scholarly journals Nanomaterial by Sol-Gel Method: Synthesis and Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Dmitry Bokov ◽  
Abduladheem Turki Jalil ◽  
Supat Chupradit ◽  
Wanich Suksatan ◽  
Mohammad Javed Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Electronic Energy ◽  
Alcoholic Solution ◽  
Metal Alkoxide ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

The sol-gel process is a more chemical method (wet chemical method) for the synthesis of various nanostructures, especially metal oxide nanoparticles. In this method, the molecular precursor (usually metal alkoxide) is dissolved in water or alcohol and converted to gel by heating and stirring by hydrolysis/alcoholysis. Since the gel obtained from the hydrolysis/alcoholysis process is wet or damp, it should be dried using appropriate methods depending on the desired properties and application of the gel. For example, if it is an alcoholic solution, the drying process is done by burning alcohol. After the drying stage, the produced gels are powdered and then calcined. The sol-gel method is a cost-effective method and due to the low reaction temperature there is good control over the chemical composition of the products. The sol-gel method can be used in the process of making ceramics as a molding material and can be used as an intermediate between thin films of metal oxides in various applications. The materials obtained from the sol-gel method are used in various optical, electronic, energy, surface engineering, biosensors, and pharmaceutical and separation technologies (such as chromatography). The sol-gel method is a conventional and industrial method for the synthesis of nanoparticles with different chemical composition. The basis of the sol-gel method is the production of a homogeneous sol from the precursors and its conversion into a gel. The solvent in the gel is then removed from the gel structure and the remaining gel is dried. The properties of the dried gel depend significantly on the drying method. In other words, the “removing solvent method” is selected according to the application in which the gel will be used. Dried gels in various ways are used in industries such as surface coating, building insulation, and the production of special clothing. It is worth mentioning that, by grinding the gel by special mills, it is possible to achieve nanoparticles.

Synthesis and properties of TiO2, NiO and ZnO nanoparticles and their possible biomedical application

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (98) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
K. Szmajnta ◽  
M. Szindler
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Scattering Method ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Purpose: The main purpose of this publication is to bring closer method of synthesis and examining basic properties of TiO2, ZnO and NiO nanoparticles (NPs), and investigate their possible biomedical application. Design/methodology/approach: Nanopowders were made with sol-gel method. Surface morphology studies of the obtained materials were made using Zeiss's Supra 35 scanning electron microscope and the structure using S/TEM TITAN 80-300 transmission electron microscope. In order to confirm the chemical composition of observed nanopowders, qualitative tests were performed by means of spectroscopy of scattered X -ray energy using the Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) method was used to analyse the particle size distribution using the AntonPaar Litesizer 500 nanoparticle size analyser. Changes in particle size distribution at elevated temperatures were also observed. The TiO2, ZnO and NiO NPs with spherical shape were successfully produced by sol-gel method. Findings: The diameter of the as prepared nanoparticles does not exceed 25 nm which is confirmed by the TEM analysis. The highest proportion among the agglomerates of the nanoparticles has been shown to show those with a diameter of 80 to 125 nm. The qualitative analysis of EDS confirmed the chemical composition of the material. Practical implications: Nanoparticles (NPs) has been receiving an incrementally increasing interest within biomedical fields researchers. Nanoparticles properties (physical, chemical, mechanical, optical, electrical, magnetic, etc.) are different from the properties of their counterparts with a larger particle size. Originality/value: The nanoparticles were prepared using sol-gel method which allows the particle size to be controlled in a simple way.

Microstructure and crystallization behaviour of TiO2 precursor prepared by the sol-gel method using metal alkoxide

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1617-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Terabe ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
H. Miyazaki ◽  
S. Yamaguchi ◽  
A. Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crystallization Behaviour ◽  
Metal Alkoxide ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Synthesis of NiO Based Bimetallic Mixed Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Bayal ◽  
P. Jeevanandam
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Mixed Metal Oxide ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Mixed Metal ◽  
Sol Gel Method

Nickel oxide based bimetallic mixed metal oxide nanoparticles are of considerable interest and they have been used as catalysts for NOx decomposition and as reactive adsorbents for ultra deep desulfurization. In the present study, nanoparticles of NiO-ZnO, NiO-CuO and NiO-MgO were synthesized by sol-gel method. The mixed metal oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Pure NiO nanoparticles show a band gap of 4.24 eV and the band gap shows a blue shift or red shift in the case of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles.

Synthesis of SnO2 by Sol-Gel Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Nuțescu Duduman ◽  
María Isabel Barrena Pérez ◽  
José Maria Gómez de Salazar ◽  
Ioan Carcea ◽  
Daniela Lucia Chicet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Nanostructured SnO2 was prepared based on the sol-gel method used in the preparation of crystalline metal oxides. Sol-gel process can be described as a forming network of oxide polycondensation reaction of a molecular precursor in a liquid. Six experiments were carried out. Morphological structures and chemical composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after calcination. It is noted that TEM images show that the spheres consist from nanocrystals, quantitative EDS analysis of the chemical composition shows an absence of the chlorine, which is a desired fact. For structural characterization of the material we used X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The X-ray diffraction pattern for all samples indicates peaks which are agreeable with standard diffraction pattern of SnO2. The particle size of all samples was in the range of 28-92 nm calculated according to Scherrer equation.

Comparison of Sonochemistry Method and Sol-Gel Method for the Fabrication of TiO2 Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Jinhyuk Choi ◽  
Sung Hun Cho ◽  
Tae Ho Kim ◽  
Soo Wohn Lee
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Chemical Method ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
20 Nm

Sol-gel with sonochemical process and sol-gel method were used for the fabrication of photocatalytic TiO2 powder and the properties of the TiO2 powder thus prepared were examined and compared. For the synthesis of TiO2 powder, the starting material was Ti-butoxide and H2O and the reaction was carried out at 80 °C in a sol-gel method. On the other hand, Ti-butoxide was reacted with H2O in an ultrasonic frequency of 23 kHz with ultrasonic powers of 800 W for two hours. After evaporation, 24 hours aging time was kept at 400 °C in both cases, the final product appeared was the anatase phase. Ultrasonic chemical method was found to be excellent for flocculation and crushing effects where as in sol-gel method, the product obtained was of high purity and high homogeneity. Sol-gel with sonochemical process has found to be excellent for flocculation and crushing effects. From Sol-gel method, the size of TiO2 particles produced were found to be about 20 nm, spherical, homogeneous while severe agglomeration. In contrast, by sonochemistry method, the size of TiO2 particles produced were about 10 ~ 22 nm size and it has shown more photocatalytic activity than sol-gel sample which is about 28.7 % greater efficiency

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