scholarly journals Predictors of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Performance in Patients with Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Amin Ghaffari ◽  
Hamid Reza Rostami ◽  
Malahat Akbarfahimi
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Objective. Instrumental activities of daily livings are important for independent living and active participation in the community. The present study is aimed at determining factors predicting instrumental activities of daily living performance in patients with stroke. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a convenient sample of 90 patients with stroke entered from five occupational therapy centers, which were selected based on the cluster randomization method. Lawton IADL scale, Barthel Index, Trail Making Test (A and B), Digit span subtest of Wechsler memory scale, Motorcity index, and Beck Depression Inventory-II were used to investigate the study’s aim. Statistical analyses were performed using independent sample t -test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results. Age ( r = − 0.384 , p < 0.001 ), memory ( r = 0.565 , p < 0.001 ), basic activities of daily living ( r = 0.818 , p < 0.001 ), depression ( r = − 0.758 , p < 0.001 ), Trial Making Test (B-A) ( r = − 0.614 , p < 0.001 ), and motoricity index ( r = 0.670 , p < 0.001 ) were significantly associated with instrumental activities of daily living performance. Conclusions. Basic activities of daily living were the strongest predictor of IADL’s performance. Age, TMT (B-A), and depression were orderly the next strongest predictors. Stroke patients with more dependency in basic activities of daily living, older age, cognitive impairment, and depression are more opted to be dependent in instrumental activities of daily living and as a result, less participation in home and community affairs.

scholarly journals Elderly who take care of elderly: a study on the Frailty Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 822-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariene Angelini dos Santos-Orlandi ◽  
Tábatta Renata Pereira de Brito ◽  
Ana Carolina Ottaviani ◽  
Estefani Serafim Rossetti ◽  
Marisa Silvana Zazzetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Elderly Caregivers

ABSTRACT Objective: Identifying prevalence of frailty in elderly caregivers inserted in a high social vulnerability context and its correlation with sociodemographic and health aspects. Method: Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study. Forty elderly caregivers were evaluated with: questionnaire for caregiver characterization, Mini Mental State Examination, Katz Index, Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale, Geriatric Depression Scale and the frailty phenotype proposed by Fried. Interviews were conducted at their residences and scheduled in advance. All ethical precautions were observed. Data were analyzed with the Stata statistical program version 11.0. Results: 10% of elderly caregivers were frail. There was a significant correlation between frailty and sex, instrumental activities of daily living and cognition. Conclusion: Female caregivers, partially dependent individuals regarding instrumental activities of daily living and with worse cognitive state deserve a special attention from health services.

scholarly journals Influence of Fluoridated Groundwater and 1,100 Ppm Fluoride Dentifrice on Biomarkers of Exposure to Fluoride

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emerson Tavares de Sousa ◽  
Vanessa Feitosa Alves ◽  
Fabiana Barros Marinho Maia ◽  
Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos ◽  
Franklin Delano Soares Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽  
Fluoride Dentifrice ◽  
Pearson Correlation Analysis

Abstract This research aimed to determine the influence of fluoridated groundwater and 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice on biomarkers of exposure to fluoride in preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was performed on thirty preschoolers recruited from naturally fluoridated and non-fluoridated areas (n=15). Total Daily Fluoride Intake (TDFI) from diet and dentifrice, and Daily Urinary Fluoride Excretion (DUFE) was measured over 24 h. Nails samples were collected twice during 30 days. Fluoride analyses were performed using a fluoride-ion-specific electrode. Data were evaluated using the Student and paired t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis (α≤0.05). Fluoridated groundwater and dentifrice were the dominant sources (r2 > 0.83) of TDFI in children from a naturally fluoridated and a non-fluoridated area, respectively. A positive correlation between TDFI and DUFE (r=0.50), and between [F] in fingernails and toenails (r=0.60) were found in children from a naturally fluoridated area. The [F] in nails of finger and toe were not correlated to TDFI. The consumption of fluoridated groundwater influenced the fluoride concentration in urine. In addition, the use of 1,100 ppm fluoride dentifrice did not influence the fluoride concentration in urine and fingernails.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the functional capacity among of the aged with stroke

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Ana Railka de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Alice Gabrielle de Sousa Costa ◽  
Daniel Bruno Resende Chaves ◽  
Filipe Emmanuel Coelho Alves ◽  
Rafaella Pessoa Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Cerebral Vascular

ABSTRACTObjective: to evaluate the functional capacity of the aged with stroke. Method: this is about a cross-sectional study, from quantitative approach, performed in Fortaleza-CE city, Brazil. It was carried out from 2006 to 2007, through an interview and application of Barthel’s and Lawton’s scales to measure basic activities of daily living (BADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). The dates were analyzed by Epi Info software, version 3.3. Results: were evaluated 97 patients who had an average age of 64,3 years, 51,5% were women; 25,3% were illiterate; 90,7% lived with family; 52,6% were married and 54,7% presented diseases associated with stroke. The time after the last stroke was 4,1 years (±4,8) and the average of strokes was 1,4 event (±0,7). The men presented more dependence to activities carry through home. However, the women showed more dependence to outdoors activities. Conclusion: the evaluation of clinical and epidemiological conditions is necessary for allowing adjusts in interventions planning and contributes for to improve the treatment. Thereby the investments in training and qualification of nurses become essential. Descriptors: activities of daily living; stroke; aged; geriatric nursing.RESUMOObjetivo: avaliar a capacidade funcional de idosos após acidente vascular encefálico (AVE). Metodologia: estudo transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido em Fortaleza, no período de 2006 a 2007, por meio de entrevista e aplicação das escalas de Barthel e Lawton que mediram as atividades básicas (ABVD) e instrumentais (AIVD) da vida diária. Os dados foram analisados pelo programa Epi Info versão 3.3. Resultados: foram avaliados 97 indivíduos, com idade média de 64,3 anos, 51,5% mulheres; 25,3% analfabetos; 90,7% moravam com familiares; 52,6% tinham companheiros e 54,7% apresentavam patologias associadas ao AVE. Encontrou-se tempo após último AVE de 4,1 anos (±4,8) e média de 1,4 episódios (±0,7). Os homens mostraram-se mais dependentes quanto às atividades realizadas dentro do âmbito domiciliar. Já as mulheres, tiveram maior dependência para as atividades desenvolvidas fora do domicílio. Conclusão: a avaliação das condições clínicas e epidemiológicas são necessárias para o enfermeiro planejar estratégias, possibilitando ajustes no planejamento das intervenções contribuindo para melhor atendimento desses indivíduos. Destarte, torna-se imprescindível redirecionar a formação acadêmica e a qualificação dos enfermeiros. Descritores: atividades cotidianas; acidente cerebral vascular; idoso; enfermagem geriátrica.RESUMENObjetivo: evaluar la capacidad funcional de ancianos con accidente cerebrovascular. Método: estudio transversal, cuantitativo, desarrollado en la ciudad de Fortaleza, de 2006 a 2007, por medio de entrevista y aplicación de las escalas de Barthel y Lawton para medida de las actividades básicas e instrumentales de vida diaria. Los datos fueron analizados por el programa Epi Info, versión 3.3. Resultados: se evaluaron 97 individuos, con edad media de 64,3 años, el 51,5% eran mujeres y el 25,3% analfabetos; el 90,7% vivían con familiares; el 52,6% tenían compañeros y el 54,7% presentaban enfermedades asociadas al accidente cerebrovascular. El tiempo medio después del último evento fue 4,1 años (±4,8) y media de 1,4 episodios (±0,7). Los hombres se presentaron con más dependencia para las actividades desarrolladas dentro del domicilio, y las mujeres para actividades desarrolladas fuera de casa. Conclusión: la evaluación de condiciones clínicas y epidemiológicas es fundamental para lo planeamiento del enfermero.  Por lo tanto, es esencial reorientar la formación académica y la cualificación del enfermero. Descriptores: actividades cotidianas; accidente cerebrovascular; anciano; enfermería geriatica.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Older People: A Population Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunes DP ◽  
◽  
Castro DC ◽  
Mota JPN ◽  
Moura BM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Instrumental Activities ◽  
The City

Objective: To identify the prevalence and factors associated with functional disability for Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) among older people in a Brazilian capital. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out on 927 older people in the city of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. Lawton’s scale was used to assess IADL. Functional disability was characterized as difficulty in performing at least one activity. Multiple logistic regression was employed for the analysis of association. Results: A 58.2% prevalence of disability was identified, and the most compromised activities were doing manual work, doing the laundry, and ironing. There was an association between disability and old age, poor/very poor self-rated health, cerebrovascular accident, widowhood, cognitive impairment, musculoskeletal disorder, and living alone. Conclusions: The prevalence of functional disability for IADL was higher than that of national and international studies. We verified associated factors that can be modified by health promotion initiatives, which are configured as priority areas for interventions.

scholarly journals Functional disability in Brazilian octogenarians: data from the 2013 National Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
P M Stolses Bergamo Francisco ◽  
D de Assumpção ◽  
F Silva Arbex Borim ◽  
A Gomes de Macedo Bacurau ◽  
A M Pita Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Abstract Background The impairment of function capacity implies a greater risk of biological and social vulnerability, increasing the demand for healthcare services and caregivers. Objective Estimate the prevalence of functional disability in the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL) among long-lived Brazilians (≥80 years) according to sociodemographic characteristics and self-rated health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with data from seniors who participated in the 2013 National Health Survey (n = 1498). Functional disability was defined as difficulty performing at least one of the six BADL or five IADL. Independent associations were determined using Poisson multiple regression analysis, with the calculation of prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for chronic diseases. Results Mean age was 84.8 years (CI95%: 84.5-85.1); 59% were women; 62% were self-declared white; and 63% had no private health insurance. The prevalence of functional disability in BADL and IADL was 33.8% (CI95%: 30.6-37.2) and 66.4% (CI95%: 62.5-70.2), respectively. Only 17.7% participated in organized social activities and only 15.5% rated their health as poor/very poor. Regarding BADL, greater disability was found among those ≥85 years of age, among men and those who rated their health as poor (p &lt; 0.05). Regarding IADL, greater disability was found among those ≥85 years of age, those without a conjugal life, illiterate individuals and those who rated their health as poor (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Approximately 1/3 and 2/3 of long-lived Brazilian exhibited restricted skills for maintaining their autonomy and independence regarding the performance of BADL and IADL, respectively. The present findings underscore the importance of family and social support networks to assist older adults in the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living as well as activities related to mobility. Key messages The impairment of function capacity increases the demand for healthcare services and caregivers. Approximately 1/3 and 2/3 of long-lived Brazilians have functional disability regarding the performance of basic and instrumental activities of daily living, respectively.

scholarly journals Functional capacity: association with risk for falls, fear of falling and pain in the elderly

Rev Rene ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. e62430
Author(s):  
Alexandre de Andrade Nadu ◽  
Danila Cristina Paquier Sala ◽  
Carla de Lima Silva ◽  
Odete de Oliveira Monteiro ◽  
Paula Cristina Pereira da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Objective: to associate functional capacity with the risk of falls, fear of falling, and pain in hospitalized elderly. Methods: cross-sectional study with 130 elderlies. The following scales were applied: Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Morse Falls, Fear of Falling and Pain. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to associate the categorical variables to the Daily Living Activities and Pain Scales and the Chi-square test to the Morse Falls. Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient was used to associate the continuous variables with the Fear of Falling Scale. Results: most of the elderlies were independent for basic and instrumental activities of daily living, had high risk for falls, little concern about the possibility of falling, and no pain. Those with higher risk for falls are those with more dependence and have more concern about falling. Conclusion: there was an association between functional capacity and the scales fear of falling and pain.

scholarly journals Functional impairments of elderly in rural areas of east Sikkim, India: cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3136
Author(s):  
Frieda Bokali P. Engheepi ◽  
Nikita Joshi Sonowal ◽  
V. K. Mehta ◽  
Ajoy Daniel Rai
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Background: Ageing is a universal, biological reality, which affects every individual on this earth.India, being the second largest country with 8.4% of the total population belonging to the age group of 60 years and above faces challenges of population ageing. The major concern now being the health care of the elderly as functional ability decreases with age leading to avoidance of challenging situations, restricted activity and further decline in health. The objective of this study was to find out the functional impairments of elderly in rural areas of East Sikkim using Lawton’s instrumental activities of daily living scale.Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out with 324 elderly people aged 60 years and above. The study sample was obtained using multistage random sampling method. Out of total 52 GPU’s in rural areas of east Sikkim, 18 GPU’s were selected using random generation number method and then the list of all the elderly were obtained from each selected GPU. From this list, 18 elderlies in each GPU were randomly selected for the study thus the total sample size was 324. The study was conducted using Lawton’s instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale.Results: There was significant difference between the IADL score of both the genders (p=0.0001). There was no significant relationship in IADL score with age (r=-0.072). However, 2.5% of the elderly were totally dependent for IADL activity.Conclusions: Developing multidisciplinary approaches for improving quality of life might be a fruitful approach in elderly and thus enhancing the policy makers for forming a comprehensive geriatric rehabilitation services to provide health care accessibility for every elderly.

scholarly journals Evaluation of functional disability and associated factors in the elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Menezes Aguiar ◽  
Patrícia Oliveira Silva ◽  
Maria Aparecida Vieira ◽  
Fernanda Marques da Costa ◽  
Jair Almeida Carneiro
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Instrumental Activities

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence and self-reported socio-demographic and health factors associated with functional disability in basic and instrumental activities of daily living among the elderly. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on a representative sample of elderly people receiving care at a reference unit in the north of the state of Minas Gerais. The data were collected in 2015. Demographic and socioeconomic variables, morbidity, hospitalizations in the previous year, frailty (Edmonton Frail Scale), geriatric depression (GDS-15), and functional disability (Katz Index, Lawton and Brody Scales) were analyzed. Multiple analysis was performed using Poisson regression with robust variance. Results: 360 elderly people aged 65 years and over participated in the study. The prevalence of functional disability for Basic Activities of Daily Living was 21.4% while for instrumental activities it was 78.3%. Functional disability in basic activities was higher among elderly males (p=0.03) who had suffered strokes (p=0.00) and were frail (p=0.00), while for instrumental activities it was higher among older elderly persons (p=0.04); who were illiterate (p=0.00), had less than five years of schooling (p=0.02); had depressive symptoms (p=0.00) and were frail (p=0.00). It was lower among elderly persons who lived alone. Conclusion: A high prevalence of functional disability was identified among the elderly for instrumental activities of daily living, demonstrating the need for an effective and immediate approach by health professionals, who should employ preventive care in order to tackle this problem.

scholarly journals Association of Varus Thrust With Pain and Stiffness and Activities of Daily Living in Patients With Medial Knee Osteoarthritis

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Fukutani ◽  
Hirotaka Iijima ◽  
Takahiko Fukumoto ◽  
Daisuke Uritani ◽  
Eishi Kaneda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Varus Alignment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medial Knee ◽  
Knee Oa

Background Increasing evidence highlights potential associations between varus thrust and health domains associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between varus thrust and 2 subcategories—“pain and stiffness” and “activities of daily living (ADL)”—of the Japanese Knee Osteoarthritis Measure (JKOM). Design This was a cross-sectional study. Methods In total, 296 outpatients with knee OA visiting orthopedic clinics were enrolled. The inclusion criteria were age ≥50 years, medial knee OA and Kellgren-Lawrence (K/L) grade ≥1 in one or both knees, and the ability to walk independently. Standard posterior-anterior knee radiographs were measured for varus alignment. Participants were video recorded while walking and were evaluated for the presence or absence of varus thrust. Pain and stiffness of the knee joint and ADL were evaluated using the JKOM. Multivariate regressions (outcomes: pain and stiffness and ADL; predictor variable: varus thrust) were performed. Results Varus thrust was present in 46 (16.2%) of 284 patients. Multivariate regression analyses demonstrated that varus thrust is independently associated with pain and stiffness, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, K/L grade, and varus alignment (β=.17, P=.005). However, the association between varus thrust and ADL was not significant (β=.11, P=.058). Based on sensitivity analyses, including participants of K/L grade 1 had little influence on this analysis. Limitations Only 16.2% of participants had a varus thrust. Moreover, a cause-effect relationship between varus thrust and pain and stiffness remains unknown due to the cross-sectional design of this study. Conclusions Varus thrust was associated with pain and stiffness in patients with medial knee OA. However, the association between varus thrust and ADL did not reach significance.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Factors and Health Status Disparities Associated with Difficulty in ADLs and IADLs among Long-Lived Populations in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110072
Author(s):  
Júlia Cristina Leite Nóbrega ◽  
Juliana Barbosa Medeiros ◽  
Tácila Thamires de Melo Santos ◽  
Saionara Açucena Vieira Alves ◽  
Javanna Lacerda Gomes da Silva Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To evaluate the association between socioeconomic factors, health status, and Functional Capacity (FC) in the oldest senior citizens in a metropolis and a poor rural region of Brazil. Method: Cross-sectional study of 417 seniors aged ≥80 years, data collected through Brazil’s Health, Well-being and Aging survey. FC assessed by self-reporting of difficulties in Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs). Chi-square tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using “R” statistical software. Results: Socioeconomic and demographic inequalities in Brazil can influence FC in seniors aged 80 years and older. Comparatively, urban long-lived people had a higher prevalence of difficulties for ADLs and rural ones showed more difficulties for IADLs. Among urban oldest seniors, female gender and lower-income were correlated with difficulties for IADLs. Among rural oldest seniors, female gender, stroke, joint disease, and inadequate weight independently were correlated with difficulties for ADLs, while the number of chronic diseases was associated with difficulties for IADLs. Conclusion: Financial constraints may favor the development of functional limitations among older seniors in large urban centers. In poor rural areas, inadequate nutritional status and chronic diseases may increase their susceptibility to functional decline.

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