scholarly journals Silicone and Pyrocarbon Artificial Finger Joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
F. A. Alnaimat ◽  
H. A. Owida ◽  
A. Al Sharah ◽  
M. Alhaj ◽  
Mohammad Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Dorsal Approach ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Pyrocarbon Implant ◽  
Distal Stem

Artificial finger joint design has been developed through different stages through the past. PIP (proximal interphalangeal) and MCP (metacarpophalangeal) artificial finger joints have come to replace the amputation and arthrodesis options; although, these artificial joints are still facing challenges related to reactive tissues, reduced range of motion, and flexion and extension deficits. Swanson silicone artificial finger joints are still common due to the physician’s preferability of silicone with the dorsal approach during operation. Nevertheless, other artificial finger joints such as the pyrocarbon implant arthroplasty have also drawn the interests of practitioners. Artificial finger joint has been classified under three major categories which are constrained, unconstrained, and linked design. There are also challenges such as concerns of infections and articular cartilage necrosis associated with attempted retention of vascularity. In addition, one of the main challenges facing the silicone artificial finger joints is the fracture occurring at the distal stem with the hinge. The aim of this paper is to review the different artificial finger joints in one paper as there are few old review papers about them. Further studies need to be done to develop the design and materials of the pyrocarbon and silicone implants to increase the range of motion associated with them and the fatigue life of the silicone implants.

Lateral Digital Photography with Computeraided Goniometry versus Standard Goniometry for Recording Finger Joint Angles

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. GEORGEU ◽  
S. MAYFIELD ◽  
A. M. LOGAN
Keyword(s):  
Digital Photography ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Digital Photographs ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Flexion And Extension

This study compares the accuracy of computer-aided goniometry with standard goniometry. 109 finger joint angles at the extremes of flexion and extension were measured by a senior hand therapist using standard goniometry. Lateral digital photographs were then taken of the hands and the same angles were read from these by computer. There was good correlation ( r2=0.975) between the results. Computer goniometry averaged 1°(95%Cl=0°–+2°) more than the standard goniometry. We feel that computer goniometry of finger joints is accurate and compares well with standard goniometry.

Application Study on Finger Joint Motion in Rehabilitation Training

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 879-883
Author(s):  
Jing Jing Yu
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Continuous Passive Motion ◽  
Joint Motion ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Rehabilitation Training ◽  
Angle Data ◽  
Finger Flexion ◽  
And Control ◽  
Flexion And Extension

In various forms of movement of finger rehabilitation training, Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) of single degree of freedom (1 DOF) has outstanding application value. Taking classic flexion and extension movement for instance, this study collected the joint angle data of finger flexion and extension motion by experiments and confirmed that the joint motion of finger are not independent of each other but there is certain rule. This paper studies the finger joint movement rule from qualitative and quantitative aspects, and the conclusion can guide the design of the mechanism and control method of finger rehabilitation training robot.

Patient Self-Assessed Passive Range of Motion of the Knee Cannot Replace Health Professional Measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (08) ◽  
pp. 829-834
Author(s):  
Frank Madsen ◽  
Anders Odgaard ◽  
Jens Borgbjerg
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Flexion Contracture ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Knee Motion ◽  
Bland Altman Method ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Patient Self Assessment

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients can accurately self-assess their knee passive range of motion (PROM). A picture-based questionnaire for patient self-assessment of knee PROM was developed and posted to patients. The self-assessed PROM from 58 patients was compared with surgeon-assessed PROM using a short-arm goniometer. Agreement between the measurement methods was calculated with the Bland-Altman method. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of patient-assessed PROM in dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in both flexion (≤ 100 degrees) and extension (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture). Surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM showed a mean difference (95% limits of agreement) of −2.1 degrees (−42.5 to 38.3 degrees) for flexion and −8.1 degrees (−28.8 to 12.7 degrees) for extension. The sensitivity of patient self-assessed PROM in identifying knee flexion and extension impairments was 86 and 100%, respectively, whereas its specificity was 84 and 43%, respectively. Although wide limits of agreement were observed between surgeon- and patient-assessed knee PROM, the picture-based questionnaire for patient assessment of knee ROM was found to be a valid tool for dichotomously detecting knee motion impairment in flexion (≤ 100 degrees). However, the specificity of the questionnaire for detection of knee extension impairments (≥ 10-degree flexion contracture) was low, which limits is practical utility for this purpose.

scholarly journals Contributions of Flexible-Arch Configurations in Shimenzi Arch Dam: New Evidence from Field Measurements

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jianwen Zhong ◽  
Enzhi Wang ◽  
Yuande Zhou ◽  
Qingbin Li ◽  
Penghui Li
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Arch Dam ◽  
Artificial Joints ◽  
The Past ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Force Transfer ◽  
New Type ◽  
Contraction Joint ◽  
Arch Structure ◽  
New Evidence

This paper presents a retrospective investigation into the performance of a new type of flexible-arch configurations in Shimenzi arch dam based on the past ten-year-long field measurements. The flexible-arch configurations are mainly comprised of artificial short joints at the middle downstream surface and a middle contraction joint with hinged well and enlarged arch ends with bending joints. Fundamental design considerations of these components are provided, and their contributions to the performance of Shimenzi arch dam are discussed in detail using the monitoring data from joint meters, strain gauges, and thermometers. Some elementary numerical studies have been conducted on a typical arch structure with different arrangements of artificial joints. Both the field data and numerical results prove well the effectiveness of the purposely built short joints and the middle contraction joint on the relaxation of tensile stress mobilization. Field survey data also clearly demonstrate the significance of the hinged well at the upstream side of the middle joint for a continuous arch force transfer.

Modified retrograde tendon flap technique for reconstructing the extensor tendon defect in zone Ⅱ of a finger

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Jingyu Zhang ◽  
Linjie Feng ◽  
Guoyong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Extensor Tendon ◽  
Passive Motion ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
Flap Technique ◽  
Tendon Defect ◽  
Nail Deformity ◽  
Active Flexion ◽  
Extensor Lag

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of the modified retrograde tendon flap technique for reconstructing the extensor tendon defect in zone Ⅱ of a finger.Methods: 12 patients with the extensor tendon defect in zone Ⅱ were investigated retrospectively. They were all treated surgically by the modified retrograde tendon flap technique, featuring the creation of a new terminal slip to bridge the extensor tendon defect using extensor tendon inner lateral bands. At the final follow-up, the range of motion at each joint of the injured finger was recorded.Results: Average follow-up was 18 months (ranging from 11 to 26 mos). Eight patients achieved full active DIPJ extension, whereas one patient had an extensor lag of 10° and three had a lag of 5°. All patients achieved normal active flexion ranges and full passive motion ranges of DIPJ compared with their uninjured side. All the involved finger joints were clinically stable, with no tenderness, pain, nail deformity, or limitation using their hands for daily life.Conclusions: The modified retrograde tendon flap technique, which is easy to operate and popularize, may be the procedure of choice in patients with a gap deficiency in Zone Ⅱ of the extensor tendon of a finger.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of finger joints using autologous rib perichondrium – an observational study at a single Centre with a median follow-up of 37 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muder ◽  
Ola Nilsson ◽  
Torbjörn Vedung
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
Joint Reconstruction ◽  
Additional Surgery ◽  
Contralateral Hand ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Gratifying long-term results are difficult to achieve when reconstructing osteoarthritic finger joints. Implant surgery is the most commonly used method to restore function and dexterity. However, all types of implant have disadvantages and may be a less favorable option in some cases, especially in young patients with a long expected lifetime and high demands on manual load. Implant related complications as loosening, instability, subsidence and stiffness are the main concerns. In this context, joint reconstruction using rib perichondrium might be a reasonable alternative in selected cases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term results of finger joint reconstruction using rib perichondrial transplantation. Methods The study group (n = 11) consisted of eight individuals reconstructed in the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints and three reconstructed in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints during 1974–1981. All patients were evaluated at clinical visits (median: 37 years after perichondrial transplantation, range: 34–41 years) using radiographs, disability in arm-shoulder-hand (DASH) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS), range-of-motion (ROM) and manual strength (JAMAR). Results None of the 11 patients had undergone additional surgery. All of the PIP-joints (n = 8) were almost pain-free at activity (VAS 0,6) (range 0–4), had an average range-of-motion of 41 degrees (range 5–80) and a mean DASH-score of 8,3 (range 1–51). The mean strength was 41 kg compared to 44 kg in the contralateral hand (93%). The three MCP joints were almost pain-free at activity (VAS 0,7), (range 0–1). The ROM was on average 80 degrees (range 70–90) and the mean DASH-score was 2 (range 1–3). The mean strength was 43 kg compared to 53 kg in the contralateral hand (81%). Conclusions Perichondrium transplants restored injured PIP and MCP joints that remained essentially pain-free and mostly well-functioning without need for additional surgeries up to 41 years after the procedure. Additional studies are needed to evaluate long-term results in comparison to modern implants and to better describe the factors that determine the outcome of these procedures. Level of evidence Level IV, Therapeutic Study.

scholarly journals Increased yield of finger jointed structural timber by accounting for grain orientation utilizing the tracheid effect

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1077
Author(s):  
Anders Olsson ◽  
Andreas Briggert ◽  
Jan Oscarsson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Fibre Orientation ◽  
Structural Timber ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
European Standard ◽  
Clear Wood ◽  
Finger Joints ◽  
Tracheid Effect

Abstract Finger joints in structural timber and glulam lamellae are often used to enable production of long members or to allow for re-connection of parts of a member after removal of weak sections. According to the European Standard EN 15497, certain margins are required between knots and a finger joint in structural timber, which means that a considerable amount of clear wood becomes waste when finger joints are applied. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the possibility of reducing the quantity of waste using different criteria for placement of finger joints. The investigation was based on (1) application of methods of colour scanning and tracheid effect scanning to detect knots and grain disturbance on board surfaces, and (2) interpretation of the requirements of EN 15497 regarding where finger joints may be placed. The standard’s requirement when producing finger joints is that the minimum distance between a knot and a finger joint is three times the knot diameter. The standard allows for the minimum distance between a knot and a finger joint to be shortened to 1.5 times the diameter when the local fibre orientation is measured. Utilizing this in simulated production resulted in reduction of waste from 7.4 to 4.0%, when using finger joints simply to produce timber of long lengths. If finger joints are also used to re-connect parts of members after removal of weak sections, even larger savings can be made. Furthermore, it is concluded that knowledge of fibre orientation obtained from scanning could be used not only to decrease the waste in production but also to increase the quality of finger joints.

The Thin Cross Finger Skin Flap

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. GOKREM ◽  
D. TUNCALI ◽  
A. TERZIOGLU ◽  
K. TOKSOY ◽  
G. ASLAN
Keyword(s):  
Skin Flap ◽  
Extensor Tendon ◽  
Finger Joint ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Graft Take ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Finger Skin ◽  
Flexion And Extension

The cross-finger flap has been used successfully for decades. Traditionally, the flap is elevated in the plane lying superficial to the extensor tendon. This damages the delicate subcutaneous tissues, which are important for the lengthening capacity of the skin of the dorsum of the fingers during flexion and extension. In this report, we present a modification of elevation of the cross-finger flap in a plane superficial to the dorsal veins of the fingers. This modification prevents donor finger complications such as poor graft take, extensor tendon adhesion to the graft and reduced range of finger joint movement and contour deformities. We have used this technique in six digits in four patients with successful results.

scholarly journals SPINAL RANGE OF MOTION AND BACK PAIN IN FEMALE ARTISTIC GYMNASTS DURING BACK WALKOVERS AND BACK HANDSPRINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967120S0022
Author(s):  
Emily A Sweeney ◽  
Morgan N Potter ◽  
Richard E Pimentel ◽  
James J Carollo ◽  
David R Howell
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Balance Beam ◽  
Spinal Motion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
History Of

Background: Back pain is a common complaint among gymnasts. Gymnastics skills require large amounts of spine flexion, extension, rotation and compression. The combination of these movements in a repetitive fashion during gymnastics may contribute to the development of back pain. Gymnasts perform unique skills on various equipment and surfaces, which makes their movements difficult to evaluate using traditional movement analysis approaches. Hypothesis/Purpose: Our purpose was to measure gymnasts’ movement patterns in their native environment using wearable sensors. Specifically, we examined spine range of motion (ROM) during back walkovers (BWO) and back handsprings (BHS) on the floor and balance beam. We hypothesized that female youth gymnasts with a recent history of back pain would have larger spine ROM compared to gymnasts without back pain when performing these skills. Methods: Female artistic gymnasts ages 8 to 18 years in the Junior Olympic USA Gymnastics program participated in the study. We grouped gymnasts into two groups: those having back pain within the past 12 months and those with no reported back pain in the past 12 months. Gymnasts performed 3 repetitions of BWO and BHS on floor and balance beam while wearing APDM Opal V2 wearable sensors. A BWO requires a controlled bridge kickover while a BHS requires the athlete to jump backwards to her hands (Figure 1). Spine kinematics were then processed via Moveo Explorer. Valid spine sagittal plane maximums, minimums, and ROM of each skill repetition were compared between groups via Kruskal Wallis analysis of variance. Results: Seventeen participants (6 with back pain) completed BWOs and BHSs with acceptable sensor data. There were no demographic differences between the two groups for age, height, weight, competition level, or years of experience (p≥0.129, Table 1). During BWO skills, gymnasts with back pain had greater peak extension and greater ROM in the sagittal plane of the spine (p≤0.032, Figure 2). There were no differences between groups in peak extension, peak flexion, or ROM during BHS skills (p≥0.054, Figure 2). Conclusion: Gymnasts with a history of back pain had increased spinal motion when performing BWO skills. To perform a BWO, gymnasts must have higher levels of shoulder, spine, and hip flexibility, which may relate to back pain. This study suggests the need for future studies to evaluate if increased spinal motion during gymnastics is a contributing factor to the development of back pain. [Figure: see text][Table: see text][Figure: see text]

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