scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Tyre Manufacturing System in the SMEs Using RAMD Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
K. Velmurugan ◽  
P. Venkumar ◽  
R. Sudhakarapandian
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Critical Subsystems ◽  
Critical Subsystem

In the recent trends, production plants in the automobile industries all over the world are facing a lot of challenges to achieve better productivity and customer satisfaction due to increasing the passenger’s necessity and demand for transportation. In this direction, the belt, tyre, and tube manufacturing plants act as vital roles in the day-to-day life of the automobile industries. Tyre production plant comprises five major units, namely, raw material selection, preparation, tyre components, finishing, and inspection. The main purpose of this research is to implement the new method to predict the most critical subsystems in the tyre manufacturing system of the rubber industry. As mathematically, any one maintenance parameter among reliability, availability, maintainability, and dependability (RAMD) parameters is evaluated to identify the critical subsystems and their effect on the effectiveness of the tyre production system. In this research, the effect of variation in maintenance indices, RAMD, is measured to identify the critical subsystem of the tyre production system based on the mathematical modeling Markov birth-death approach (MBDA), and the equations of the subsystems are derived by using the Chapman–Kolmogorov method. Besides, it also calculates the performance of certain maintenance parameters concerning time such as mean time between failures (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), and dependability ratio for each subsystem of the tyre production system. Finally, RAMD analysis of the tyre production systems has been executed for predicting the most critical subsystem by changing the rates of failure and repair of individual subsystems with the utilization of MATLAB software. RAMD analysis reveals that the subsystem bias cutting is most critical with the minimum availability of 0.8387, dependability 5.19, dependability ratio 0.8701, and maximum MTTR 38.46 hours of the subsystem. In this implementation of the proposed method, a real-time case study of the industrial repairable system of tyre manufacturing system has been taken for evaluating RAMD indices of the production plant of rubber industry cited in the southern region of Tamil Nadu, India.

How can Archaeological Scientist Integrate the Typological and Stylistic Characteristics with Scientific Results: A Case Study on Bronze Spearheads Unearthed from the Shuangyuan Village, Chengdu City, Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Wang ◽  
Yingdong Yang ◽  
Tianyou Wang ◽  
Dian Chen ◽  
Wugan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Eastern Zhou Dynasty ◽  
Eastern Zhou

Background: Bronze spears are weapons with unique regional characteristics of the Shu culture, Southwest China in the Bronze Age, which reflect the bronze manufacturing tradition and the utilization of mineral resources of ancestors. Previous studies mainly focused on the classification, the alloy composition or the production of bronze spearheads of the Shu culture. The purpose of this paper was to make a comprehensive discussion on the Shu culture from the aspects of the relationship between typology and scientific characteristics, the differences in metal raw material selection with the Ba culture, and the contact with the culture in the Central Plains. Results : Methods: In this study, typology, portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (pXRF) and multi collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) were used to analyze thirteen bronze spearheads unearthed from Shuangyuan site, an Eastern Zhou cemetery in Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Southwest China. Methods: The results show that the spearheads can be classified into three types in typology. All samples are tin-lead ternary bronzes, and the lead isotope data indicate the lead ore. Most spearheads show ordinary lead and only one spearhead has highly radiogenic lead. Conclusion: The typical Shu-style bronze spearheads have distinct shapes but similar ore materials. Meanwhile, people of the Ba culture and the Shu culture used different metal sources to make bronze spearheads. In addition, a very special bronze spearhead suggests that ancestors of the Shu culture in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty imitated the late Shang culture in the Central Plains.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Alkali Activated Material Based on Red Clay and Silica Gel Precursor

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 931-943
Author(s):  
Girts Bumanis ◽  
Danute Vaiciukyniene
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Alkali Activation ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Significant Strength ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Alkali Activated

Abstract The search for alternative alumosilicates source for production of alkali activated materials (AAM) is intensively researched. Wide spread of natural materials such as clays and waste materials are one of potential alternatives. In this research AAM was made from local waste brick made of red clay and calcined low-carbonate illite clay precursor and its properties evaluated. Waste silica gel containing amorphous silica from fertilizer production plant was proposed as additional raw material. 6 M and 7 M NaOH alkali activation solutions were used to obtain AAM. Raw materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, laser particle size analyser, DTA/TG. Raw illite clay was calcined at a temperature of 700 to 800 °C. Waste brick was ground similar as raw clay and powder was obtained. Replacement of red clay with silica gel from 2–50 wt.% in mixture composition was evaluated. Results indicate that the most effective activator was 6 M NaOH solution and AAM with strength up to 13 MPa was obtained. Ground brick had the highest strength results and compressive strength of AAM reached 25 MPa. Silica gel in small quantities had little effect of AAM strength while significant strength reduction was observed with the increase silica gel content. The efflorescence was observed for samples with silica gel.

scholarly journals Sepiolite: A domestic mineral raw material for small and medium enterprises and environmental protection

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Miroslava Dojcinovic ◽  
Dana Simic ◽  
Miljenko Martic
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Active Filler ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Transformer Oils ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The paper presents the phases in the research of sepiolite - hydrated in fibrous magnesium silicate, and in the development of different products based on sepiolite, at the Institute of General and Physical Chemistry (IGPC). Also, a review on sepiolite world deposits, general properties and practical uses is given in the paper. An the IGPC sepiolite from the mine Golesh was investigated, concerning its uses in paints, as a pigment and rheological aditive; in the rubber industry, as an active filler; in sepiolite, papers, for purifying, waste gases in industry and homes and as a powder combined with sepiolite paper, to purify old transformer oils. It was concluded that a number of technologies based on sepiolite could be developed in small or medium industrial enterprises, which are of the strategic interest for Serbia, especially since domestic sepiolite deposites can be further developed and that some of these technologies are important in environment all protection.

scholarly journals Construction of Intelligent Integrated Model Framework for the Workshop Manufacturing System Via Digital Twin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongyu Zhang ◽  
Zhenjie Zhu ◽  
Jinsheng Zhang ◽  
Jingkun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Production System ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
The Real ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Twin Model ◽  
Information Layer

Abstract With the drastic development of the globally advanced manufacturing industry, transition of the original production pattern from traditional industries to advanced intelligence is completed with the least delay possible, which are still facing new challenges. Because the timeliness, stability and reliability of them is significantly restricted due to lack of the real-time communication. Therefore, an intelligent workshop manufacturing system model framework based on digital twin is proposed in this paper, driving the deep inform integration among the physical entity, data collection, and information decision-making. The conceptual and obscure of the traditional digital twin is refined, optimized, and upgraded on the basis of the four-dimension collaborative model thinking. A refined nine-layer intelligent digital twin model framework is established. Firstly, the physical evaluation is refined into entity layer, auxiliary layer and interface layer, scientifically managing the physical resources as well as the operation and maintenance of the instrument, and coordinating the overall system. Secondly, dividing the data evaluation into the data layer and the processing layer can greatly improve the flexible response-ability and ensure the synchronization of the real-time data. Finally, the system evaluation is subdivided into information layer, algorithm layer, scheduling layer, and functional layer, developing flexible manufacturing plan more reasonably, shortening production cycle, and reducing logistics cost. Simultaneously, combining SLP and artificial bee colony are applied to investigate the production system optimization of the textile workshop. The results indicate that the production efficiency of the optimized production system is increased by 34.46%.

Raw material selection and evidence for rhinoceros tooth tools at Dadong Cave, southern China

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (284) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miller-Antonio ◽  
L. A. Schepartz ◽  
D. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Raw Material Selection ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Research in Dadong Cave, southern China, has revealed evidence suggesting that nonlithic materials were used in the tool kits of the Chinese Lower Palaeolithic.

Improving the Supply Chain (SC) Stream with Green Product Design (GPD) Strategy

2016 ◽  
pp. 36-60
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Villanueva ◽  
Emilio Jimenez-Macias ◽  
Julio Blanco-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Product Design ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Green Product ◽  
Material Transportation ◽  
Green Product Design ◽  
The Way

The current Supply Chain (SC) is under change. The traditional way to generate a product contained the following stages: product design, raw material selection, material transportation, manufacturability, distribution and disposition at end of life. Product design for instance, is considered an extremely important stage of a product, being that, it directs the way the product can potentially be managed along the SC. It defines the raw material to be used, the possible supplier to select, the industrial processes involved in its fabrication, the packaging for its transportation and the newest stage where the product reaches its end of life and needs to be disposed. The Product design then becomes Green Product Design (GPD), where energy, time, resources become critical for a company. GPD takes into account the whole product life cycle. This chapter presents the importance of having a GPD process into the SC, the way to incorporate it, and the benefits of implementing it into the SC.

scholarly journals Design, Cost Estimation and Sensitivity Analysis for a Production Process of Activated Carbon from Waste Nutshells by Physical Activation

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 945
Author(s):  
Marcelo León ◽  
Javier Silva ◽  
Samuel Carrasco ◽  
Nelson Barrientos
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Tax Rate

A conceptual design of an industrial production plant for activated carbon was developed to process 31.25 tons/day of industrial waste nutshells as the raw material and produce 6.6 ton/day of activated carbon using steam as an activation agent. The design considered the cost of the main equipment, the purchase price of the nutshells, basic services, and operation. A sensitivity analysis was developed, considering the price of the finished product and the volume of raw material processing varied up to ±25%. Furthermore, the total annual cost of the product was determined based on the production of 2100 tons/year of activated carbon. Two cash flows were developed and projected to periods of 10 years and 15 years of production, using a tax rate of 27%, a low discount rate (LDR) of 10% per year, and without external financing. For a 10-year production project, the net present value (NPV) was USD 2,785,624, the internal return rate (IRR) 21%, the return on investment (ROI) 25%, and the discounted payback period (DPP) after the fifth year. Considering a project with 15 years of production, the NPV was USD 4,519,482, the IRR at 23%, the ROI 24%, and the DPP after the fifth year of production.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document