scholarly journals Application of Different Modelling Methods to Arbitrate Various Hydrological Attributes Using CMORPH and TRMM Satellite Data in Upper Omo-Gibe Basin of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abera Ermias Koshuma ◽  
Yegelilaw Eyesus Debebe ◽  
Defaru Katise Dasho ◽  
Tarun Kumar Lohani
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Input Parameter ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Satellite Rainfall

Rainfall is a basic input parameter for hydrological modelling that exerts a great influence on the dependability of hydrological simulations. Limited availability of accurate and reliable precipitation data in Abelti watershed of Omo Gibe basin of Ethiopia coerces to use satellite rainfall data to design watershed management practices. The primary objective of this research is to find a better output by comparing and evaluating Climate Prediction Centre Morphing techniques (CMORPH) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Satellite precipitation products (SPPs) and inputs were incorporated to simulate stream flow. Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis, calibration, and validation of the model were conducted using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Calibration and Uncertainty Program 2012 (SWAT-CUP-2012), particularly the Sequential/Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) algorithm for all rainfall inputs independently. The calibration and validation period was taken as 2003–2010 and 2011–2018, respectively. On the basis of the modelling results of SWAT and uncertainty analysis, TRRM relatively performed well than that of CMORPH. The result illustrated that the SWAT model thoroughly predicted the catchment runoff simulation for all SPPs. However, TRMM-based simulations capture the shape of the observed stream flow hydrograph, and there was slight under and overestimation of the stream flow volume simulated SPPs followed by the reduction of model performance statistics. Bias-corrected satellite rainfall-based simulations significantly improved the model performance as well as the volume of stream flow simulated. The detail study exhibited that the in situ-based simulation outperformed satellite products in terms of the objective functions in the study area.

scholarly journals SWAT modeling of hydrology, sediment and nutrients from the Grand River, Ontario

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslam Hanief ◽  
Andrew E. Laursen
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Nutrient Export ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Grand River

Abstract The Grand River watershed (GRW) is an important agricultural area in Southern Ontario. Land use has been modified by various human endeavors, altering hydrology and increasing export of sediment and nutrients. The objective of this study was to predict spatial and temporal patterns of hydrology, and export of sediment and nutrients from the GRW to Lake Erie using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The Sequential Uncertainty FItting (SUFI2) program was used to calibrate and validate stream flow for years 2001–2010. Calibration and validation of the SWAT model for monthly stream flow at York indicated good model performance (R2, NSE, and PBIAS = 0.64, 0.63 and 7.1 for calibration (2001–2005); = 0.82, 0.74 and 0.2, for validation (2006–2010)). The model was applied to predict sediment and nutrient export from the GRW into Lake Erie. Predicted loading at Dunnville (near the mouth) was 2.3 × 105 tonnes y−1 total suspended sediment, 7.9 × 103 tonnes y−1 TN, and 2.3 × 102 tonnes y−1 TP. This SWAT model can now be used to investigate the relative effects of best management practices, and to forecast effects of climate change, on sustainable water management, hydrology, and sediment and nutrient export to Lake Erie.

scholarly journals Application of the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model in the Ronnea catchment of Sweden

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-257
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Water Assessment ◽  
Soil And Water

The subject of this article is the estimation of quantitative (hydrological) and qualitative parameters in the catchment of Ronnea (1800 Km2, located in south western Sweden) through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). SWAT is a river basin model that was developed for the U.S.D.A. Agricultural Research Service, by the Blackland Research Center in Texas. The SWAT model is a widely known tool that has been used in several cases world-wide. It has the ability to predict the impact of land management practices on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yield in large complex watersheds. The present work investigates certain capabilities of the SWAT model which have not identified up to now. More in specific, the main targets of the work carried out are the following: • Identification of the existing hydrological and qualitative conditions • Preparation - Processing of data required to be used as input data of the model • Hydrological calibration - validation of the model, in 7 subbasins of the Catchment of Ronnea • Estimation and evaluation of the simulated qualitative parameters of the model All available data were offered by the relevant Institutes of Sweden, in the framework of the European program EUROHARP. The existing conditions in the catchment of Ronnea, are described in detail including topography, land uses, soil types, pollution sources, agricultural management practices, precipitation, temperature, wind speed, humidity, solar radiation as well as observed discharges and Nitrogen and Phosphorus substances concentrations. Most of the above data were used as input data for the application of SWAT model. Adequate methods were also used to complete missing values in time series and estimate additional parameters (such as soil parameters) required by the model. Hydrological calibration and validation took place for each outlet of the 7 subbasins of Ronnea catchment in an annual, monthly and daily step. The calibration was achieved by estimating parameters related to ground water movement and evaluating convergence between simulated and observed discharges by using mainly the Nash & Sutcliffe coefficient (NTD). Through the sensitivity analysis, main parameters of the hydrological simulation, were detected. According to the outputs of the SWAT model, the water balance of Ronnea catchment was also estimated. Hydrological calibration and validation is generally considered sufficient in an annual and monthly step. Hydrological calibration – validation in daily step, generally does not lead to high values of the NTD indicator. However, when compared to results obtained by the use of SWAT in Greece, a relatively high value of NTD is achieved in one subbasin. Finally, a comparison between the simulated and observed concentrations of total Phosphorus and Nitrogen was carried out.

scholarly journals Hydrological simulation using SWAT model in headwater basin in Southeast Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donizete dos R. Pereira ◽  
Mauro A. Martinez ◽  
André Q. de Almeida ◽  
Fernando F. Pruski ◽  
Demetrius D. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Hydrological Simulation ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Model Soil ◽  
Daily Time

Hydrological models are important tools that have been used in water resource planning and management. Thus, the aim of this work was to calibrate and validate in a daily time scale, the SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to the watershed of the Galo creek , located in Espírito Santo State. To conduct the study we used georeferenced maps of relief, soil type and use, in addition to historical daily time series of basin climate and flow. In modeling were used time series corresponding to the periods Jan 1, 1995 to Dec 31, 2000 and Jan 1, 2001 to Dec 20, 2003 for calibration and validation, respectively. Model performance evaluation was done using the Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient (E NS) and the percentage of bias (P BIAS). SWAT evaluation was also done in the simulation of the following hydrological variables: maximum and minimum annual daily flowsand minimum reference flows, Q90 and Q95, based on mean absolute error. E NS and P BIAS were, respectively, 0.65 and 7.2% and 0.70 and 14.1%, for calibration and validation, indicating a satisfactory performance for the model. SWAT adequately simulated minimum annual daily flow and the reference flows, Q90 and Q95; it was not suitable in the simulation of maximum annual daily flows.

scholarly journals Modelling of discharge, nitrate and phosphate loads from the Reda catchment to the Puck Lagoon using SWAT

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Marcinkowski ◽  
Mikołaj Piniewski ◽  
Ignacy Kardel ◽  
Marek Giełczewski ◽  
Tomasz Okruszko
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Validation Period ◽  
Calibration Period ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Model Soil

AbstractModelling of discharge, nitrate and phosphate loads from the Reda catchment to the Puck Lagoon using SWAT. This study presents an application of the SWAT model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) in an agricultural, coastal catchment situated in northern Poland, draining an area of 482 km2 (the Reda catchment). The main objective of this study was calibration and validation of the model against daily discharge and water quality parameters (bi-monthly total suspended solids [TSS], nitrate nitrogen [N-NO3] and phosphate phosphorus [P-PO4] loads). Calibration and validation were conducted using the SWAT-CUP program and SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting Version 2) algorithm. The Nash- -Sutcliffe efficiency, which was set as an objective function in calibration of all variables, was equal for discharge to 0.75 and 0.61 for calibration and validation periods, respectively. For TSS, N-NO3 and P-PO4 loads NSE was equal to 0.56, 0.62 and 0.53 in calibration period, and 0.22, 0.64 and -1.78 in validation period, respectively. For the calibration period all the results are satisfactory or good, while for the validation period the results for TSS and P-PO4 loads are rather poor, which is related mainly to the lack of homogeneity between calibration and validation periods. These results demonstrate that SWAT is an appropriate tool for quantification of nutrient loads in Polish agricultural catchments, in particular for N-NO3. The model can therefore be applied for water resources management, for quantification of scenarios of climate and land use change, and for estimation of the Best Management Practices efficiency

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SEDIMENT YIELD USING SWAT MODEL: CASE STUDY OF KEBIR WATERSHED, NORTHEAST OF ALGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Kamel Khanchoul ◽  
Amina Amamra ◽  
Bachir Saaidia
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Model Case

Erosion is identified as one of the most significant threats to land in increasing rates of soil loss and reservoir sedimentation. An integrated approach therefore requires sediment assessment for identification of its sources for efficient watershed management. The present study is aimed to examine the spatial and temporal sediment yield distribution potential and to identify the critical erosion prone zones within Kebir watershed, Algeria using Soil and Water Assessment Tool interfaced in GIS for the period from 1982 to 2014. The model is calibrated by adjusting sensitive parameters and validation is done using observed data from 1982 to 1998. The model performance checked by the coefficient of determination (0.76), Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient (0.75) and relative error (+8.19%) suggests that the model has performed satisfactorily for sediment yield prediction. The simulated outputs of the model show that the 33-year period of sediment load production is estimated to be 19.24×106 tons and a mean annual sediment yield of 856.14 T/km²/yr. Temporally, sixty-four percent (50%) of sediment yield generated in the watershed occurs in five months of the winter and fall seasons. The most erosion vulnerable sub-basins that could have a significant impact on the sediment yield of the reservoirs are identified. Based on this, sub-basin 16, 14, 13, 11 and 8 are found to be the most erosion sensitive areas that could have a significant contribution, of 50%, to the increment of sediment yield. Best management practices are highly recommended for the land sustainability because of the high sediment supply to the dams.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SOIL TYPE IN STREAM FLOW AND RUNOFF MODELED FOR THE UPPER DIDESSA CATCHMENT SOUTHWEST ETHIOPIA USING SWAT MODEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adisu Befekadu Kebede
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Hydrological Process ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Water Assessment

This study aimed to model the flow of streams and identify the sub-basins responsible for the high flow in the Didessa watershed, southwest Ethiopia, considering the regional soils types. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used to simulate stream flow and quantify surface runoff. The input data used were Digital Elevation Model (DEM), land use/land cover map, soil map and metrological data. The data were obtained from Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Electricity and National Meteorology Agency of Ethiopia. Simulation of SWAT was used to identify the most vulnerable sub-basins to the hydrological process. The model was calibrated and validated using the stream flow data. The simulated stream flow was calibrated by the SWAT-CUP2012 calibration sub-model of SWAT-CUP SUFI2. Sensitivity analysis showed that curve numbers (CN2), ALPHA-BNK and CH-K2 are the most sensitive top three parameters. The R2 and Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) values were used to examine the model performance. The results indicate 0.84 and 0.80 for R2 and 0.65 and 0.54 for NSE during calibration and validation, respectively. The average annual surface runoff in the delineated catchment was 774.13 mm. Changes in precipitation explained 89% of the variation in surface runoff, as more than 89% of precipitation from the catchment converted to surface runoff. The most three annual surface runoffs contributing were the 11, 23 and 5 sub-basins. INFLUÊNCIA DO TIPO DE SOLO NO FLUXO DE CÓRREGOS PARA A BACIA SUPERIOR DO RIO DIDESSA, SUDOESTE DA ETIÓPIA UTILIZANDO O MODELO SWATResumoEste estudo teve como objetivo modelar o fluxo de córregos e identificar as sub-bacias responsáveis pelo alto fluxo na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Didessa, sudoeste da Etiópia, considerando os tipos de solos regionais. O modelo SWAT (Solo and Water Assessment Tool) foi utilizado para simular o fluxo da corrente e quantificar o escoamento superficial. Os dados de entrada utilizados foram o Modelo Digital de Elevação (DEM), mapa de uso / cobertura do solo, mapa do solo e dados metrológicos. Os dados foram obtidos no Ministério da Água, Irrigação e Eletricidade e Agência Nacional de Meteorologia da Etiópia. A simulação do SWAT foi utilizada para identificar as sub-bacias mais vulneráveis ao processo hidrológico. O modelo foi calibrado e validado usando os dados de fluxo dos córregos. O fluxo de corrente simulado foi calibrado pelo submodelo de calibração SWAT-CUP2012, do SWAT-CUP SUFI2. A análise de sensibilidade mostrou que os números da curva (CN2), ALPHA-BNK e CH-K2 são os três principais parâmetros mais sensíveis. Os valores de R2 e Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) foram usados para examinar o desempenho do modelo. Os resultados indicam 0,84 e 0,80 para R2 e 0,65 e 0,54 para NSE durante a calibração e validação, respectivamente. O escoamento superficial médio anual na bacia hidrográfica foi de 774,13 mm. Mudanças na precipitação explicaram 89% da variação no escoamento superficial, pois mais de 89% da precipitação da bacia foi convertida em escoamento superficial. As sub-bacias 11, 23 e 5 foram as que mais contribuíram para os fluxos superficiais anuais da Bacia do Rio Didessa. Palavras-chave: Tipo de solo. Análise sensitiva. Fluxo de córregos. Swat-Cup. Bacia Superior do Rio.

scholarly journals Calibration and Validation of SWAT Model for Low Lying Watersheds: A Case Study on the Kliene Nete Watershed, Belgium

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan K. Shrestha ◽  
P C Shakti ◽  
Pabitra Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Domain Modeling ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Interesting Task

Use of easily accessible; public domain modeling software called Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and its testing in watersheds has become essential to check developers' claims of its applicability. The SWAT model performance on Kliene Nete Watershed (Belgium) is examined. Given the watershed’s characteristic of a low lying; shallow ground water table, the test becomes an interesting task to perform. This paper presents calibration and validation of the watershed covering area of 581km2 . Flow separation is carried on using Water Engineering Time Series Processing tool (WETSPRO) and shows that around 60% of the total fow is contributed by base fow. Altogether seven SWAT model parameters have been calibrated with heuristic approach for the time frame of 1994-1998. Validation of these calibrated parameters in another independent time frame (1999-2002) is carried out. The parameter CH_k2 (Channel Effective Hydraulic Conductivity) is found to be the most sensitive. Nash Sutcliff Efficiency (NSE) values for the calibration and validation periods are found to be 74 and 67 percent-age, respectively. These ‘goodness-of-ft’ statistics, supported by graphical representations, show that the SWAT model can simulate such watershed with reasonable accuracy.Key words: SWAT; WETSPRO; Kliene Nete Watershed (Belgium); NSEDOI: 10.3126/hn.v6i0.4194Hydro Nepal Journal of Water, Energy and EnvironmentVol. 6, January 2010Page: 47-51Uploaded Date: 24 January, 2011

Application of the SWAT model to the Xiangjiang river watershed in subtropical central China

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2110-2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Luo ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Kelin Wang ◽  
Jinshui Wu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Central China ◽  
Xiangjiang River ◽  
Stream Flows ◽  
River Watershed

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was applied to simulate the water balance in the Xiangjiang river watershed for current and planning scenarios of land uses. The model was first calibrated for the period from 1998 to 2002 and then validated for the period from 2003 to 2007 using the observed stream flow data from four monitoring gages within the watershed. The determination coefficient of linear regression of the observed and simulated monthly stream flows (R2) and their Nash–Sutcliffe Index (NSI) was used to evaluate model performance. All values of R2 and NSI were above 0.8 and ranged from 0.82 to 0.92, which indicates that the SWAT model was capable of simulating the stream flow in the Xiangjiang river watershed. The calibrated and validated SWAT model was then applied to study the hydrological response of three land use change scenarios. Runoff was reduced by increasing the areas of forest and grassland while simultaneously decreasing the areas of agricultural and urban land. In the recent and future land use planning for the Xiangjiang river watershed, the hydrological effect should be considered in regional water management and erosion control.

scholarly journals Coupling SWAT Model and CMB Method for Modeling of High-Permeability Bedrock Basins Receiving Interbasin Groundwater Flow

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Senent-Aparicio ◽  
Francisco J. Alcalá ◽  
Sitian Liu ◽  
Patricia Jimeno-Sáez
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Hydrological Models ◽  
High Permeability ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Calibration And Validation ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
New Formulation

This paper couples the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the chloride mass balance (CMB) method to improve the modeling of streamflow in high-permeability bedrock basins receiving interbasin groundwater flow (IGF). IGF refers to the naturally occurring groundwater flow beneath a topographic divide, which indicates that baseflow simulated by standard hydrological models may be substantially less than its actual magnitude. Identification and quantification of IGF is so difficult that most hydrological models use convenient simplifications to ignore it, leaving us with minimal knowledge of strategies to quantify it. The Castril River basin (CRB) was chosen to show this problematic and to propose the CMB method to assess the magnitude of the IGF contribution to baseflow. In this headwater area, which has null groundwater exploitation, the CMB method shows that yearly IGF hardly varies and represents about 51% of mean yearly baseflow. Based on this external IGF appraisal, simulated streamflow was corrected to obtain a reduction in the percent bias of the SWAT model, from 52.29 to 22.40. Corrected simulated streamflow was used during the SWAT model calibration and validation phases. The Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) coefficient and the logarithmic values of NSE (lnNSE) were used for overall SWAT model performance. For calibration and validation, monthly NSE was 0.77 and 0.80, respectively, whereas daily lnNSE was 0.81 and 0.64, respectively. This methodological framework, which includes initial system conceptualization and a new formulation, provides a reproducible way to deal with similar basins, the baseflow component of which is strongly determined by IGF.

scholarly journals Analysis of Hydrological Characteristics of Blue Nile Basin, Nashe Watershed

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11791
Author(s):  
Megersa Kebede Leta ◽  
Tamene Adugna Demissie ◽  
Muhammad Waseem
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Swat Model ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Budget Analysis

Hydrological modeling is a technique for understanding hydrologic characteristics and estimation of the water balance of watersheds for integrated water resources development and management. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was used for modeling the hydrological behavior of the Nashe watershed in the north-western part of Ethiopia. The spatial data, daily climate, and stream flow were the required input data for the model. The observed monthly stream flow data at the outlet and selected sub-watersheds in the catchment were used to calibrate and validate the model. The model performance was assessed between the simulated and observed streamflow by using sequential uncertainty fitting-2 (SUFI-2), generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation, parameter solution (Parasol) and particle swarm optimization. The sensitivity of 18 parameters was tested, and the most sensitive parameters were identified. The model performance was evaluated using p and r- factor, coefficient of determination, Nash Sutcliffe coefficient efficiency, percent bias during uncertainty analysis, calibration and validation. Therefore, based on the set of proposed evaluation criteria, the SUFI-2 algorithm has been able to provide slightly more reasonable outcomes and Parasol is the worst compared to the other algorithms. An analysis of monthly and seasonal water balance has been also accomplished for the Nashe catchment. The water balance parameters were distinct for the three seasonal periods in the catchment. The seasonal water budget analysis reveals that the watershed receives around 19%, 69%, and 12% of rainfall through the short rain, long rain and dry seasons, respectively. The received precipitation was lost due to evapotranspiration by 29%, 34% and 37% for each season respectively. The surface runoff contributes to the catchment by 5%, 86% and 9% of the water yield.

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