scholarly journals ECLB: Edge-Computing-Based Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Mobile Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Qingqing Xie ◽  
Fan Dong ◽  
Xia Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Consensus Protocol ◽  
Open Problems ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Natural Solution ◽  
And Performance

The blockchain technology achieves security by sacrificing prohibitive storage and computation resources. However, in mobile systems, the mobile devices usually offer weak computation and storage resources. It prohibits the wide application of the blockchain technology. Edge computing appears with strong resources and inherent decentralization, which can provide a natural solution to overcoming the resource-insufficiency problem. However, applying edge computing directly can only relieve some storage and computation pressure. There are some other open problems, such as improving confirmation latency, throughput, and regulation. To this end, we propose an edge-computing-based lightweight blockchain framework (ECLB) for mobile systems. This paper introduces a novel set of ledger structures and designs a transaction consensus protocol to achieve superior performance. Moreover, considering the permissioned blockchain setting, we specifically utilize some cryptographic methods to design a pluggable transaction regulation module. Finally, our security analysis and performance evaluation show that ECLB can retain the security of Bitcoin-like blockchain and better performance of ledger storage cost in mobile devices, block mining computation cost, throughput, transaction confirmation latency, and transaction regulation cost.

scholarly journals A Novel Blockchain Framework for Industrial IoT Edge Computing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Xu ◽  
Zhi Zeng ◽  
Shengjie Yang ◽  
Hongyan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Consensus Algorithm ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Industrial Iot ◽  
And Performance

With the rapid development of industrial internet of thing (IIoT), the distributed topology of IIoT and resource constraints of edge computing conduct new challenges to traditional data storage, transmission, and security protection. A distributed trust and allocated ledger of blockchain technology are suitable for the distributed IIoT, which also becomes an effective method for edge computing applications. This paper proposes a resource constrained Layered Lightweight Blockchain Framework (LLBF) and implementation mechanism. The framework consists of a resource constrained layer (RCL) and a resource extended layer (REL) blockchain used in IIoT. We redesign the block structure and size to suit to IIoT edge computing devices. A lightweight consensus algorithm and a dynamic trust right algorithm is developed to improve the throughput of blockchain and reduce the number of transactions validated in new blocks respectively. Through a high throughput management to guarantee the transaction load balance of blockchain. Finally, we conducted kinds of blockchain simulation and performance experiments, the outcome indicated that the method have a good performance in IIoT edge application.

scholarly journals Rogue Device Mitigation in the Internet of Things: A Blockchain-Based Access Control Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Uzair Javaid ◽  
Furqan Jameel ◽  
Umair Javaid ◽  
Muhammad Toaha Raza Khan ◽  
Riku Jäntti
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Access Control ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Iot Devices

Recent technological developments in wireless and sensor networks have led to a paradigm shift in interacting with everyday objects, which nurtured the concept of Internet of Things (IoT). However, low-powered nature of IoT devices generally becomes a hindrance that makes them vulnerable to a wide array of attacks. Among these, the emergence of rogue devices is quickly becoming a major security concern. Rogue devices are malicious in nature which typically execute different kinds of cyberattacks by exploiting the weaknesses of access control schemes in IoT environments. Therefore, access control is one of the crucial aspects of an IoT ecosystem that defines an entry point for a device or a user in the network. This paper investigates this issue and presents an access control scheme by integrating an IoT network with blockchain technology, thereby arguing to replace the traditional centralized IoT-server architecture with a decentralized one. The blockchain is used with smart contracts to establish a secure platform for device registration. Due to this reason, the IoT devices are first required to register themselves and access the network via contracts thereafter. Moreover, the contracts host a device registry, the access control list, to grant or deny access to devices. This allows the proposed scheme to authorize registered devices only and block unregistered ones, which facilitates the mitigation of rogue devices. To demonstrate the feasibility and improvements of the proposed scheme, security analysis along with in-depth performance evaluation are conducted, where the obtained results indicate its applicability. A case study is also formulated with a comparative analysis that confirms the superior performance of the proposed scheme for low-powered IoT systems.

scholarly journals A Decentralized Threshold Signature Scheme of Blockchain-Based Medical Cyber Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianfei Zhou ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
Fulong Chen ◽  
Yuqing Tang ◽  
Canlin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Medical Information ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Data Systems ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Threshold Signature ◽  
Secure Storage ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Physical Data ◽  
And Performance

Abstract With the rapid development of medical information, the medical cyber system is rapidly transforming, and medical information sharing faces new challenges. Blockchain technology is a revolutionary technology. It has the characteristics of tamper-proof and privacy-preserving, and has natural protection for big data systems, that can be used in medical systems. In this paper,we proposed to store medical cyber physical data in a mixed blockchain with private blockchain and consortium blockchain in order to realize the secure storage of medical cyber physical data by the tamper-resistant and sharing of blockchain technology. In the system, a threshold signature system based on blockhain is also proposed. Aiming at the situation that medical accidents are easy to occur in multidisciplinary joint consultation in the medical process, this paper proposes to use threshold signature for joint consultation. Using the security and threshold of threshold signature, treatment can be carried out when the threshold number is reached, and medical data can be uploaded to the consortium blockchain. The security analysis and performance analysis show that the scheme has advantages in safety and performance and is suitable for the medical environment to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Mobility-Included DNN Partition Offloading from Mobile Devices to Edge Clouds

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Xianzhong Tian ◽  
Juan Zhu ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Yanjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Wireless Network ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Mobile User ◽  
Computation Offloading ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Total Latency ◽  
And Performance

The latest results in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have greatly improved the accuracy and performance of a variety of intelligent applications. However, running such computation-intensive DNN-based applications on resource-constrained mobile devices definitely leads to long latency and huge energy consumption. The traditional way is performing DNNs in the central cloud, but it requires significant amounts of data to be transferred to the cloud over the wireless network and also results in long latency. To solve this problem, offloading partial DNN computation to edge clouds has been proposed, to realize the collaborative execution between mobile devices and edge clouds. In addition, the mobility of mobile devices is easily to cause the computation offloading failure. In this paper, we develop a mobility-included DNN partition offloading algorithm (MDPO) to adapt to user’s mobility. The objective of MDPO is minimizing the total latency of completing a DNN job when the mobile user is moving. The MDPO algorithm is suitable for both DNNs with chain topology and graphic topology. We evaluate the performance of our proposed MDPO compared to local-only execution and edge-only execution, experiments show that MDPO significantly reduces the total latency and improves the performance of DNN, and MDPO can adjust well to different network conditions.

Scaling Membership of Byzantine Consensus

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Burcu Canakci ◽  
Robbert Van Renesse
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Low Latency ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Consensus Protocol ◽  
Normal Case ◽  
Network Topologies ◽  
And Performance

Scaling Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) systems in terms of membership is important for secure applications with large participation such as blockchains. While traditional protocols have low latency, they cannot handle many processors. Conversely, blockchains often have hundreds to thousands of processors to increase robustness, but they typically have high latency or energy costs. We describe various sources of unscalability in BFT consensus protocols. To improve performance, many BFT protocols optimize the “normal case,” where there are no failures. This can be done in a modular fashion by wrapping existing BFT protocols with a building block that we call alliance . In normal case executions, alliance can scalably determine if the initial conditions of a BFT consensus protocol predetermine the outcome, obviating running the consensus protocol. We give examples of existing protocols that solve alliance. We show that a solution based on hypercubes and MAC s has desirable scalability and performance in normal case executions, with only a modest overhead otherwise. We provide important optimizations. Finally, we evaluate our solution using the ns3 simulator and show that it scales up to thousands of processors and compare with prior work in various network topologies.

scholarly journals Adjacency-Hash-Table Based Public Auditing for Data Integrity in Mobile Cloud Computing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Wenqi Chen ◽  
Hui Tian ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang ◽  
Fulin Nan ◽  
Jing Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Hash Table ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Auditing ◽  
The Arts ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Data Updating

Cloud storage, one of the core services of cloud computing, provides an effective way to solve the problems of storage and management caused by high-speed data growth. Thus, a growing number of organizations and individuals tend to store their data in the cloud. However, due to the separation of data ownership and management, it is difficult for users to check the integrity of data in the traditional way. Therefore, many researchers focus on developing several protocols, which can remotely check the integrity of data in the cloud. In this paper, we propose a novel public auditing protocol based on the adjacency-hash table, where dynamic auditing and data updating are more efficient than those of the state of the arts. Moreover, with such an authentication structure, computation and communication costs can be reduced effectively. The security analysis and performance evaluation based on comprehensive experiments demonstrate that our protocol can achieve all the desired properties and outperform the state-of-the-art ones in computing overheads for updating and verification.

scholarly journals Towards Secure Network Computing Services for Lightweight Clients Using Blockchain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Guojun Wang ◽  
Jidian Yang ◽  
Ju Ren ◽  
Yaoxue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Service Provisioning ◽  
Network Computing ◽  
Security Risks ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Secure Network ◽  
Iot Devices

The emerging network computing technologies have significantly extended the abilities of the resource-constrained IoT devices through the network-based service sharing techniques. However, such a flexible and scalable service provisioning paradigm brings increased security risks to terminals due to the untrustworthy exogenous service codes loading from the open network. Many existing security approaches are unsuitable for IoT environments due to the high difficulty of maintenance or the dependencies upon extra resources like specific hardware. Fortunately, the rise of blockchain technology has facilitated the development of service sharing methods and, at the same time, it appears a viable solution to numerous security problems. In this paper, we propose a novel blockchain-based secure service provisioning mechanism for protecting lightweight clients from insecure services in network computing scenarios. We introduce the blockchain to maintain all the validity states of the off-chain services and edge service providers for the IoT terminals to help them get rid of untrusted or discarded services through provider identification and service verification. In addition, we take advantage of smart contracts which can be triggered by the lightweight clients to help them check the validities of service providers and service codes according to the on-chain transactions, thereby reducing the direct overhead on the IoT devices. Moreover, the adoptions of the consortium blockchain and the proof of authority consensus mechanism also help to achieve a high throughput. The theoretical security analysis and evaluation results show that our approach helps the lightweight clients get rid of untrusted edge service providers and insecure services effectively with acceptable latency and affordable costs.

Secretly Pruned Convolutional Codes: Security Analysis and Performance Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Kolokotronis ◽  
Alexandros Katsiotis ◽  
Nicholas Kalouptsidis
Keyword(s):  
Security Analysis ◽  
Convolutional Codes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Performance Results
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