Gambaran Tingkat Stres Caregiver yang Merawat Lansia : Literature Review

The elderly population in increasing rapidly. The elderly will experience seversl chnge both physically, physiologically, cognitively, and mentally. Family plays in important role in providing care. Elderly care must be done carefully, patiently, and lovingly. The task can cause stress to the caregiver, which in influenced by busy work factors, changes in behavior due to the childish nature and behavior of the elderly. This study aims to describe the stress level of caregivers who care for the elderly. This study uses a liteartue review design using the PEO (Population, Exprosure, Outcome) method and uses 5 articles from a darabase with electronic searches on pubmed, google scolar dan published in 2016-2021. The results of the analysis of five articles show that the data on the characteristics of te respondents are mostly female (72.83%), the age range of respondents 36-45 years is the most dominant with a persentage of (34.25%), the education of the most respondent is SMA/SMK (46.88%), the majority of respondents work (74.37%), the work stress level of the caregiver who takes care of the elderly is in the category of mild stress with a result of 117 people (46.06%). Elderly dependenvy often appears and caregivers often experince stress. Families and the elderly need to maximize their participantion in providing support to reduce stress.Keywords: elderly caregivers; informal caregiver; stress level AbstrakPopulasi lansia mengalami peningkatan yang pesat. Lansia akan mengalami beberapa perubahan baik secara fisik, fisiologis, kognitif, dan mental. Keluarga berperan penting dalam memberikan perawatan. Perawatan lansia harus dilakukan dengan teliti, sabar, dan penuh cinta. Tugas tersebut dapat menimbulkan stres pada caregiver, yang dipengaruhi faktor kesibukan bekerja, perubahan tingkah laku karena sifat dan tingkah laku lansia yang kekanak-kanakkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat stres caregiver yang merawat lansia. Penelitian ini Menggunakan desain literature review dengan menggunakan metode PEO (Population, Exprosure, Outcome) dan menggunakan 5 artikel dari database dengan penelusuran elekrtonik pada Pubmed dan Google Scholar yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2016-2021. Hasil analisis lima artikel menunjukkan bahwa data karakteristik responden terbanyak berjenis kelamin perempuan (72.83%), rentang usia responden 36-45 tahun paling dominan dengan persentase (34.25%), pendidikan responden terbanyak yaitu SMA/SMK (46.88%), mayoritas responden bekerja (74.37%), tingkat stres caregiver yang merawat lansia tergolong dalam kategori stres ringan dengan hasil 117 orang (46.06%). Ketergantungan lansia sering muncul dan caregiver sering mengalami stres. Keluarga dan lansia perlu memaksimalkan peran serta memberikan dukungan guna mengurangi stres.Kata kunci: Caregiver lansia; caregiver informal; tingkat stres

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PENGASUH LANSIA TERKAIT PERAN LATIHAN FISIK DALAM MANAJEMEN TERPADU OSTEOARTHRITIS

ABSTRAKAdanya kebijakan dari pemerintah terkait pandemi covid 19 turut memberikan dampak bagi masyarakat, salah satunya dari aspek kesehatan seperti terhambatnya akses untuk mendapatkan layanan fasilitas kesehatan, terutama pada lansia. Salah satu penyakit yang paling sering terjadi pada lansia adalah osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis merupakan penyakit rematik akibat gangguan metabolisme yang diikuti oleh beberapa perubahan pada sistem muskuloskeletal pada lansia. Dengan diberikannya pelatihan pada pengasuh lansia terkait peran latihan fisik dalam manajemen terpadu osteoarthritis diharapkan pengasuh lansia dapat membantu lansia dalam upaya pencegahan secara mandiri penyakit osteoartritis. Program kemitraan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuh lansia terhadap peran latihan fisik dalam manajemen terpadu osteoarthritis. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Panti Werdha Tresno Muti Turen Kabupaten Malang, sebanyak 3 kali melalui pemberian materi dan video pembelajaran, serta melaksanakan diskusi interaktif kepada 25 orang pengasuh lansia. Dari hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman para pengasuh lansia, dimana sebelum diberikan penyuluhan, rata-rata nilai pre test sebesar 60,00 dan setelah diberikan penyuluhan terjadi peningkatan nilai post test menjadi 84,00. Kegiatan ini perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kesadaran, kepedulian dan mendorong keterlibatan peran pengasuh lansia dan para lansia dalam upaya manajemen terpadu pencegahan osteoarthritis melalui latihan fisik. Kata kunci: lansia; latihan fisik; manajemen terpadu; osteoarthritis ABSTRACTThe existence of policies from the government related to the COVID-19 pandemic also has an impact on the community, one of which is from the health aspect such as hampering access to health facilities, especially for the elderly. One of the most common diseases in the elderly is osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is a rheumatic disease due to metabolic disorders followed by several changes in the musculoskeletal system in the elderly. By providing training to elderly caregivers regarding the role of physical exercise in the integrated management of osteoarthritis, it is hoped that elderly caregivers can help the elderly in efforts to independently prevent osteoarthritis. This partnership program aims to increase the understanding of elderly caregivers on the role of physical exercise in the integrated management of osteoarthritis. This activity was carried out at the Tresno Muti Turen Nursing Home, Malang Regency, 3 times through the provision of learning materials and videos, as well as carrying out interactive discussions with 25 elderly caregivers. From the results of the evaluation, it was found that there was an increase in the understanding of the elderly caregivers, where before being given counseling, the average pre-test score was 60.00 and after being given counseling there was an increase in the post-test score to 84.00. This activity needs to be carried out as an effort to increase awareness, concern and encourage the involvement of the role of elderly caregivers and the elderly in an integrated management effort to prevent osteoarthritis through physical exercise. Keywords: elderly; integrated management; osteoarthritis; physical training

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN TEPUNG SIAP SAJI BERBAHAN DASAR UMBI PORANG (Amorphopallus oncophyllus P.) SEBAGAI PANGAN FUNGSIONAL BAGI LANSIA DI PANTI WERDHA TRESNO MUKTI TUREN

ABSTRAKPanti Werdha Tresno Mukti berada di Desa Pagedangan Kec. Turen, Kab. Malang. Perubahan aspek fisik, mental dan sosial yang terjadi pada lansia mempengaruhi kondisi kesehatan para lansia baik secara mental maupun fisik. Munculnya berbagai penyakit pada lansia akan meningkatkan resiko kekurangan nutrisi akibat kehilangan nafsu makan. Tambahan asupan makanan pendamping diperlukan sebagai pangan fungsional yang memberi manfaat kesehatan bagi para lansia. Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus. P) mengandung glucomannan berbentuk tepung atau serat alami yang larut di dalam air dan sering diolah menjadi produk makanan seperti mie shirataki, konnyaku, bahan campuran kue, roti, jeli, selai, es krim dan lain sebagainya. Mengkonsumsi umbi porang diketahui dapat menurunkan lipida darah, menurunkan glukosa darah, mencegah dan menghambat kanker, menurunkan obesitas dan mengatasi sembelit. Tujuan pelatihan ini untuk menambah pengetahuan dan ketrampilan para pengasuh lansia sebagai mitra dalam pemanfaatan umbi porang menjadi alternatif makanan sehat bagi lansia. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan secara on-line dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Kegiatan ini telah terlaksana selama bulan Juli 2021, dari 17 pengasuh lansia yang melihat video pembuatan tepung siap saji berbahan dasar umbi porang ada 14 pengasuh lansia atau 82% telah dapat membuat dengan benar. Secara keseluruhan kegiatan berjalan lancar serta antusiasme pendamping sangat baik Kata Kunci : Amorphophallus oncophyllus; glukomanan: iles-iles; lansia; porang ABSTRACTThe Tresno Mukti Nursing Home is located in Pagedangan Village, Kec. Turen , Kab. Malang. Change in physical, mental and social aspects that occur in the elderly affect the health condition of the elderly both mentally and physically. The emergence of various diseases in the elderly will increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies due to loss of appetite. Additional intake of complementary foods is needed as functional food that provides health benefits for the elderly. Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus. P) contains glucomannan in the form of flour or natural fiber that is soluble in water and is often processed into food products such as shirataki noodles, konnyaku, cake mix ingredients, bread, jelly, jam, ice cream and so on. Consuming porang tubers is known to lower blood glucose prevent and inhibit cancer, reduce obesity and treat constipation. The purpose of this training is to increase the knowledge and skills of elderly caregivers as partners in using porang tubers as an alternative to healthy food for th elderly. This activity has been carried out during July 2021, from 17 elderly caregivers who saw the video of making ready to eat flour made from porang tubers, 14 elderly caregivers or 82 % were able to make it correctly. Overall the activity went smoothly and the enthusiasm of the companion was very good. Keywords: Amorphophallus oncophyllus; elderly; glucomannan; iles-iles; porang

Training program for caregivers to prevent pressure ulcers among elderly residents at geriatric homes

Objectives Pressure ulcer (PU) is one of the most common problem among the bedridden elderly and has significantly more burden on elderly and caregivers. This study is aimed to evaluate the effects of the training program for caregivers to prevent PUs among elderly residents at geriatric homes. Methods A quasi-experimental design was used to carry out the current study. A purposive sample comprised of all formal (39 nurses) or informal caregivers (39) and all immobilized elderly residents (35) who are found in all geriatric centers in Helwan district. A structured questionnaire was used to assess caregivers’ socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and observational checklists for their practice for prevention of PU at pre- and posttest and during follow-up. Results After the training program, there were improvements in the level of knowledge, practice, and positive attitude of caregivers about PU prevention with a statistically significant difference between pre-, post-, and follow-up training programs (P < 0.001). Conclusions The study revealed that the training program seemed to change the knowledge, practice, and attitude of the subjects to PU prevention. This, in turn, implies that adequate knowledge affects directly the elderly caregivers’ attitudes as well as practice for prevention could be important in reducing the burden of PU among the elderly. Thus, conducting a training program for caregivers at different geriatric homes about caring skills for elders can prevent PU, and using spontaneous reposition is very effective to prevent PUs.

Family Care, Economic Stress, and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Adults During the COVID-19 Outbreak: Difference by Urban and Rural Areas

Background: Although several studies have shown an association of family care with a high level of depressive symptoms, the relationship between them remains indistinguishable.Objective: This study aims to examine the associations between family care, economic stress, and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults in urban and rural areas during the COVID-19 outbreak.Methods: Based on cross-sectional data collected through online surveys from February 1st to 10th 2020 in China the present study recruited 2,858 adults. It used multiple linear regression to examine the association between family care and depressive symptoms, while economic stress was examined as moderators on the above relationship.Results: The results showed that caring for both the elderly and children was significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms compared with non-caregivers (B = 2.584, 95%CI: 1.254, 3.915), and a similar result was also found in urban areas. Also, caring for the elderly only was also had a higher level of depressive symptoms than non-caregivers in rural areas (B = 3.135, 95%CI: 0.745, 5.525). Meeting the care needs was significantly associated with lower depressive symptoms compared with unmet care needs, while for rural caregivers, the results were not significant. Besides, economic stress strengthened the effect of family care needs on depressive symptoms for sandwich-generation caregivers who provide care to both the elderly and children (B = 0.605, 95%CI: 0.077, 1.134). While in rural areas, the moderation effects of economic stress were only found for elderly caregivers (B = 1.106, 95%CI: 0.178, 2.035).Conclusion: These findings suggest that we should pay more attention to the family caregiver's mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak. In addition, more effective policies should be developed to provide financial support for family caregivers, especially for sandwich-generation caregivers and rural elderly caregivers.