widely used for benchmarking. Results show that Type-II fuzzy inference systems achieve the highest agreement regarding the reference FMECA ranking; one possible explanation for this result is that Type-II FIS considers uncertainty as an additional parameter. This approach proves effective to compare statistically different FMECA methods instead of the classical qualitative comparison between rankings.

A New Concordance Coefficients-Based Approach to Compare Improved FMECA Methods

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Zúñiga ◽  
Paulo Branco ◽  
João F. P. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Inference Systems

This work introduces the application of Cohen’s kappa concordance coefficient as part of a comparative approach between different methods used to improve the FMECA analysis. The proposed approach considers the concordance assessment between different methodologies used in FMECA (Risk Isosurface function, VIKOR, ITWH, FWGM, Type-I and Type-II Fuzzy Inference System) when applied to the same problem and regarding an FMECA ranking selected as the reference one. The analyzed problem is a blood transfusion case study consisting of eleven failure modes widely used for benchmarking. Results show that Type-II fuzzy inference systems achieve the highest agreement regarding the reference FMECA ranking; one possible explanation for this result is that Type-II FIS considers uncertainty as an additional parameter. This approach proves effective to compare statistically different FMECA methods instead of the classical qualitative comparison between rankings.

scholarly journals Sequence and expression of a type II keratin, K5, in human epidermal cells.

1988 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 486-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Lersch ◽  
E Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Human Gene ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Human Epidermal Cells ◽  
Rna Blot Analysis

We report here the cDNA and amino acid sequences of a human 58-kilodalton type II keratin, K5, which is coexpressed with a 50-kilodalton type I keratin partner, K14, in stratified squamous epithelia. Using a probe specific for the 3'-noncoding portion of this K5 cDNA, we demonstrated the existence of a single human gene encoding this sequence. Using Northern (RNA) blot analysis and in situ hybridization with cRNA probes for both K5 and K14, we examined the expression of these mRNAs in the epidermis and in cultured epidermal cells. Our results indicate that the mRNAs for K5 and K14 are coordinately expressed and abundant in the basal layer of the epidermis. As cells undergo a commitment to terminally differentiate, the expression of both mRNAs seems to be downregulated.

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