Synthesis of SnO2 by Sol-Gel Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 254 ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalina Nuțescu Duduman ◽  
María Isabel Barrena Pérez ◽  
José Maria Gómez de Salazar ◽  
Ioan Carcea ◽  
Daniela Lucia Chicet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Nanostructured SnO2 was prepared based on the sol-gel method used in the preparation of crystalline metal oxides. Sol-gel process can be described as a forming network of oxide polycondensation reaction of a molecular precursor in a liquid. Six experiments were carried out. Morphological structures and chemical composition were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after calcination. It is noted that TEM images show that the spheres consist from nanocrystals, quantitative EDS analysis of the chemical composition shows an absence of the chlorine, which is a desired fact. For structural characterization of the material we used X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The X-ray diffraction pattern for all samples indicates peaks which are agreeable with standard diffraction pattern of SnO2. The particle size of all samples was in the range of 28-92 nm calculated according to Scherrer equation.

scholarly journals Effect of Preheating Temperature on Synthesis of Pure BiFeO3 via Sol–Gel Method

Nanopages ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
G. M. Taha ◽  
M. N. Rashed ◽  
M. S. El-Sadek ◽  
M. A. Moghazy
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pure Bifeo3 ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Preheating Temperature

Abstract BiFeO3 (BFO) nanopowder was synthesized in a pure form via a sol- gel method based on glycol gel reaction. Effect of drying and preheating temperature on preventing other phases was studied. Many parameters were studied as calcination temperature and time & stirring temperature as well. The prepared powder was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction of powder (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). High pure BiFeO3 was obtained by preheated process at 400 °C for 0.5 h and calcination at 600 °C for 0.5 h without any impurities compared to dry at110 °C.

scholarly journals Magnetic PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance in the removal of toxic pollutants

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behnaz Lahijani ◽  
Kambiz Hedayati ◽  
Mojtaba Goodarzi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Photocatalytic Effect ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ultraviolet Light Irradiation

Abstract In this work, the PbFe12O19 nanoparticles were prepared by the simple and optimized precipitation method with different organic surfactants and capping agents. In the next step, the TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method. At the final step, the PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared via the sol-gel method. The effect of the precipitating agent on the morphology and particle size of the products was investigated. The prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained by the vibrating sample magnetometer show the magnetic properties of the ferrite nanostructures. The photocatalytic effect of the PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposite on the elimination of the azo dyes (acid black, acid violet and acid blue) under ultraviolet light irradiation was evaluated. The results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have acceptable magnetic and photocatalytic performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Varying Alx Moles on the Structure and Luminescence Properties of ZnAlxO1.5x + 1:0.1% Tb3+ Nano Phosphor Prepared using Citrate sol-gel Method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Maphiri ◽  
L Melato ◽  
Mhlongo ◽  
TT Hlatshwayo ◽  
TE Motaung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Phosphor ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Un-doped and ZnAlxO(1.5x + 1):0.1% Tb3+ (ZAOT) nano-powders were synthesized via citrate sol-gel method. The Alx moles were varied in the range of 0.25 ≤ x ≤ 5.0. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) data revealed that for the x < 1.5, the prepared samples crystal structure consists of mixed phases of the cubic ZnAl2O4 and hexagonal ZnO phases, while for the x ≥ 1.5 the structure consists of single phase of cubic ZnAl2O4. This was confirmed by the Raman and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) vibrational spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that varying Alx moles influences the morphology while Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) shows the dual morphology at x < 1.5. The photoluminescence (PL) revealed intense and distinct emissions attributed to both the host and Tb3+ transitions. The emission intensity highly depends on the Alx moles. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) colour chromaticity showed that the emission colour could be tuned by varying the Alx moles.

Effects of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 sol concentration on the microstructure and dielectric properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 films prepared by sol-gel method on Ti substrate

2012 ◽  
Vol 1494 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Dan Jiang ◽  
Songwei Han ◽  
Xuelian Zhao ◽  
Jinrong Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Bst Films ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTBa0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST) thin films were deposited on La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (LSCO) buffered Ti substrates. Both BST and LSCO were prepared by sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were used to investigate the effect of LSCO sol concentration on the crystallinity and surface morphology of the films. The results show that with the increase of LSCO sol concentration, BST films show variation of the structure and dielectric properties. BST films for LSCO of 0.2 mol/L exhibit a better crystallinity and improved dielectric properties, with the tunability, dielectric constant and tanδ of 30%, 420 and 0.028 respectively.

Nanosize Effects on Magnetic Properties and Peak Shifting of X-Ray Diffraction Pattern of BaFe12O19 Produced by Sol Gel Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwita Suastiyanti ◽  
Bambang Soegijono ◽  
M. Hikam
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method

The formation of barium hexaferrite, BaFe12O19 single phase with nanosize crystalline is very important to get the best performance especially magnetic properties. The samples were prepared by sol gel method in citric acid-metal nitrates system. Hence the mole ratios of Ba2+/Fe3+ were varied at 1:12 and 1:11.5 with pH of 7 in all cases using ammonia solution. The solution was then heated at 80-90°C for 3 to 4 hours. Then it was kept on a pre-heated oven at 150°C. The samples were then heat treated at 450°C for 24 hours. Sintering process was done at 850°C and 1000°C for 10 hours.Crystallite size was calculated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) peaks using scherrer formula. To confirm the formation of a single phase, XRD analyses were done by comparing the sample patterns with standard pattern. The peak shifting of pattern could be seen from XRD pattern using rocking curves at extreme certain 2θ. It was used MPS Magnet Physik EP3 Permagraph L to know magnetic characteristics. This method can produce BaFe12O19 nanosize powder, 22-34 nm for crystallite size and 55.59-78.58 nm for particle size. A little diference in nanosize affects the peak shifting of XRD pattern significantly but shows a little difference in magnetic properties especially for samples at 850°C and 1000°C with mole ratio of 1:12 respectively. The well crystalline powder is formed at mole ratio of 1:11.5 at 850°C since it has the finest particle (55.59 nm) and crystalline (21 nm), the highest remanent magnetization (0.161 T) and the lowest intrinsic coersive (275.8 kA/m). It is also fitting exactly to the standard diffraction pattern with the highest value of best Figure of Merit (FoM), 90%. XRD peak position of this sample is almost same with XRD peak position of another sample with sinter temperature 1000°C at same mole ratio.

Preparation of Alumina Powders through Pyrocatechol, Resorcinol Mediated Sol-Gel Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 742-747
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
Ping Yun Li ◽  
Xiao De Guo ◽  
Ting Yan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Xrd Study ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Organic Monomer

Ultrafine alumina powders were synthesized through pyrocatechol and resorcinol mediated sol-gel process. Aluminum nitrate was applied as the Al source and PVP was the dispersant. X-ray diffraction (XRD) study displayed that γ-Al2O3 powders formed in the range of 800-900 °C, and then γ-Al2O3 transformed to α-Al2O3 at higher temperatures, pure α-Al2O3 powders could be obtained at 1000 °C by using resorcinol as organic monomer. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that Al2O3 nanoparticles with γ crystalline phase had grain sizes in the range of 5-40 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation displayed that the morphology of the prepared α-Al2O3 powders had aggregated bodies formed by Al2O3 grains in the range of 0.2-0.5μm. These results provide a new way of preparation of alumina powders.

scholarly journals Nanocomposites Produced by Growth of Hydroxyapatite onto Silica Particles Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 096369359600500 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rodríguez ◽  
J. Coreño ◽  
J.A. Arenas ◽  
V.M. Castaño
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Silica Sols ◽  
Scanning Electron

The growth of hydroxyapatite, a calcium phosphate, on silica particles prepared by the sol-gel method is reported. The size of the silica sols was controlled by changing the pH of water before the mixing with the alcoxide. Particle size profiles of sols were obtained by using dynamical light scattering. The characterisation of the composites, of nanometer sizes, was performed by employing X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

Research on the Sol-Gel Method of Preparing Ternary Nano SiO2-Al2O3-TiO2 Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Ying Chen ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Zhi Wu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aluminium Isopropoxide ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Molecular Precursor ◽  
Transmission Electron

Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), butyl titanate [Ti (OBu)4] and aluminium isopropoxide were used as molecular precursor of ternary nanoSiO2-Al2O3-TiO2 materials. The influences of temperature and the dosage of compounds on the characteristic of ternary nanomaterials were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed to investigate the characteristics of the nanomaterials synthesized by the sol-gel method. In addition, the adsorption of nanomaterials for different kinds of surfactants was also studied. Results revealed that the influences of temperature, compounds dosages and water on the size of ternary nanomaterials had a significant impact. With the increase of ammonia dosage, the concentration of the OH- ion became higer, and system showed a faster reaction rate. The higer temperature of the system was, the larger size of the ternary nanomaterials was. Moreover, the higer tempreature woule also lead to divide into layer and precipitate. Optimal parameters can be chosen to prepare monodispersed ternary nanoSiO2-Al2O3-TiO2 materials. Results also showed that the surface characteristic of ternary nanoSiO2-Al2O3-TiO2 particles differed from nanosilica, which manifested in forms of the adsorption dosage of surfactants.

scholarly journals The effects of varying the Eu3+ concentration on the structural and optical properties of Mg1.5Al2O4.5:x% Eu3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) nanophosphors prepared by sol–gel method

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 184798041880064 ◽  
Author(s):  
VM Maphiri ◽  
BF Dejene ◽  
TE Motaung ◽  
TT Hlatshwayo ◽  
OM Ndwandwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
The Eu

Mg1.5Al2O4.5: x% Eu3+ (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) nanopowders were successfully synthesized via sol–gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum revealed that the Mg1.5Al2O4.5: x% Eu3+ matches the single phase of face-centred cubic MgAl2O4. The estimated average crystallite sizes calculated using the XRD spectra were found to be in the order of 4 nm. The estimated crystal size was confirmed by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the presence of all expected elementary composition (Mg, Al, O and Eu). The field emission gun scanning electron microscope showed that varying the Eu3+ concentration influence the morphology of the prepared nanophosphor. The photoluminescence results showed that the host emits the violet colour at around 382 nm, which was attributed to the defects within the band gap ( Eg) of host material. The Eu3+-doped samples showed the emission at around 560, 580, 593, 618, 655 and 704 nm which are, respectively, attributed to the 5D1 → 7F3, 5D0 → 7F0, 5D0 → 7F1, 5D0 → 7F2, 5D0 → 7F3 and 5D0 → 7F4 characteristic transitions in Eu3+. The International Commission on Illumination colour chromaticity showed that the Eu3+ doping influences the emission colour.

Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel-Based Monolithic Aerogel via Sol-Gel Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 368-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Tie Bi ◽  
Hong Bo Ren ◽  
Bo Wei Chen ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sol Gel Method

The synthesis and characterization of nickel-based aerogel prepared using nickel chloride as the precursor via sol-gel method is described. The addition of the polyacrylic acid as an template to the solution of NiCl2•6H2O can guide the gelation in the reaction to build a three dimensional open structure. The aerogel has been characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), highresolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), nitrogen adsorption desorption analysis and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicate that the nickel-based aerogel has a typical three dimensional structure made up of spherical particles with an open porous network and has high surface area about 192 m2/g, average pore diameter about 40nm. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that the aerogel prepared at room temperature belongs to amorphous material. The synthesis of nickel-based aerogel, using polyacrylic acid as an template, is especially unique in our experiment.

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