scholarly journals Evaluation of Lung Contusion, Associated Injuries, and Outcome in a Major Trauma Center in Shiraz, Southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Parviz Mardani ◽  
Mohammad Moayedi Rad ◽  
Shahram Paydar ◽  
Armin Amirian ◽  
Reza Shahriarirad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Lung Contusion ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ventilator Management ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Head And Neck Injury

Objective. Blunt chest trauma as one of the most common injuries in trauma cases can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical course of traumatic injuries with an initial diagnosis of a pulmonary contusion in patients. Method. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the demographic and clinical features of patients who were referred to a major trauma center in southern Iran. In our study, patients were enrolled with the diagnosis of pulmonary contusion. All included patients were above 16 years of age, with an initial CT scan in favor of pulmonary contusion, while patients not being hospitalized for more than 48 hours were excluded from the study. Results. Among the 434 patients included in our study, 366 (84%) were male and the mean age was 41.17 (SD = 17.89). Among them, the majority (80.4%) had right side lung contusion and 47 patients (10.8%) had right rib fracture. The most common injuries were head and neck injury (56.9%) and limbs (30%). In 25% of cases, pulmonary contusion was associated with pneumothorax and 15.8% with hemothorax. Also, 49.6% of patients were transferred to the ICU. The mortality rate in our study was 15.2% (n = 66). Conclusion. Although recent advances in pulmonary care and ventilator management have been achieved, there is still considerable morbidity and mortality associated with this condition. Therefore, there is a need to provide a national guideline based on native patient information for better management.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Maxillo-Facial Trauma During COVID-19 Lockdown: Reports From the Hub Trauma Center in Milan

2020 ◽  
pp. 194338752098311
Author(s):  
Gabriele Canzi ◽  
Elena De Ponti ◽  
Federica Corradi ◽  
Roberto Bini ◽  
Giorgio Novelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Facial Fractures ◽  
Epidemiological Changes ◽  
Systemic Symptoms

Study Design Retrospective study. Objective: Following SARS-CoV-2 pandemic break-out a lockdown period for the population and a reorganization of the Health System were needed. Hub-function Centers for time-dependent diseases were identified and Niguarda Hospital (Milan) was selected as main Regional Trauma Center. The purpose of our study is to report the experience of Niguarda Maxillofacial Trauma Team during this period, pointing out epidemiological changes in the presentation of trauma in comparison to the previous 3 years. Methods: Two hundred and sixteen patients were admitted to the Emergency Department from 8th March 2020 to 8th May 2020. One hundred and eighty-one had a diagnosis of Major Trauma and 36 had also facial fractures; 35 patients had isolated facial fractures. Data were compared to the activity during the same period in 2017-2019 and statistical analysis was carried out concerning demographic and clinical characteristics, trauma dynamics and positivity to COVID-19. Results: Cumulative curves of patients admitted because of Major Trauma describe a superimposable linear trend in years 2017-2019, while 2020 shows an increase from April 16th. Average age and number of more severe patients were higher than previous years. Epidemiological changes concerned road accidents, accidents involving pedestrians and cyclists, interpersonal violence, suicide attempts and domestic accidents. The incidence of facial fractures was confirmed through years and, according to its measured severity, 75% of patients required management. COVID-19 positivity without systemic symptoms didn’t influence the type of treatment. Conclusion: The COVID-19 lockdown offers a unique opportunity to study the reversal epidemiological effects on trauma.

Incidence of poisoning deaths in Finland in 1971–2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Kivistö ◽  
VM Mattila ◽  
J Parkkari ◽  
P Kannus
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Poisoning Deaths ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Poisonings cause considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, only few countries have published nationwide statistics on poisoning deaths. Based on the Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland, we investigated the incidence and secular trend of poisoning deaths in Finland in 1971–2005. Alcohol poisoning deaths and other poisoning deaths were analyzed separately. During the 35-year study period, other poisoning deaths (non-alcohol) increased from 2.6/100,000 in men and 1.4/100,000 in women in 1971 to 6.8/100,000 and 3.2/100,000 in 2005, respectively. Alcohol poisoning death rates also increased from 9.6/100,000 in men and 0.7/100,000 in women in 1971 to 16.8/100,000 and 4.2/100,000 in 2005, respectively. In the early 1970s, the incidence rates of alcohol deaths were about 10 times higher in men compared with women, whereas in the last few years of observation, men's incidence rate was only about four times higher. Our study showed that alcohol and other poisoning deaths increased in Finland between 1971 and 2005. Men’s risk was markedly higher than women’s risk, but in the later years, women’s risk was increasing. Poisoning death rates among children and adolescents were low throughout the period.

The Management of Penetrating Neck Injury With Retained Knife: 15-Year Experience From a Major Trauma Center in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482110651
Author(s):  
Victor Kong ◽  
Cynthia Cheung ◽  
Jonathan Ko ◽  
William Xu ◽  
John Bruce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Neck Injury ◽  
Neck Exploration ◽  
Anterior Neck ◽  
Penetrating Neck Injury ◽  
Posterior Neck

Background This study reviews our cumulative experience with the management of patients presenting with a retained knife following a penetrating neck injury (PNI). Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a major trauma center in South Africa over a 15-year period from July 2006 to December 2020. All patients who presented with a retained knife in the neck following a stab wound (SW) were included. Results Twenty-two cases were included: 20 males (91%), mean age: 29 years. 77% (17/22) were retained knives and 23% (5/22) were retained blades. Eighteen (82%) were in the anterior neck, and the remaining 4 cases were in the posterior neck. Plain radiography was performed in 95% (21/22) of cases, and computed tomography (CT) was performed in 91% (20/22). Ninety-five percent (21/22) had the knife or blade extracted in the operating room (OR). Formal neck exploration (FNE) was undertaken in 45% (10/22) of cases, and the remaining 55% (12/22) underwent simple extraction (SE) only. Formal neck exploration was more commonly performed for anterior neck retained knives than the posterior neck, although not statistically significant [56% (10/18) vs 0% (0/18), P = .096]. There were no significant differences in the need for intensive care admission, length of hospital stay, morbidities, or mortalities between anterior and posterior neck retained knives. Discussion Uncontrolled extraction of a retained knife in the neck outside of the operating room may be dangerous. Retained knives in the anterior neck commonly required formal neck exploration but not for posterior neck retained knives.

INCIDENCE OF ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH PAIN ABDOMEN

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-15
Author(s):  
Pankaj Prasad Verma ◽  
Manjar Ali ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Vinay Pratap
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Pain Abdomen ◽  
Considerable Morbidity

Tuberculosis is a major health problem worldwide and in India continues to be responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality despite tremendous effort made in diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy. The disease may involve any system of body but abdomen is one of the commonest site of involvement after lungs. This study is carrying to nd out Incidence of Abdominal Tuberculosis in patients of pain abdomen presenting as acute/chronic cases. The present study was carried out in the Department of Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, from April 2018 to September 2019. The total number of cases selected disease remains early detection. A continual awareness on the part of the clinician of the possibility of abdominal Tuberculosis in many patients with obscure abdominal symptoms should avoid errors and aid in the detection of a condition, which if treated early, not only produces remarkable remission and relief on the part of for this study was 1800. According to the presentation, the patients were clinically divided into 2 broad groups: those who were admitted as acute emergencies and those who came with a chronic presentation. From these two groups 100 cases were fall in our inclusion criteria. Of these 100 patients, most were in their third or fourth decades of life, and females were approx two times more commonly affected as their male counterparts, maintaining an approximate ratio of 1.86:1. Thus we had a 5.55 % incidence of abdominal Tuberculosis in this series. The development of cheap and efcient procedures for early diagnosis remains one of the practical problems to battle this disease, because the only way to decrease morbidity and mortality of this the patients but also takes unnecessary burden off the health care services.

Pica as a Cause of Death in Three Mentally Handicapped Men

1988 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. J. McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Mentally Handicapped ◽  
Mental Handicap ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Age Of Death

In Prudhoe Hospital, a large mental-handicap hospital of 1000 residents, it was found that of the 94 deaths that occurred between 1982 and 1986, three were closely associated with the habit of pica. These deaths occurred in severely and profoundly handicapped males, whose average age was 32, compared with an average age of death of 58 for the combined groups of severely and profoundly mentally handicapped patients (22 cases), and an average age of death of 60 for all degrees of handicap (94 cases). It seems likely that the habit of pica constitutes a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in certain institutionalised patients.

Management of Sternal Fractures: 239 Cases

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Potaris ◽  
John Gakidis ◽  
Peter Mihos ◽  
Valsamakis Voutsinas ◽  
Anastasios Deligeorgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Car Accident ◽  
Sternal Fractures

A review of the management of 239 patients with sternal fractures in a busy trauma center between October 1989 and May 2000 was undertaken to determine the incidence, significance, morbidity, and mortality of this injury. There were 140 men and 99 women with a mean age of 50.3 years (range, 15 to 93 years). Sternal fractures accounted for 8% of admissions for thoracic trauma. The causes were motor vehicle collisions in 215 patients (90%) and falls or direct blows in 24 (10%). Only 64 of 204 car accident patients (31%), 28 men and 36 women, were restrained by seat belts. Complications developed in 13 patients (5.4%). Mortality rate was 0.8%. Mean length of stay in the ward was 6.4 days (range, 1 to 32 days). Four patients (1.7%) underwent surgery. The results show that isolated sternal fractures have low associated morbidity and mortality. Admission is justified for the management of pain and treatment of cardiac complications and concomitant injuries.

scholarly journals Surgical site infections after trauma laparotomy. An observational study from a major trauma center in Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270
Author(s):  
Sharfuddin Chowdhury ◽  
Sultan Bahatheq ◽  
Abdullah Alkaraawi ◽  
Muhnad Falatah ◽  
Rakan Almutairi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Trauma Center ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Surgical Site Infections

Evaluation of blood neutrophil to lymphocyte and platelet to lymphocyte ratios according to plasma glucose status and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in patients with acromegaly

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Üçler ◽  
M Aslan ◽  
M Atmaca ◽  
M Alay ◽  
EN Ademoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Glucose Status

Introduction: Cardiovascular, respiratory, and cerebrovascular diseases and malignancies are responsible for morbidity and mortality in acromegaly. Also these diseases are associated with chronic inflammation. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are currently gaining interest as new markers of inflammation. Moreover, increased morbidity and mortality are positively correlated with the presence of diabetes and levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in acromegaly. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between these markers and acromegaly according to plasma glucose status and serum IGF-1 levels. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 61 acromegaly patients who were in a newly diagnosed period (35 male, 26 female; mean age 38.13 ± 13.98). Patients with normal plasma glucose ( n = 27), impaired fasting glucose ( n = 18), and diabetes mellitus ( n = 16) were categorized into three different groups. NLR and PLR were compared between the study groups and were evaluated according to IGF-1 levels. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in NLR and PLR measurements among the study groups ( p > 0.05). However, there were significant positive correlations between NLR and IGF-1 levels and between PLR and IGF-1 levels when all patients were evaluated ( r = 0.334, p = 0.011 and r = 0.277, p = 0.035, respectively). Conclusions: This is the first report studying the relationship of NLR and PLR with glucose status and IGF-1 levels in acromegaly patients. Our study results suggest that subclinical inflammation may play a role in increased incidence of mortality and morbidity, which depends on uncontrolled IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly.

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