scholarly journals Increased IgE Deposition in Appendicular Tissue Specimens Is Compatible with a Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction in Acute Appendicitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Nuno Carvalho ◽  
André Barros ◽  
Hélder Coelho ◽  
Ana Cóias ◽  
Pedro Botelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Gangrenous Appendicitis ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Background. IgE mediates type I hypersensitivity reaction and can be found in the mucosa of organs affected by allergy. Acute appendicitis (AA) is a common disease, but its etiology remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated IgE deposition in histological sections of AA samples to test the hypothesis that an allergic reaction may substantially contribute to the pathophysiology of AA. Materials and Methods. In a retrospective study, we assessed the presence of IgE in appendicular specimens of histologically confirmed appendicitis and in the control group, comprised of negative appendicitis and incidental appendectomies, using a monoclonal antibody against human IgE. Samples from 134 appendectomies were included: 38 phlegmonous and 27 gangrenous appendicitis from the study group and 52 incidental appendectomies and 17 negative appendicitis from the control group. The slides were visualized by light microscopy, and a standard procedure was used to manually count the positive IgE staining cells. Results. IgE staining was present in the cells of all but 5 appendicular specimens. We found a significantly increased number of IgE-positive cells in phlegmonous AA ( median = 28 ) when compared to incidental appendectomy ( median = 17 ) ( p = 0.005 ; p < 0.0001 when adjusted for age and gender). No difference was found for gangrenous appendicitis. Discussion. The presence of IgE supports the contribution of an allergic reaction for the pathophysiology of phlegmonous appendicitis. The reduced number of IgE staining cells in gangrenous appendicitis can be due to tissue destruction, or, as been claimed by others, gangrenous appendicitis is a distinct entity, with different etiology. Conclusion. In this study, phlegmonous appendicitis had the highest number of IgE-positive appendicular cells. These findings suggest that an allergic reaction can contribute to the pathophysiology of AA, opening a novel possibility for preventive measures in a disease that typically requires surgery.

scholarly journals Profile of Drug Hypersensitivity Patients Hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia: Preliminary Data of 6 Months Observation

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Nur Moya Isyroqiyyah ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Yuani Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Drug Eruptions ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Drug hypersensitivity is defined as an untoward response to medication which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in human either for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for the modification of physiological function. Drug hypersensitivity is common and may cause emergency condition until death. The incidence of drug hypersensitivity-related hospitalizations has usually been assessed within hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the profile of drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 6 months period from January to June 2016. This study was a descriptive retrospective study on medical records of drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 6 months period. The patient’s demographic data, the type of hypersensitivity reaction, and the final outcome of the hospitalization were collected. Within the 6 months period, there were 16 drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Most of them are female (56.25%), and aged between 46-55 years (25%). There were 4 patients (25%) with type I hypersensitivity: urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis; while type IV hypersensitivity occured in 12 patients (75%): Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome-Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis overlap, erythroderma, maculopapular drug eruptions, and DRESS. Most of the patients (87.5%) had favorable outcome after hospitalization. There were 16 patients with drug hypersensitivity reaction hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in 6 months period. Most of them were female and had type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

scholarly journals INTRAOPERATIVE EMBOLISM OR TYPE I HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION TO GELOFUSINE®

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (06) ◽  
pp. 582-584
Author(s):  
Aishwarya Ramkrishnan ◽  
Meenakshi V V ◽  
Karthikeyan .
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

scholarly journals Profile of Drug Hypersensitivity Patients Hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia: Preliminary Data of 6 Months Observation

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Nur Moya Isyroqiyyah ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Yuani Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Drug Eruptions ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Drug Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Drug hypersensitivity is defined as an untoward response to medication which is noxious and unintended, and which occurs at doses normally used in human either for the prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy of disease or for the modification of physiological function. Drug hypersensitivity is common and may cause emergency condition until death. The incidence of drug hypersensitivity-related hospitalizations has usually been assessed within hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the profile of drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 6 months period from January to June 2016. This study was a descriptive retrospective study on medical records of drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital in 6 months period. The patient’s demographic data, the type of hypersensitivity reaction, and the final outcome of the hospitalization were collected. Within the 6 months period, there were 16 drug hypersensitivity patients hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Most of them are female (56.25%), and aged between 46-55 years (25%). There were 4 patients (25%) with type I hypersensitivity: urticaria, angioedema and anaphylaxis; while type IV hypersensitivity occured in 12 patients (75%): Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Stevens-Johnson syndrome-Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis overlap, erythroderma, maculopapular drug eruptions, and DRESS. Most of the patients (87.5%) had favorable outcome after hospitalization. There were 16 patients with drug hypersensitivity reaction hospitalized in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in 6 months period. Most of them were female and had type IV hypersensitivity reactions.

Aligned Expression of IFI16 and STING Genes in RRMS Patients’ Blood

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-886
Author(s):  
Sobhan Helbi ◽  
Behnam Ravanbakhsh ◽  
Mohammad Karimi ◽  
Wesam Kooti ◽  
Nahid Jivad
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Level ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Dna Sensing ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. The most common disease phenotype is Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS). Beta interferons are the first line of RRMS patients’ treatment. Interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) as a DNA sensing molecule and its downstream complex stimulator of interferon genes (STING) play a critical role in the activation of type I interferons. Hence we aimed to evaluate the expression rate of IFI16 and STING in RRMS patients’ blood under a different type of IFNβ treatment. Methods: In the present study, 99 individuals participated. The participants were divided into 4 groups: 28 control subjects, 25 new cases of RRMS patients, 25 RRMS patients treated with IFNβ-1a (B1a), 21 RRMS patients treated with IFNβ-1b (B1b). The EDTA-treated blood samples were taken and transferred at standard conditions to the Cellular and Molecular Research Center of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, RNA was extracted and converted into cDNA. To evaluate the expression of IFI16 and STING, the Real-Time PCR method using SYBR Green/ROX qPCR master mix was performed done. The level of genes expression was measured using 2–ΔΔCt method. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS v22 software. Results: Comparison of the IFI and STING mRNA expression in blood samples in association with gender and age showed no significant differences (p>0.05). Also, the evaluation of IFI16 mRNA level revealed that the IFI16 genes’ expressions were remarkably higher in the new case group compared to the control group, however, STING expression did not show any significant difference. The mRNA levels of IFI16 and STING in IFNβ-treated groups were significantly lower than the new case group (p<0.001). Also, the genes’ expressions in both the IFNβ-treated groups were significantly lower compared to the control group (p<0.001). In the assessment of the correlation of IFI16 and STING expressions with age and sex in different research groups, no statistically significant differences were seen (p>0.05). Conclusion: Perhaps the IFNβ therapy decreases the IFI16 and STING expression in a STINGdependent pathway as a negative feedback mechanism for regulation of the immune system and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines production. The important role of DNA sensing molecules and STING-dependent pathway in MS gives a new insight into future treatment based on STING-direct therapies.

Oral nickel exposure may induce Type I hypersensitivity reaction in nickel-sensitized subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suna Büyüköztürk ◽  
Aslı Gelincik ◽  
Derya Ünal ◽  
Mustafa Demirtürk ◽  
Dolay Damla Çelik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Nickel Exposure ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

scholarly journals THE DIAGNOSIS OF DAUCUS CAROTA AS ALERGOGEN ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM IN WHITE LABORATORY RAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-974
Author(s):  
Mire Spasov ◽  
Icko Gjorgoski
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Allergic Reaction ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Ige Antibodies ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

The allergic reaction or type I hypersensitivity is a hypersensitive disorder to the immune system, which occurs by ingress of non-pathogenic agents from the external environment in the body. Antigens, in this case allergens, are substances from the environment that are harmless to most people. In allergies there is an inherent tendency to inherit the genes that make these people susceptible to allergies. Rapid sensitization may occur as a local reaction, which is just unpleasant (seasonal rhinitis or hay fever), severe exhaustion (asthma), or culminating in a fatal systemic disorder (anaphylaxis). Allergens in the body are inserted by inhalation, ingestion or injection, and move to mucous membranes, where they are accepted by T-lymphocytes. TN2 lymphocytes produce IL-4, which stimulate B-lymphocytes to differentiate into plasma cells. These cells excrete IgE, which recognize allergens. Excreted IgE antibodies sensitize mast cells that originate from the bone marrow. When sensitized individuals again expose themselves to an allergen from the external environment, they bind to specific IgE-antibodies to the mast cells (memory cells), whereby various mediators are excreted, causing inflammatory response, mucus secretion, vasoconstriction of blood vessels, and spasm of the airways. The aim of the study was to investigate the allergenic effect of Daucus carotte on the change in the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, basophils, and immunoglobulins as important components of the immune system. From the pollen of this plant, recombinant allergen is extracted, in the form of injections with a volume of 150μI. In the experiments, as experimental models were used Wistar white rats at the age of 6 to 9 weeks. We injected the allergen into the first, second, third and fourth week in a group of 6 rats in an amount of 5 μl and a second group of 6 rats in an amount of 2.5 μl allergen absorbed in 100 μl AI (OH) 3 (Serva, Heidelburg, Germany, 2 μg / mI) in a total volume of 150μI sterile PbS. The third group of 6 rats was a control group. The results showed that the Dacus carota causes an allergic reaction in Wistar white rats and its intensity depends directly on the volume of the allergen and the individuals that come into contact with it. Once we compared the values of blood parameters, leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, and basophils, as well as the IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgE concentrations, we concluded that the higher concentration of Daucus carota causes a higher elevation in blood parameters and concentrations of immunoglobulins, compared to the smaller concentration of the same allergen. From the studies conducted over a period of one month, it was found that Dacus carota causes an allergic reaction, which is classified in Type I hypersensitivity in white laboratory rats of the Wistar strain.

Type I Hypersensitivity Reaction to Ingestion of Mycoprotein (Quorn) in a Patient With Mold Allergy

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manbir Singh Sandhu ◽  
Russell J. Hopp
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis

2007 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Prior Exposure ◽  
Type I ◽  
Subsequent Exposure ◽  
Mucosal Oedema ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Anaphylaxis 110 Anaphylactic reactions (type I hypersensitivity reaction) are the consequence of the cascade caused by an IgE-mediated response to a specific antigen. Prior exposure to the antigen sensitizes the individual, so that subsequent exposure results in prostaglandin, leukotriene, and platelet activating factor generation and thereby histamine release. This results in vasodilatation, bronchial mucosal oedema, and bronchoconstriction....

Desensitization to Inhaled Aztreonam Lysine in an Allergic Patient with Cystic Fibrosis Using a Novel Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1436-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lokesh Guglani ◽  
Ibrahim Abdulhamid ◽  
Joanna Ditouras ◽  
Jenny Montejo
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Allergic Patient ◽  
Type I ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Inhaled Antibiotics ◽  
Inhaled Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity

Objective To report the successful desensitization of a highly allergic patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) to inhaled aztreonam lysine using the novel approach of intravenous desensitization followed by full-dose inhaled therapy without any adverse reactions. Case Summary A 19-year-old woman with CF had persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa–positive cultures and a history of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions to multiple medications, including aztreonam and tobramycin (intravenous and inhaled). To start therapy with an inhaled antipseudomonal antibiotic on a chronic basis, she underwent rapid desensitization to intravenous aztreonam followed by initiation of inhaled aztreonam lysine. Following intravenous desensitization with aztreonam, there was no adverse reaction or decline in lung function noted with inhaled aztreonam lysine and the chronic therapy was continued at home, with a modified regimen to maintain desensitization. Discussion Aztreonam lysine has been used for treatment of patients with CF with chronic P. aeruginosa colonization. Previous allergic reaction to intravenous aztreonam is considered a contraindication for use of aztreonam lysine. Our patient had a history of hives and facial swelling following administration of intravenous aztreonam (type I hypersensitivity reaction) as well as hypersensitivity to tobramycin. Rapid desensitization can be done for drugs that mediate a type I hypersensitivity reaction, with mast cells and basophils being the cellular targets. There are a few case reports of desensitization to inhaled antibiotics such as tobramycin and colistin, but desensitization to aztreonam lysine has not previously been reported. Conclusions Desensitization of a patient with CF who is allergic to intravenous aztreonam was successfully accomplished with the novel approach of rapid intravenous desensitization followed by inhaled therapy. As inhaled antibiotics are being increasingly used for patients with CF, this novel strategy can be used for desensitizing allergic patients with CF to ensure that they can continue to receive these medications safely.

Systemic Reactions to Immunotherapy: The American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy Morbidity and Mortality Survey

1994 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Cook ◽  
James L. Bryant ◽  
William E. Davis ◽  
Theodore T. Benke ◽  
Arnold S. Rapoport
Keyword(s):  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Systemic Reaction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Systemic Reactions ◽  
Type I Hypersensitivity ◽  
Mortality Survey

Anaphylaxis may be defined as a systemic, Immunoglobulin E-mediated (Gell-Coombs type I) hypersensitivity reaction triggered by exposure to an antigen in a previously sensitized patient. Anaphylaxis may occur in a varlety of circumstances: however, when it occurs as the result of Immunotherapy, it is of great concern to the practicing allergist. When describing or reporting anaphylaxis relating to Immunotherapy, most allergists speak in terms of the types of reactions, local vs. systemic. Germane to this discussion is the use of the term systemic reaction, which can mean anything from mild allergy symptoms resulting from an allergy injection to bradycardia and hypotension (shock). In this article we report serious or significant systemic reactions, which are characterized by any of the following symptoms: urticaria, sneezing or nasal obstruction, throat tightness or congestion, wheezing, and shock (bradycardta or hypotension). There were no fatalities reported from the survey group. The overall reaction rate was 0.3%.

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